MVRDV新作：法国波尔多绿谷，围合的生态住宅

设计单位  MVRDV

项目地点  法国波尔多

建成时间  2024年

建筑面积  5250平方米

本文英文原文由MVRDV提供，由有方编译。

MVRDV在法国波尔多Bastide-Niel街区设计的住宅项目“绿谷”（La Vallée Verte）正式完工。项目位于其总体规划所构建的街区肌理之中，坐落在林荫街道与原有铁路遗址之间。

MVRDV has completed construction of La Vallée Verte, a residential project within the Bastide Niel district of Bordeaux, Situated between the shaded streets and former railway tracks of MVRDV's own Bastide Niel masterplan.

项目延续总体规划中“光线切割”（suncuts）的几何语言，并将其转化为一处绿意盎然的环形庭院。庭院内部设置宽大退台，并布置丰富植被，使绿化从地面向上层层延伸，形成连续的绿色空间。

The project combines the angled forms of the masterplan's “suncuts" with a verdant “crater": a circular internal courtyard with an intense abundance of plants adorning generous terraces.

项目共提供70套不同类型的住宅，以满足不同人生阶段的居住需求。建筑外立面以简洁的白色体量呈现，融入这一全新的城市更新片区；围合的内庭院则形成一处静谧的公园式空间，为居民与访客提供休憩与交流场所。

Providing 70 new homes of varying sizes to attract residents in all stages of life, the project's sleek white exterior blends in as part of this brand new, innovative urban district, while the inner courtyard offers a distinctive and secluded park-like space in which residents and visitors can relax.

MVRDV自启动法国波尔多加龙河右岸Bastide-Niel总体规划以来，对原有工业用地与军营进行更新，逐步形成全新的城市片区。规划保留了区域内的历史结构与肌理，并以密集的窄街组织空间，营造出遮阴良好、尺度宜人的街道氛围。

MVRDV's Bastide Niel masterplan creates a new district on the right bank of the Garonne River in Bordeaux, redeveloping a former industrial area and military barracks.The plan retains the historic structures and layout of the district, surrounding these elements with narrow streets for shade and intimacy.

建筑的不规则坡度与斜向体量由一种称为“光线切割”的参数化方法生成，以确保全年获得基础日照条件，使建筑之间避免相互遮挡。

The unusual slopes and angled shapes of the buildings were determined using a parametric approach known as "suncuts" that ensures all buildings receive a minimum amount of direct sunlight throughout the year, no building is overshadowed by its neighbour.

该片区共划分为144个地块，由来自本地和国际的诸多设计团队共同开发，整体呈现出注重可持续性、宜居性与历史延续性的城市更新格局，是对欧洲传统城市形态富有活力的当代表达。

With its 144 plots being developed by a wide variety of local, national, and international designers, the result is a district with a focus on sustainability, liveability, and historic character - a vibrant update to the urban tradition of the European city.

绿谷位于Bastide-Niel街区西北角的加龙河畔滨河大道Quai des Queyries区域，是这一总体规划理念的代表性项目，由三栋建筑组成，置于一处三角形基地之上。

Positioned at the north-western edge of Bastide Niel on the Quai des Queyries, La Vallée Verte serves as an exemplary project following the principles of the masterplan, Made up of three buildings on a triangular plot.

面向街道一侧，建筑立面与屋顶呈现出简洁平整的体量形态，以回应总体规划的日照控制与形体逻辑，并采用浅灰色瓷砖作为墙面材料，以降低城市热岛效应。

The street-side facades and roofs are smooth - adhering to the shapes of the masterplan and its daylighting requirements - and are clad in light grey tiles, following the masterplan's approach to reduce the urban heat island effect.

相对而言，场地中心的三栋建筑被“掏空”，形成一处圆形内庭院，植被由地面向上层层覆盖。

In contrast, at the centre of the site the three blocks are hollowed out into a circular courtyard covered in greenery from the ground to the topmost floors.

建筑外侧立面以相对克制的体量回应城市界面，而面向庭院的内侧立面则更加开放，通过通高开口连接私密阳台。不同尺度的种植容器沿阳台边缘布置，容纳从开花灌木到小型乔木、常绿与落叶植物等多种植被类型。

Where the outward-facing facades are solid and flat, those facing the courtyard have full-height openings that face onto private loggias. Plant pots of various sizes line the edges of these loggias, supporting plants of all types - from flowering shrubs to small trees, and from evergreen to deciduous plants.

该设计模拟自然谷地的层级生态，使不同植物在不同高度生长，从而形成具有多样性的植物系统。

The project replicates a natural valley landscape, with different plants at different levels, to enable a diversity of species.

