北京顺义国际学校改扩建：拼贴多元图景 / 和立建筑实践

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2022.03.07 19:44

设计单位 北京和立实践建筑设计咨询有限公司

项目地点 北京顺义

竣工时间 2020年

原有建筑面积 54,087平方米

扩建改建面积 6,636平方米

设计摘要

作为一种“去中心化”的主动型建筑更新策略，“学习社区蒙太奇”将北京顺义国际学校中的每个小型学习社区视为独立而与众不同的“图像”，并在原建筑框架基础上，创造了令人耳目一新的空间剪辑，从而将单调僵化的“机构建筑”转变为多元灵动的“教育建筑”。

A proactive architectural regeneration approach targeting at de-centralization, “Montage of Learning Communities” treats each small learning community within International School of Beijing as an “image” that is independent and distinctive from one another and creates a refreshing montage of spaces within the existing architectural framework, superseding the over-unified, rigid “institution building” with a versatile, dynamic “education architecture”.

改扩建项目包括五个高度开放和灵活的小型学习社区，其截然不同的色彩和场所塑造适应了学生的年龄和课程，从而激励这所国际学校打造最前沿的学习环境。

The expansion and renovation project consists of five highly open and flexible learning communities, each presented in different colors and placemaking adaptable to student ages and learning programs, aiming at motivating this leading school to evolve to the cutting edge of learning environment.

项目背景

北京顺义国际学校（简称ISB）是北京市最早成立的国际学校，从早教三岁班横跨到十二年级，由来自50多个国家的1650名学生组成。原教学楼是20年前建造的、总面积达5.4万平方米的“超级盒子”，虽然成功地将各个学部整合在同一个屋檐下，但过度统一的空间无法呈现学生与课程的多样性，而多样性恰恰是这所顶级国际学校的核心精神之一。

The first international school established in Beijing, International School of Beijing (ISB) is composed of approximately 1,650 students from Early Years 3 to Grade 12, representing around 50 countries. Although the original building, a 54,000-square-meter “super box” built around 20 years ago, successfully integrates the various departments under one roof, the over-unified spaces are unable to represent the diversity of students and learning programs, one of the core spirits of this leading international school.

学习社区蒙太奇

自2017年以来，设计团队与教育家和学校管理方合作，采用一种积极的建筑设计策略，将这所国际学校扩展并升级成为最前沿的学习环境。与大多数寻求中心化和一体化的设计不同，“学习社区蒙太奇”采用“去中心化”和“片段化”策略，将学校里的每个小型学习社区视为独立而与众不同的“图像”，在原建筑框架基础上，创造令人耳目一新的空间剪辑，从而将单调僵化的“机构建筑”转变为多元灵动的“教育建筑”。

Since 2017, the design team, in collaboration with educators and administrators, have implemented a proactive architectural approach to expand and transform this leading international school to the cutting edge of learning environment. Unlike most design solutions that seek centralization and integration, “Montage of Learning Communities” is a de-centralization and fragmenting approach that treats each small learning community within the school as an “image” independent and distinctive from one another and creates a refreshing montage of spaces within the existing architectural framework, thus superseding the over-unified, rigid “institutional building” with a versatile, dynamic “educational architecture”.

和而不同

作为启动整个校区升级的试点项目，改扩建设计包括五个小型学习社区，每个社区根据不同的学生年龄和课程，采用了截然不同的色彩和场所塑造。这些创新空间将刺激整个学校的新陈代谢，使之随着新兴学习社区的介入而不断进化。

As the pilot project to mobilize the whole school upgrade, the expansion and renovation design consists of five small learning communities, each presented in different colors and placemaking adaptable to student ages and learning programs. These innovative spaces are expected to stimulate the whole school’s metabolism to continue evolving along with more emerging learning communities planted in.

建筑立面

扩建建筑沿着现有建筑的东边和南边蜿蜒而行，丰富多彩的学习空间包裹在温暖柔和的外墙中，与原建筑严肃的外观对抗平衡，并在新旧交接中包容了年龄、时间与文化。

The expanded building serpentines along the east and south edge of the existing building, enclosing versatile spaces within a warm and soft building envelope, counterbalancing the solemn appearance of the original building, inclusive of ages, times and cultures through transition from old to new.

