朴素又诗意：山西宁武燕麦工厂 / JSPA Design

编辑：袁蓓祺 | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2022.12.30 10:13

设计单位 JSPA Design

项目地点 山西忻州

建成时间 2021年10月

建筑面积 8,800平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

该项目位于山西省宁武市，旨在建造一座燕麦工厂，在此将生燕麦进行深加工，转化为燕麦米及燕麦粉、燕麦冲调粉等产品。

Located in Ningwu, Shanxi province, the project consisted in the creation of an Oatmeal factory, transforming raw oat into flour products.

燕麦自动化加工需要建设两条不同的生产线，并配备大批量机械设备。同时，项目也需要建造对公众开放的空间，包括商店、咖啡厅及办公空间。

The production process, mostly automated, needed two different production lines with high volume machinery and spaces open to the public with shop, café and office spaces.

▲ 项目视频 ©Schran Images

该项目的周边环境并不理想，附近有一些新建的工业厂房和煤矿，当地干燥气候条件下的景观也缺乏吸引力。由此，我们考虑将工厂发展成一座内向型建筑，重新塑造其内部的自然环境。除了使这个建筑满足所有的功能需求，我们还希望它能够激发人们更多的感受，给参观体验带来惊喜。

The surroundings of the project offered very low quality with newly constructed industrial buildings, dry landscape and coal mines and it seemed interesting to develop the factory as an introverted building that would recreate its own natural environment. Besides satisfying all functional requirements, we thought the project as a building that stimulates human senses, that would propose a surprising experience to the visitor.

我们的概念出发点是使用砖墙将工厂的各个技术空间围合和隐藏起来，并在这个不透明的底层上方搭建一个简洁的、有体量感的混凝土建筑，以承载该项目全部的公共空间。

The idea was to use a system of brick walls to enclose and hide the various technical spaces of the factory into an opaque ground floor and to set-up a simple concrete volume on the top of it, to host all the public spaces of the program.

天井和花园将穿透整个建筑，提供自然光照的同时，在工厂内创造令人印象深刻的空间延伸感。而建筑中央的生产车间也将通过特殊形状的混凝土结构屋顶，得到明亮的北向采光。

Patios and large gardens will pierce the whole building, to provide natural light while creating impressive spatial dilatations within the factory. Central production spaces will also get natural light from concrete sheds, opening the roof to the north light.

砖墙的设计形式从工厂正门开始。门前的景观区域特意开放给当地社区使用，设有长椅和水池供孩子们玩耍。砖首先成为长椅的材质，接着逐渐延伸成工厂围护，再之后发展为整个建筑的外墙。

The system of brick walls starts from the front of the factory, where a landscape area is voluntarily left open to the use of the local community with benches and water pools for kids to play. Brick walls grow slowly from benches shape to become the propriety fence of the factory and later, the façade of the whole building.

砖墙以不同的形状，定义和标示出工厂的不同入口，每个入口对应特定的功能：原材料运送、产品装载，以及工作人员和参观者的入口。

The shape taken by the brick walls will form and define the different entrances of the factory, each of them with a specific function: The raw materials delivery, the products loading, the staff and the visitor entry.

员工和访客被划分到不同路径，在工厂内不会有任何交集。工作人员将享有一个组织有序的工作环境，而参观者则将经历一段规划合理的空间体验，并在参观过程中的某个时刻，得以站在俯瞰车间的高架走廊上看到整个生产线的样貌。

Separated into distinct paths, staff and visitor will never cross ways inside the factory and while the workers will enjoy a functional organization, the visitor, will go through a planned spatial experience. At one moment only, the production line is showcased to the visitor in an elevated corridor overlooking the workshop.

员工宿舍设置在工厂的后面，被设定为一个隐形的建筑。我们以加厚的砖砌围墙构成了建筑的主体，并在建筑内部设计了天井庭院，为房间带来采光的同时，保证了私密性。

The dormitory for employees was set-up in the back of the factory and conceived as an invisible architecture. The brick fence wall was thickened to host the building and patios were created to bring light to the rooms while preserving their intimacy.

工厂和宿舍之间的空地则被改造为一个花园，其中设置了混凝土浇筑的长桌和方形座椅。

The space between the factory and the dorm becomes a garden in which a concrete table and square seats were set-up.

建筑材料的选择也具有深远的意义：我们希望通过采用青砖及当地的施工方法，使得设计与场地建立起深厚关系。此外，清水混凝土强调了建筑的现代性，并且可以使结构本身和建筑紧紧结合在一起。

The choice of construction materials carries a strong meaning: the use of the grey brick is a way to create a deep relationship with the site, using local construction methods. Exposed concrete, on the other hand, emphasizes the modernity of the building and allows structure and architecture to be bind together.

景观设计也完全融入到了建筑设计过程中。屋顶收集的雨水通过现浇混凝土排水口被引向不同楼层的水池，使雨水的循环成为空间体验的一部分。水流顺势一直流到工厂的入口处，在那里汇成一道景观瀑布落下，与镂空的12米混凝土LOGO墙一起，邀请参观者进入建筑。

The landscape design is also fully integrated in the design process and rain water collected on the roof is redirected to water pools on different levels through cast-in-place concrete water exhausts, making the natural circulation of rainwater part of the experience of the space. The water flows until the entrance of the factory where a last water fall, combined with a twelve meters cantilever concrete logo wall invites the visitor to enter the architecture.

在整个设计过程中，我们需要妥当地遵循监管规范中的限制和要求。例如，消防规范要求建筑顶部必须设有一个消防水箱，于是我们将其设计成一个挑出的不锈钢盒子，使其以极简的雕塑形态轻盈地悬挑在屋顶上，成为一个完全独立的元素。

Across the design process, some regulatory issues were solved through design. Fire-fighting regulation required a water container on the roof that we decided to design as an independent element, a cantilevered stainless-steel box, like a sculpture on the roof.