在缝补之间：Vilanova de la Barca教堂 / AleaOlea architecture & landscape

翻译、编辑：易智丽（实习生）；校对：李菁琳 | 2018.05.15 16:46

AleaOlea architecture & landscape

AO VdB 28 — Vilanova de la Barca教堂外观摄影：Adrià Goula

13世纪的哥特式建筑—— Vilanova de la Barca老教堂（西班牙，莱里达），在1936年由于西班牙内战的炮弹轰炸而遭到部分破坏，从此以后，老教堂一直是废墟状态，但保留有半圆形后殿、中庭和西立面片段。本项目旨在修复老教堂被毁坏的部分恢复其原始外观，并将旧有结构改造成新的多功能大厅结合。以期建立起新老元素、古今时代之间的建筑对话。

The Old Church of Vilanova de la Barca (Lleida, Spain) is a 13th century Gothic building that was partially demolished in 1936 as a result of the bombings during the Spanish Civil War. Since then, the church had been in a general state of ruin, preserving just its apse, some fragments of the naves and the west façade. The main aim of the project was to recover the rests of the ancient church and to restore its original appearance while transforming the old structure in a new multi-purpose hall. The project aims to establish an architectural dialogue between the old parts and the new elements, between the past and the present.

AO VdB 5 — Vilanova de la Barca老教堂遗址摄影：Adrià Goula

原教堂的巴西利卡式平面有两个中殿、一个侧廊和小型礼拜堂，总尺寸长22米，宽7米，室内高达10米。在东向部分，残存的结构保留有两个类似罗马式风格的侧扶壁，以及17世纪哥特式后殿中的肋拱顶。整个教堂由当地的方石建造，但由于天气状况和时间侵蚀破坏已大面积损坏。最近，原墓地遗址上一座独院家庭的施工建造活动严重影响到了教堂。

The original church has a basilica-styled floor plan with two naves, a presbytery and lateral chapels. The building is 22 meters long and 7 meters wide, with an interior space rising up to 10 meters. In the oriental part, the surviving construction preserved two impressive lateral buttresses, probably of a Romanesque origin, and a ribbed vault of the 17th century in a late Gothic style in the apse. The entire church was built with a stone ashlar of the area which was largely damaged by the weather conditions and the erosion of time. More recently, the church has been severely affected by the construction of an attached single family house in the former graveyard.

AO VdB 8 — 平面图 ©AleaOlea architecture & landscape

AO VdB 31 — Vilanova de la Barca教堂夜景摄影：Adrià Goula

该项目最重要的部分集中于围合元素：立面和屋顶。项目建造了网格状的新式砖立面，和带山花的阿拉伯瓦屋顶。整个新建筑设计成一个新型陶瓷外壳，轻柔地由残留的老墙体支撑着。封闭而无窗的新教堂外立面重现了老教堂的褶皱且凹凸不平的外观纹理，呈现了对原砖墙的视觉延续性和融合感。另一方面，室内墙面构思为白色多孔砖墙，强调了新老墙体之间的对比与断裂。在教堂外面，能够感知到老教堂的存在，而在内部，建筑留存着遗迹氛围和原教堂的神圣性。

The most important part of the project has focused on the covering elements: the façade and the roof. The project establishes a new brick façade based on a latticework texture and a new gabled Arab tile roof. The entire system is conceived as a new architectural ceramic shell that is gently supported over the remains of the ancient walls. The outer façade rises hermetic and opaque, with no windows, as a textured background that reproduces the wrinkled, dense and irregular texture of the stone ashlars of the ancient church, advocating for a visual continuity and integration with the original fabric. On the other hand, the inner façade is designed with a white perforated brick which reinforces the contrast and discontinuity between the old parts and the new elements. From the outside, the perception of the old church is restored, whereas in the inside, the building preserves the atmosphere of rest and introspection of the original sacred space.

AO VdB 2 — 新老元素分解图 ©AleaOlea architecture & landscape

AO - VdB 24

在紧邻教堂和独院家庭住宅的空隙空间中，设计了新的入口通往新教堂。老教堂后殿留下了一扇奇特的门，项目将该空间转化为新入口中庭，美化了这个长久被压抑的空间。凉棚、树木、地面植被以及水管打造了从入口到教堂内部的惬意景观效果。

The project offers a new alteative entrance to the building through the transformation of the area of the former graveyard, an adjacent space located between the church and the attached single family house. The project replaces the former access of the apse —a bizarre door introduced after the demolition of the church— and transforms this space into a new entrance patio, dignifying this area after years of being suffocated by the large adjacent dividing wall. The pergola, the trees, the carpeting vegetation and the water chain draw a new scenography that serves as an entrance threshold to the church’s interior.