垂直遮阳板由天然木贴面树脂板和彩色千思板构成，以阻挡过多的阳光，降低能耗。小学艺术中心的遮阳板将色彩混合，好像调皮的小朋友将黄色油漆滴在了木板上。

The vertical sunshades are composed of natural wood veneer resin panels and Trespa panels to block out excessive sunlight and reduce energy consumption. The sunshades of the art classrooms of ES Arts Center are mixed in colors, like yellow paint dripping on the wood facade by a mischievous young child.

中学表演艺术中心的遮阳板角度看似随机，在阳光下呈现出不同的色调，实际上是设计师提取了一段乐章的旋律由软件编制而成。木色遮阳板代表着低音，黄色遮阳板象征着高音，二者共同构成一曲优美的二重奏。

The sunshades at the MS/HS Performing Arts Center, showing subtly different shades of colors in the sunlight with their seemingly random angles, are actually compiled by designers using software based on a piece of music. The duet of the wood finish representing low pitch and the yellow shades for high-pitch, produces a musical rhythm.

早教社区

早教社区采用瑞吉欧教学法，其设计旨在为孩子们创造一个宜人且真实的探索世界。扩建的内院以温柔的屋檐线勾画，将高大严肃的教学楼推到了孩子们的视线高度之外，并为原本清冷的庭院增添了趣味和亲和力。

Early Learning Community, based on Reggio Emilia approach, is designed to create a delightful, real world for children to explore. The extended inner courtyard is outlined with a soft roof form, pushing the tall and serious existing building beyond children’s eye level and adding fun and friendliness to the quiet yard.

社区内部被构想成一个“小镇”：中央是与室外直接相连的四季花园（室内游乐场）、沙滩（沙坑）、音乐厅（音乐教室）、画廊（美术教室）、餐厅（厨艺教室）等共享设施，周边环绕着滨河公园（五岁学习空间）、野餐草地（四岁学习空间）、秘密花园（三岁学习空间），最外围的则是带有阁楼的“居所”（教室）, 形成了开放至私密的空间序列。

Envisioned as a little “town”, the interior space is organized with a gradient of open-to-private spaces, including the central all-season garden (Indoor Playground) that is directly connected to outdoor, beach (Sandpit), concert hall (Music Classroom), gallery (Art Classroom), restaurant (Learner’s Kitchen), and other shared facilities, surrounded with riverfront esplanade (Kindergarten Learning Space), picnic lawns (PreK 4 Learning Space), a Secret Garden (PreK 3 Learning Space), and townhouses (Classrooms) with attics at peripheral.

尽管吊顶吸音板造型和一些家具依稀喻示着故事线中的树木、野餐或河流的意象，设计整体呈现出的是抽象的造型与朴素的色彩。教室之间，或与公共空间之间，都可以利用折叠门完全开放，形成很强的互动性和适应力。

Although the articulated sound-absorptive ceiling panels and some of the furniture subtly suggest imagery of trees or rivers in the storyline, the concept of a little town is conveyed in highly abstract design forms. Between most classrooms and common spaces or adjacent classrooms, folding doors can be fully opened, forming strong interactivity and adaptability.

小学艺术中心

小学艺术中心是专门为满足小学的小艺术家、表演者和观众需求而设计的，其核心是一个400座的多功能剧场，根据小学生尺度和小学特有的表演方式定制设计。剧场通过机械控制，可切换成为镜框式剧场、葡萄园式剧场和开放大厅三种模式。

ES Arts Center is expressly designed for young artists, performers and audiences, the center of which is a 400-seat multifunctional theater, custom-designed to small human scale and elementary school requirements of performance, assemblies and rehearsals. With theater mechanics, it can be switched into three modes including a proscenium theater, a vineyard theater and an open hall.

小学剧场以建筑声学的最高标准设计，支持自然声表演，成为专业级表演艺术殿堂。色彩生动的剧场前厅还可以用于举办展览和聚会，同时为接送孩子的家长提供了等候空间，自然而然地成为小学艺术社区的“精神”中心。

ES Theater, designed to the highest building acoustical standards, has become an academic performing arts venue. The colorful theater pre-function hall can also be used for exhibition and gatherings, and providing waiting space for parents to pick up their children, making it a natural “soul” space for ES community.

