可移动立面格栅：马略卡大道15号公寓楼 / OHLAB

设计单位  OHLAB / oliver hernaiz architecture lab

项目地点  西班牙马略卡岛

建成时间  2022年1月

建筑面积  4000平方米

项目位于西班牙马略卡岛首府帕尔马的马略卡大道上，占据一处阳光明媚的独特位置，周边步道绿树成荫，里埃拉水道贯穿该城市中心。这个新的住宅综合体旨在通过其建筑和室内设计、可持续性、能效性、城市一体化、建材质量以及舒适性，打造帕尔马市的地标建筑。

In the exceptional and sun-blessed location of Paseo Mallorca, the tree-lines promenade overlooking the Riera water course running through the heart of the city, this new residential complex is set to become a landmark in the city of Palma due to its architecture, sustainability, energy efficiency, urban integration, quality of materials, interior design and level of comfort.

建筑立面由可移动的木制板条组成，可以起到过滤光线的作用，在建筑上创造令人惊叹的光影变化效果。同时，该立面也可以使建筑在全年都能有效地利用太阳光。

The façade, consisting of sliding panels made of wooden slats, acts as a solar filter to create stunning effects of changing light and shade on the homes, making the most of the sun, efficiently and all year round.

项目按照被动式房屋标准进行设计，以实现最大的能源效率。其供暖及空调系统能耗仅为每年每平方米15千瓦时，这意味着与传统建筑相比，项目在在空气加热和冷却方面的需求减少了近90%，进而实现了极低的能源成本。这种建造方式也使建筑满足“净零能耗建筑”标准。

The projects has been designed in accordance with Passivhaus standards to achieve maximum energy efficiency and a heating/air-conditioning demand of only 15kWh/(m2y). This means a reduction of almost 90% in terms of air heating and cooling requirements in comparison with a conventional building, resulting in extremely low energy costs for the owner and for the planet. This construction method falls within the nZEB (nearly zero energy building) standard for consumption.

建筑内设有位于不同楼层的豪华公寓，提供了城市上空的一处避风港，拥有景观露台和私人迷你游泳池，住户可以在此欣赏帕尔马城市全景，以及里埃拉水道和周边步道。

The penthouses at Paseo Mallorca 15, on different levels, are true urban havens above the city, with landscaped terraces and private mini-pools from where residents can admire the panoramic views of Palma rooftops and the three-lined walk along Riera.

建筑外观由两种类型的立面定义：一种是由木板条制成的渗透性表皮，可以起到过滤光线的作用，在建筑上创造令人惊叹的光影变化效果；另一种则是更坚固的石材组成的立面，可为公寓卧室区域提供保护与隐私。

The outside of the building is defined by two types of facades. A permeable skin made of wooden slats filters the sun and plays with the light and shade in the day areas of the homes. Another, more solid, stone façade protects the bedrooms.

第一种类型的立面面向马略卡大道一侧，阳光充足，拥有最好的视野，也是公寓日间活动区域所在。该区域设有大面积开窗，为住户提供良好的景观视野和采光。开窗外的表皮由可移动的木条格栅组成，为建筑与周边环境提供一个柔和过渡，并在夏天阻挡过多的日光、在冬天则充分利用阳光。这是一个有机的、可渗透的、可变化的双层立面系统，以马略卡岛传统凉棚和百叶窗形式为灵感，可调节自然光线，适应不同的气候需求。同时，该系统还与交叉通风和热回收系统相结合，确保了建筑最大的能源效率。

The first type of cladding is on the side overlooking Paseo Mallorca, which is the sunniest part, with the best views, and where the day areas of the homes are located. This area has a double façade with large windows for residents to take advantage of the views, enjoy the numerous deciduous trees and the winder sun. This façade is protected by a second sensitive skin consisting of moving panels of wooden slats that block out the sun in the summer, make the most of the sun in the winter and mark the transition between the home and its surroundings. It is an organic, permeable and changing layer, an exterior reflection of its interior, a solar filter to modulate light and shade, optimized through solar studies, which adapts to the different climate needs and draws upon the tradition of Majorcan pergolas and shutters. Combined with cross-ventilation and a heat recovery system, it is key to ensuring maximum energy efficiency.