为保证植被的持续生长，MVRDV在设计中专门为园丁设置了可沿阳台全线进行养护的维护通道。结构墙体上设置了开口，并通过钢制门分隔相邻阳台。这些开口与门以人物剪影的形式呈现，并以宽檐帽暗示园丁形象，以富有趣味的方式呼应其功能。

To ensure the continued health of the project's greenery, the design provides a route for professional gardeners to access the length of the balconies and provide regular maintenance, with openings placed in the structural walls and steel doors separating the balconies of different neighbours.In a playful acknowledgement of their purpose, these openings and doors take the shape of a person, with a wide-brimmed hat clearly hinting at the silhouette of a gardener.

“Bastide-Niel总体规划的核心目标之一，是通过围绕历史肌理构建密集街道网络，为这一新片区赋予亲密感；同时通过建筑‘切割’获得日照，使屋顶形态如冰山般延续城市的历史层叠。每位建筑师都可以在遵循总体规则思路的前提下，融入自己的解读。”

——MVRDV创始合伙人Winy Maas

"One of the key motivations of our Bastide Niel masterplan was to give this new piece of thecity a sense of intimacy, shaping the district around historic traces to form a surprisingnetwork of cute streets, while the buildings are cut to give access to sunlight. This leads to aroofscape like icebergs that echo the old city. Each architect should add their own interpretation, while staying within the rules", says MVRDV founding partner Winy Maas.

他进一步表示：“在绿谷中，我们通过对三栋建筑的‘切割’，并引入浓郁的绿色植被，从而营造出宜人的空间体验：这个绿意庭院宛如隐匿于街区之中的静谧世界，在此，居民与访客共享同一空间体验。”

“With La Vallée Verte we cut the three blocks and added an explosion of greenery, achieving intimacy in another way: the green courtyard is like a secret world, almost separate from the rest of the neighbourhood; being there becomes a moment shared between the visitors and the residents.”

通过提供不同尺度的公寓组合，绿谷形成了多样化的居住结构，涵盖从首次置业的单身居民到多口之家等不同人群。其中一栋建筑的一层设置了日间托育中心，并在庭院内部为儿童提供了一处相对独立且安全的户外活动空间，使社区日常生活更具活力。

By providing a mix of apartments of diferent sizes, La Vallée Verte allows for a diverse mix of residents, ranging from single first-time buyers to large families.The design includes a day-care centre on the ground floor of one of the buildings, providing a secluded external space for the children within the courtyard that brightens up the daily life of the neighbourhood.

整个Bastide-Niel街区已纳入法国EcoQuartier生态社区认证体系。与周边可持续策略一致，绿谷接入区域供热系统，并通过屋顶光伏板提供部分电力需求。

The entire Bastide Niel district has been certified as part of France's EcoQuartier initiative. In keeping with the rest of the neighbourhood's sustainability strategy, La Vallée Verte is connected to a district heating system, while photovoltaic panels provide a portion of its electrical energy needs.

项目同时遵循了Bastide-Niel关于渗透性街道景观的规划原则，使雨水与洪水得以自然渗透和消纳，以适应加龙河洪泛平原的环境特征。

It also conforms to Bastide Niel's principles of a porous streetscape allowing for the absorption of rainwater and floods - an important consideration due to the project's location in the Garonne River floodplain.

周边社区的停车集中整合到邻近的地上停车楼内，以降低洪水风险并减少项目的隐含碳排放。同时，首层住宅被整体抬升，使水流可以在极端情况下可以顺利通过场地。

Parking for the surrounding community is consolidated in an adjacent above-ground structure, both reducing the risk of flood damage and reducing the embodied carbon emissions of the project, while ground-floor apartments are elevated to allow water to pass through.

设计图纸 ▽

完整项目信息

Project Name: La Vallée Verte
Location: Bordeaux, France
Year: 2016–2024
Client: PICHET Promotion
Size and Programme: 5250 sqm, 70 housing units, restaurant, retail

Architect: MVRDV
Founding Partner in charge: Winy Maas
Partner: Bertrand Schippan

Design Team:

Antoine Muller, Nicolas Land, Charlotte Kientz, Kamile Malinauskaite, Marie Saladin, Nils Christa, Sylvain Totaro, Mickael Pors, Davide Salamino, Javier Cuenca Solana, Quentin Aubry, Karolina Szostkiewicz, Chiara Cappelluti, Erik Obando, Gabrielle Evain, Sabin Andrei Zapareniuc, Céline Haghbin

Business Development: Jan Knikker

Copyright: MVRDV, Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Collaborators

Co-architect: ADVENTO, Bordeaux, France
Contractor:Ramery, Pyrenees Charpentes, Labastère, ATE Alu, Bers33

Project coordination / Structural engineering / MEP / Cost calculation: ECOTECH

Landscape architect: A+R Paysage (Rémi Salles)
Environmental advisor: ADER ECO

版权声明：本文英文原文及图片由MVRDV授权有方发布，编译版权归有方空间所有。欢迎转发，禁止以有方编辑版本转载。
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