小学图书馆

小学图书馆旨在设计成为一个吸引小读者的“WOW空间”。改造后的图书馆以依托现状楼梯的“山地”造型为亮点，含蓄表达了“高山流水觅知音”的中国文人精神内涵。

ES Library is designed as a WOW space to attract young readers and featured with the terraces remodeled from an existing stair, expressing the spiritual connotation of Chinese literati, “searching for a soulmate among high mountains and flowing water”.

图书馆没有采用常规座椅，而是遍布了适合低龄孩子的台阶、坐垫、软椅、坐凳和“洞穴”。图书馆中庭作为大讲堂，用于上图书馆课和举办作者的签书活动。狭窄的现状通道则被塑造成为供个人安静阅读的世外桃源。这里同小学艺术中心相连，共同构成了小学的核心设施。

The library is filled with steps, cushions, soft chairs, benches and “caves” favored by young children. The atrium functions as a lecture hall for library seminars and book-signing events. An existing narrow passage has been transformed into a paradise for individual reading and quiet times. This hideaway is connected to the ES Arts Center, collaboratively forming the core facility of Elementary School.

中学设计中心

中学设计中心是一个融设计、视觉艺术和表演艺术为一体的集中式艺术社区。中学设计中心旨在科学、技术、工程、艺术和数学等各学科的综合学习，并展示设计与创业课程，用以激发学生创建原型和迭代思想。

A centralized design and art facility, MS/HS Design Center is designed for integrated learning in science, technology, engineering, art and math, and showcasing design and entrepreneurship that challenge students to create prototypes and iterative ideas.

合作空间是设计中心的核心所在，本质上是个“超级工坊”，可以通过隔段分隔成五个不同尺度的封闭或半封闭的工作室。其周围环绕各类“资源”房间，用以辅助跨学科和项目制学习课程。

Highly open and inspiring, the Center is designed around the Collaborative Space which is practically a super workshop with flexibility to be divided into 5 enclosed or semi-closed studios in various sizes, surrounded by a variety of “resource” rooms, to facilitate trans-disciplinary and project-based learning programs.

设计中心入口的画廊，不仅是学校主走廊到设计中心的流畅过渡，而且将中学表演艺术中心与设计中心融为一体。“明日画廊”的氛围前卫而别致，成为中学生最愿意停留的社交空间和表演场所。

Located at the main entrance of Design Center, the Gallery not only serves as a fluid transition from the school main corridor to the Design Center, but also integrates the common spaces of Design Center and Performing Arts Center. Chic and elegant, this “Gallery of Tomorrow” turns out to be the most popular space for social gathering and performing in the secondary school.

中学表演艺术中心

中学表演艺术中心是北京市规模最大的中学表演艺术社区，包括在声学、照明等方面专业设计的表演艺术教室，以及乐队、交响乐团、合唱、戏剧、舞蹈等各类排练室。其布局独特，公共空间紧邻外墙并直接采光，多数教室和排练厅则布置在后端，采用间接采光。

The largest secondary school performing arts community in Beijing, MS/HS Performing Arts Center consists of performing arts classrooms and band, orchestra, choir, drama and dance practice rooms with professional design in acoustics and lighting. It is planned in a unique layout with common spaces adjacent to exterior envelop and receiving direct daylight, while most practice rooms are located at the back end with indirect daylight.

交响乐团排练厅以最高声学标准设计，其目标是让每个小音乐家清晰地听到同伴的演奏，指挥也可以分辨出每个乐手的声音。壳状的室内造型直接来源于最佳声学模型，旨在将回响系数调整至最佳，从而最大化的保留原声和一次反射声。壳状造型由背衬吸声或反声材料的三角形穿孔板塑造而成，充满了音乐的律动，并延伸到整个表演艺术中心。

The Orchestra Room is designed to the highest acoustical standards, with the goal that each musician can clearly hear his/her peers and that the conductor can distinguish each player’s sound. The shell shape of Orchestra Room is derived from the ideal acoustic model that optimizes the reverberation coefficient to maximize the original and primary reflective sound. It is constructed with triangular perforated panels with sound absorptive or reflective materials behind, filled with sensation of music that extends to the entire performing arts center.