厦门市金榜小学 / 合立道设计集团一致建筑工作室

编辑：宋轶文（实习） | 校对：李博超 | 2023.12.19 09:31

方案设计单位 厦门合立道工程设计集团一院一致建筑工作室ONENESS STUDIO

施工图设计单位 厦门合立道工程设计集团五院

项目地点 福建厦门

建成时间 2023年6月

建筑面积 19,870平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

火车站是在一个城市开启一段旅程的起点。在厦门岛，火车站一带同时还是自然山体与繁华城区的交接点，金榜小学就选址于厦门站东侧的山边。

The train station serves as the starting point for a journey in a city. In Xiamen Island, the train station area also serves as the junction between natural mountainous terrain and the bustling urban area. Jinbang Elementary School is located on the eastern side of Xiamen Station, nestled by the mountainside.

地之被

万石山-东坪山是厦门岛最大的绿肺，它们绵延在岛的南部，高度适宜、植被繁茂、景色怡人。山脉向四周伸出无数的“绿脉”，进到城区，为“海上花园”的厦门城市带来了触目可及的绿色背景和可以随时登临远望的山坡。当年，鹰厦铁路的起点站就设置在山脉中部北麓，站北广场面海（今筼筜湖），金榜广场看山，都是景色独具。如今，厦门岛已是超过两百万人口的城市巨核，中小学的学位需求巨大。近年来，诞生了许多新的学校，金榜广场东侧一处山坳地也将新建一所金榜小学。

Wanshi Mountain - Dongping Mountain is the largest green lung of Xiamen Island, extending in the southern part of the island. With a suitable elevation, lush vegetation, and charming scenery, these mountain ranges send out numerous 'green veins.' As they extend into the urban area, they provide a visible green backdrop and hills for panoramic views, enhancing Xiamen, known as the 'Garden on the Sea.' The starting station of the Yingxia Railway was originally set in the northern foothills of the central part of these mountains, with the station square facing the sea (now Yundang Lake) and Jinbang Square overlooking the mountains, offering unique scenic views. Nowadays, Xiamen Island has become a city nucleus with a population exceeding two million. The demand for primary and secondary school education is enormous, leading to the establishment of many new schools. On the east side of Jinbang Square, in a mountainous hollow, a new Jinbang Elementary School will be constructed.

基地上曾经有粮食仓库和大型车场，在新的城市道路形成后，场地变得狭促且不规则，地面也因使用功能的需要被完全硬化，靠近道路的山体变得陡峭且岩石裸露，成为自然山林展示在城市的一处伤疤。修复土地伤痕，化解基地上的不适高差、大面积硬地以及目前的低效使用状态，对城市来说，是一件非常紧要的事情，设计团队在自然与城市之间，寻找谦和、融洽、能促进山与城互为增色的衔接方式，再合理地置入学校的使用功能。东坪山的一脉入城被保留下来，它与不规则的基地东西向贴邻，带来了不同于常规思路的校园格局——“集聚、延伸、漫延、覆盖”，倚山邻路，顺势而为。

The site used to have grain warehouses and a large vehicle yard. After the formation of new urban roads, the site became cramped and irregular. The ground was completely hardened due to the functional requirements, and the mountain near the road became steep with exposed rocks, becoming a scar of natural mountain forest displayed in the city. It is crucial for the city to repair the scars on the land, resolve the inappropriate height differences, large areas of hardened surfaces, and the current inefficient land use on the site. The design team, navigating between nature and the urban environment, seeks a harmonious and seamless way to connect the mountain and the city, promoting mutual enhancement. The team also strategically integrates the functional requirements of the school. A trace of Dongping Mountain entering the city is preserved, and it lies adjacent to the irregular site from east to west, bringing about a unique campus layout that deviates from conventional thinking - 'Aggregation, Extension, Spread, and Coverage,' leaning against the mountain and adapting to the terrain."

山之形

山与海，构成了厦门岛主要的地理形态，尤以筼筜湖南侧的万石山-东坪山一脉、北侧狐尾山-仙岳山一脉为主，成为湖畔两侧城市中心区无数建筑群体的标识性背景。在优美的山形轮廓前方，建筑高低错落、层次丰富，筼筜湖水面上映入山与建筑的倒影，拉近了城市、人与自然的距离。在百年的厦门城市发展历程中，人们一面填海，一面挖山，为生存争取到更多的土地，同时也侵蚀了自然的环境；今天，保护山体及植被、保护山形轮廓，重视山脉在城市中的位置、塑造优美的城市天际线成为所有人的共识。

The interplay of mountains and sea defines the primary geographical form of Xiamen Island, especially the southern range of Wanshi Mountain to Dongping Mountain near Yuanxian Lake, and the northern range of Huxi Mountain to Xianyue Mountain. These mountain ranges serve as iconic backdrops for numerous architectural clusters on both sides of the lake, creating a picturesque scenery with their graceful silhouettes. Against the backdrop of the beautiful mountain contours, buildings are arranged in varying heights and levels. The reflections of mountains and buildings shimmer on the surface of Yuanxian Lake, bridging the gap between the city, people, and nature.Over the century-long development of Xiamen, land reclamation and mountain excavation have been simultaneous processes, gaining more land for survival but also eroding the natural environment. Today, the consensus is to protect the mountains, vegetation, and maintain the silhouette of the mountain range. The significance of the mountain range in shaping the urban skyline is acknowledged by all.