第二种类型的立面面向安静的街道一侧，围合公寓的睡眠区域。它通过坚实的石材材质，为住户提供必要的保护，并定义了公寓内的私人区域。立面不同的肌理与节奏在各自的多样性中找到整体的统一，创造了一个具有变化纹理的立面形式。

The second type of cladding, meanwhile, is found on the perimeter areas, facing the quieter streets, where the sleeping areas of the homes are situated. This is a solid façade that provides the necessary protection and defines the area containing the private areas. Different textures and rhythms imposed will find, in their own diversity, the unity of the whole. A material balance between negatives and positives, creating a landscape of casings with changing textures.

进入建筑后，映入眼帘的是一面“绿植墙”，与建筑对面的马略卡大道和里埃拉水道相呼应。它由西班牙芦竹（arundo donax）组成，这是地中海地区河床中生长的典型植物物种。这面绿墙将引导人们进入充满绿植的内庭院，这是城市中的凉爽绿洲，为人们提供一种宁静的氛围。

On entering the building, you are greeted by a green wall of Spanish cane (Arundo Donax), typical of Mediterranean riverbeds, in a nod to the Riera of Paseo Mallorca opposite the building. The green wall leads you out onto the inner courtyard, where you are met by a cool oasis of vegetation and calm.

内庭院向上延伸，分布于不同楼层，创造出建筑的内部“绿肺”。在建筑的四层、六层和八层，均设有游泳池的景观露台。轻柔下落的瀑布是花园庭院的主要特征，瀑布倾泻到地面上，可以在夏天通过蒸腾作用为庭院降温，并提供一种令人放松的声音。

The inner courtyard, with its different levels, acts as an inner lung of vegetation and trees that continues upward until it reaches the landscaped terraces with pools on the fourth, sixth and eighth floors of the building. The courtyard garden features a gentle waterfall that cascades to the floor below, cooling the courtyard in the summer through evapotranspiration and creating a relaxing sound.

花园庭院作为空间的中央垂直轴线，将建筑中的绿色景观串联，并为内部公寓提供来自花园的交叉通风。它同时也将地下楼层串联起来，为地下室提供自然光线和绿色景观。地下室设有供住户使用的游泳池、健身房与水疗中心。

This courtyard also connects with below, providing lighting and vegetation to the basement which houses the residents’ pool, gym and spa, transforming it into a unifying vertical axis that links the building’s vegetation and allows cross-ventilation through the garden for all the homes.

住户的水疗区包括一个室内恒温游泳池、蒸汽浴室和更衣室。泳池旁是健身房，大面积的开窗允许人们俯瞰花园庭院。

The residents’ spa area, with walls and floors finished in natural stone, includes a heated indoor pool, steam bath and changing rooms. Next to the pool is the gym, with large windows overlooking the courtyard garden.

在材料选择方面，设计重点在于突出地中海特征、选择天然和当地的材料。在建筑内部，设计采用了简单的优质材料，例如由当地石材制成的实心门，或古老的青铜制品。饰面同样经过了精心挑选，考虑到每一个细节、质地和气味。

The selection of natural and local materials, highlighting the essence of the Mediterranean, has been very important. A simple palette of fine materials, such as solid doors made of local stone or pieces of aged bronze characterize the interiors of the homes at Paseo Mallorca 15. Finishes have been carefully selected for their quality, taking every detail, texture and smell into account.

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完整项目信息

Location: Paseo de Mallorca, 15

Completion date: 20/01/2022

Gross square footage: 4000m²

Client: RAMIS Promociones

Architecture and Interior Design: OHLAB / oliver hernaiz architecture lab

OHLAB team: Paloma Hernaiz, Jaime Oliver, Rebeca Lavín, Robin Harloff, Loreto Angulo, Pedro Rodríguez, Silvia Morais, Mercé Solar, M. Bruna Pisciotta, Tomislav Konjevod, José Allona, Claudio Tagarelli, Eleni Oikonomaki, Agustín Verdejo y Luis Quiles

Building engineer: Bartolomeu Tous

Structural Engineering consultant: HIMA Estructuras

Wooden facade: GRUPO GUBIA

Engineering consultants: AMM Technical group

Energy efficiency advisor: José Manuel Busquets, Anne Vogt

Landscape: Jonathan Bell

General contractor: Construcciones Regla de Oro S.L.

Photos: José Hevia

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