印尼传统屋顶的新译：分心之屋 / Ismail Solehudin Architecture

编辑：王子萱（实习） | 校对：李博超 | 2023.05.06 09:15

设计单位 Ismail Solehudin Architecture

项目地点 印度尼西亚雅加达

建成时间 2023年

建筑面积 420平方米

本文英文原文由设计单位提供。

客户在第一次见到我们时说：“我喜欢你们‘混乱’的设计。”这座房子可以用于成员众多的家庭的聚会祈祷，或者邻居一起进行诵读。建筑是一座有着“乔戈洛”屋顶的自然别墅，试图在日常生活中表达伊斯兰的习惯与风俗。

“I like your messy design” said the client when he first met us. Another point is the house which can be used for congregational prayer with big families which can up to dozens of members at one time or just religious recitations with neighbors, the feel of a natural villa with a joglo roof, and trying to apply Islamic values in everyday life.

“分心之屋”的空间营造

顾名思义，“distraction”是指让人分心的事情或行为。这个房子之所以叫做“分心之屋”（Distracted House），是因为一个设计手法——我们旋转了其中一个房间，使其能够朝向朝拜的方向。这个设计动作是我们对居民需求的回应，他们是一个大家庭，需要共同进行宗教活动，他们需要与他人有更多的接触。由此，我们获得了空间的特征的灵感来源，也获得了全新的建筑形式，其基本形式来自于传统的“乔戈洛”房子（joglo，一种源于印度尼西亚地区的乡土房）的屋顶。

As the name suggests, distractions are literally things or actions that distract. This house has been distracted because of one action of rotating one of the rooms so that it can face towards the qiblah, a design action that is our solution to the needs of the residents, worship religious activities together with a big family that can reach a lot of people. As a result of our actions, the character of the space that is obtained and also the new character building form, although the basic idea is from the roof of a traditional joglo house (a vernacular house roof originating from a region in Indonesia).

通过这样的设计手法，我们营造出房子中公共区域的空间体验感，建筑与现有土地形式的空间错位，给人造成一种混乱的印象。公共区域与旋转房间后“有机空间”的剩余部分并排，这些剩余部分被用作绿地、花园，也是风和自然光的来源。这一区域与房子的内部相融合，使这个公共区域看起来像一个有荫蔽的外部空间。同时，这里也通过被动设计，设置了透气的墙和天窗。

The character of the space obtained is a sense of spatial experience in the communal area, spatial disorientation from the existing landforms, causing a messy impression. the communal area is side by side with the remnants of organic space formed due to the effects of the distraction narrative. The remnants of the organic space created are functioned as green areas, dry gardens, sources of ventilation and natural light that blend with the inside of the house, making this communal area look like an shaded outside space. At the same time, this area is also a passive design strategic system with breathable walls and skylights.

“乔戈洛”屋顶下的神圣空间

建筑形式的特点来源于“乔戈洛”屋顶，这是居住者想要的理想形式，我们根据实际功能需求来应用和改造它。“Berunjung”（传统“乔戈洛”房屋屋顶上的术语，即高耸的屋顶）这种形式具有高耸的体量比例，它的下面是带夹层的房间及服务区。倾斜的屋顶被用来遮盖露台、车棚以及房屋内部。诠释“分心”的空间手法又增加了这种改造的新颖性，建筑的多数屋顶的方向被旋转到朝拜的方向，并增设了其他的空间特色。

The character of the building form begins with the use of a joglo roof (a vernacular house roof originating from a region in Indonesia) which is the dream of the occupants, we apply and transform it according to the function of the space. The berunjung (the term soaring roof on the roof of a traditional joglo house) which has the proportion of towering volumes is multiplied and below it harbourage the rooms with mezzanines and also the service area at the front. while the sloping roof is used to overshadow the terrace and carport as well as overhang the roof inside the house. Then the spirit of novelty of this transformation is strengthened by the effect of distracted narration, the change in the orientation most of the roofs which have been rotated towards the qiblah faced following the space below and giving a even more character recent after the transformation of the previous form.

以材料强化空间形式和建筑美感

在使用传统“乔戈洛”屋顶的同时，我们也选择了当地的粘土瓦屋顶材料。建筑所在地是一个古老的居住区，那里的建筑一般都采用倾斜的粘土瓦屋顶。我们希望这个建筑可以在与环境相融的同时，也拥有自己的特点，即使用印尼本土的屋顶的同时，也拥有现代的建筑语言。其他本地材料，如裸露的砖头、水泥、天然的石头和木材，也都被用在建筑外部，并延续到房子的内部。

At the same time as using the roof of the traditional joglo house the building appearance that is dominated by the roof with clay tiles, we also chose the use of clay tile roofing material which is familiar to Indonesian society, especially the surrounding environment where is an old settlement and generally has a roof slanted with clay tile material. Our efforts for this building can still blend in with the environment but has its own character with gthe use of vernacular Indonesian roofs which are transformed to be more contemporary but still reminiscent of the original form. Other familiar materials are used of exposed brick, exposed cement, natural stone, wood on the exterior which is then continued into the interior of the house.

房屋对于居住者的功能意义

这所房子是为了满足一个大家庭的会众祈祷的需要，在同一时间聚集较多的成员，为了解决这个问题，我们把一个公共空间（家庭室、用餐区、厨房的开放式空间）直接连接到祈祷室，祈祷室也可以根据需要，扩展到公共空间的区域，这个区域是面向朝拜方向的。

This house was made to meet the need for congregation prayer with a big family that can reach a lot of people at one time, in response to this issue we put a communal room (family room, dining area, kitchen with an open plan system) connected directly to the prayer room, so if needed the prayer room can expand directly to the area of the communal space which is facing towards the qibla.

在这所房子里，将有7位固定居住者，偶尔也会更多的家庭成员，可能会在周末、节假日或特殊日子留宿。在这个不算大的场地上，为了满足这些需求，我们为上层的房间做了一个夹层，这样在垂直方向上增加了体积，节省占用的场地面积。

In this house, there will be 7 permanent residents and occasionally dozens of people who are part of the big family who will often stay over at certain times, such as weekends and holidays or special days. With this not-too-large site, a mezzanine system is made for the rooms on the upper floors to accommodate these needs, so that the house doesn't take up too much site because it increases the volume of space in the vertical direction.

客户提出的另一件特别的事情，是顺应伊斯兰的习俗，他们希望这些点在日常生活中得以体现。如床垫的方向，至少脚不朝向朝拜方向，卫生间不朝向或与朝拜方向相抵。卫生间区域需要始终保持清洁，通过设置排水管，要能够直接清洗到地板区域，这样可以避免卫生间藏污纳垢。

Another special thing that clients need is to strive for Islamic values that they want to apply in their daily lives. such as the direction of the mattress, at least the feet do not face the Qibla, a toilet that does not face or defends the Qibla, a cleaning system in the toilet area that is prepared to always keep it clean from filth with provide drains that can directly water the closet floor area so that the cleanliness of the potential filth in area of the closet is preserved.