金榜广场的对面，绿色屏障郁郁葱葱，山体连绵，而新的建筑群置身其中，将会以什么样的姿态呈现？视线由远及近，由高到低，它们应该成为山体的一部分。设计团队选择了相对集约的形态策略，建筑主体藏入山坳，依山就势、错落连接，将原来山坳一侧的陡直化为有节奏的退台；沿着入城山脉的西侧，运动区建筑体平铺般倚山面城，用长而低的体量护住山体，延续其平缓的趋势。山脉是建筑的背景，围抱校园，建筑群体量适宜，一部分有节奏地抬升、一部分自然放松地舒展开，整体塑造了金榜路东侧新的城市形态。空间开敞、姿态友好，校园景观、校园活动如画卷般连续地呈现给城市，自上而下展示自然与人、与城市积极融洽的图景。

Across from Jinbang Square, a lush green barrier with continuous mountainous terrain forms a backdrop for the new architectural clusters. How will these buildings, immersed in the verdant surroundings, present themselves? Following the line of sight from a distance, these structures should seamlessly become part of the mountain. The design team opted for a relatively intensive form strategy, with the main buildings nestled into the mountain hollows, connecting in a staggered manner. The steep side of the hollow is transformed into rhythmic terraces. Along the western side of the mountain range entering the city, the sports area's buildings are laid out against the mountain, using long and low volumes to protect the mountain and continue its gentle slope. The mountain range becomes the backdrop, embracing the campus. The architectural clusters, with varied elevations, present a harmonious and friendly urban form on the eastern side of Jinbang Road. The open and inviting space showcases the continuous tapestry of campus landscapes and activities, presenting a positive and harmonious interaction between nature, people, and the city from top to bottom.

风过庭

新的校园建筑群以集聚的形态坐落山坳，开放面朝向西侧城市道路，校园东侧与南侧则紧邻山体海拔较低的区域，往常年风向的东南方向是连绵群山。设计团队在重塑地表的同时，采用几个互相嵌套的庭院进行有序组合，各个单体的首层大部分被架空起来，在高低台地之间，将自然的绿色与风引入其中。

The new campus buildings are clustered in the mountain hollow, with open faces towards the west-facing city road. The campus's east and south sides are adjacent to the lower-altitude areas of the mountain, with a continuous range of mountains in the southeast, where the prevailing wind direction typically originates. While reshaping the ground, the design team adopted several nested courtyards organized in an orderly combination. The majority of the ground floors of each building are elevated, allowing the natural greenery and wind to flow between the high and low platforms.

各个庭院周边的开口互通，带来视线的通透和联系的便捷，山谷风顺坡而上，轻拂绿植，过庭穿廊，再由天井拔起。对流过程改善了当地春夏季节湿热气候的不利影响，引导林间新鲜空气进入校园，使得教室内外清爽宜人。架空庭院的导风策略既减少了空调能耗，又塑造了建筑轻盈、开放的姿态。

The open interfaces around each courtyard facilitate clear lines of sight and convenient connections. The valley wind travels up the slope, gently brushing the greenery, passing through courtyards and corridors, and rising through atriums. This airflow improvement mitigates the adverse effects of the local hot and humid climate during spring and summer, guiding fresh forest air into the campus for a refreshing atmosphere inside and outside the classrooms. The wind-guiding strategy of elevated courtyards not only reduces air conditioning energy consumption but also creates a light and open architectural posture.

各个庭院分设主题，并被因地制宜配置了活动场所，为学生们提供了课余交流的多样选择。景观庭院、架空空间、坡地平台铺满山坡，学生们在不同标高上下跑动，风雨无阻，享受着校园里的山地之乐、庭院之乐。

Each courtyard is themed and strategically equipped with activity spaces tailored to the local conditions, providing students with a variety of options for extracurricular interactions. Landscape courtyards, elevated spaces, and sloping platforms cover the hillsides, allowing students to move freely between different elevations, enjoying the mountainous and courtyard pleasures regardless of the weather.

阳光顶

设计团队选择了山与城友好衔接的设计策略，学校建筑成了山体伸向城市的阳台。建筑在多个台地上架起、连接，使整体校园形成一个具有充分可达性的观景平台群。在城市的山脉西侧，不同标高的屋顶平台适合远眺，也适合对望。运动场是最大的平台，其承接山脉、俯瞰街景，宽阔的视野与充足的阳光吸引孩子们来这里活动，使人既可沉浸绿色，又可观察城市。金榜路上的人们看着学校在火车站旁的绿色山边，台地与其屋面的错落、堆叠，塑造了多个环游路径，想像孩子们在课间自由地跑出教室，去到不同高度的平台眺望，一边是山，一边是城。

The design strategy chosen aims at creating a friendly connection between the mountain and the city, turning the school buildings into terraces extending from the mountain to the urban landscape. The buildings are elevated and interconnected on multiple platforms, forming a campus that acts as an accessible panoramic platform group. On the western side of the mountain facing the city, the rooftops at different elevations serve as ideal spots for both distant views and mutual observation. The sports field, being the largest platform, embraces the mountains and overlooks the street scenes. Its broad vista and ample sunlight attract children to engage in activities, allowing them to immerse themselves in the greenery while observing the city. People on Jinbang Road can look at the school, situated by the green mountains near the train station. The staggered and stacked terraces and rooftops create multiple circular paths, envisioning children freely running out of classrooms during breaks to different elevations for panoramic views—one side with mountains, the other with the city.