柔和而自然：路德维希堡Fuchshof路小学 / VON M

设计单位  VON M

项目地点  德国路德维希堡

建成时间  2023年

建筑面积  8,820平方米

本文英文原文由VON M提供。

在德国路德维希堡西部，一座新的5.5年制小学教学楼，沿着Fuchshof路新开发区向北延伸。设计希望塑造出“装满书的书架矗立在操场上”的建筑形象，将理想化的学校学习，即知识传授和社交互动，转译成一栋混合木结构建筑。建筑坐落在一片流动起伏的户外场地中，三个楼层的天花板像书架一样向外悬挑，为师生提供了活动空间。

In the west of Ludwigsburg, the new 5.5-track primary school building stretches northwards along the new development area of Fuchshofstrasse. Based on the design image of a filled bookshelf on a playground, this ideal of school learning between knowledge transfer and social interaction was translated into a timber hybrid building. The three ceiling panels cantilever outwards like shelves and offer the school community space for appropriation and individual filling in the middle of a flowing outdoor area.

通过切割一楼的空间体量，设计创造出一个有顶棚的区域，迎接孩子们的到来。该区域与行政区域平行布置，与为教职工设置的房间为邻，从而促进了师生之间的接触。进入教学楼后，便来到了教学楼的核心区域——楼梯大厅。

A covered area cut into the building cubature on the first floor welcomes the children and runs parallel to the administration area, alongside the rooms for the school staff, thus promoting contact between students and teachers. As you enter the building, you find yourself in the actual heart of the building - the large stair hall.

一个设计独特的木制楼梯与露天区域相连接，并沐浴在方格梁天窗带来的充裕阳光下。楼梯大厅不仅是入口区和运动场之间的平滑过渡，也作为休息和公共区域，是非正式交流的场所。此外，这里也为各楼层起到连接和分流作用。

A strikingly designed wooden staircase comes through the open air space and is illuminated by a generous skylight with coffered beams. The staircase hall not only provides a smooth transition between the entrance area and the schoolyard, but also serves as a break and communal area as a place for informal interaction. The staircase hall is also the link and distributor to the individual floors.

餐厅位于楼梯大厅的东侧，具有多功能用途，与之相邻的活动室厨房是一个开放式的功能性会议场所。建筑两侧的大型玻璃窗为公共活动室提供了充足的日光，并在视觉上将室内外区域连接起来。

The cafeteria is located on the eastern side of the central stair hall, which impresses with its multifunctional use and the adjoining club kitchen as an open, functional meeting place. Large-scale glazing on both sides of the building floods the common room with daylight and connects the interior with the outside area.

学校社区和学习组团的空间区分

Spatial differentiation between school community and learning group

在高层，中央楼梯大厅的两侧各有一个为学习设计的空间组团。每个组团都有一个清晰的空间中心，即为组团提供自然光照的内部庭院。专家室、日托室和融合室分布在楼梯大厅的两侧，并将两个学习组团连接到一起。

On the upper floors, there is a learning cluster on each side of the central stair hall. Illuminated by the inner courtyard, a clear spatial center is organized and indicates the ideal center of the learning group. Specialist, day care and inclusion rooms are organized flanking the staircase hall and connect the learning clusters with each other.

在楼梯的前后两侧，各有一个内向的混凝土核心，容纳了卫生间等所有的服务设施。各个教室与学习组团相连，教室与旁边的绿廊阳台之间设置了至少三扇落地窗。阳台除了作为逃生阳台，还可用作休息空间，让师生便捷地呼吸到新鲜空气。阳台周围的铁丝网起到防坠落的作用，同时允许充足的日光照射进教室。

In between, there are interior concrete cores containing all the service facilities, such as the sanitary facilities for the individual learning units. Connected to the clusters are the individual classrooms, which are connected to the surrounding, pergola-like balcony by at least three French windows. This not only serves as an escape balcony, but can also be used as a break room and allows quick and easy access to fresh air. A wire mesh serves as fall protection for the surrounding balcony and at the same time allows plenty of daylight into the classrooms.

材料和色彩看重可持续发展诉求

Materials and colors underline the sustainable claim of the school building

在混凝土结构的地下室狭窄的两侧，有两个应急楼梯，它们也起到了加固建筑的作用。由预制构件组成的木结构与这些坚固的混凝土结构配合紧密。十字形的木柱在空间上构建了平面轴网，赋予其尺度和韵律。木柱、胶合梁和交叉层压木板一起，完成了建筑骨架中的支撑结构。

Two emergency staircases rise up on the narrow sides of the concrete basement, which also serve to reinforce the building. The timber construction made of prefabricated elements develops between this solid structure: Crossshaped timber columns with their striking form structure the floor plan spatially, give it measure and rhythm and, together with glulam beams and cross-laminated timber panels, complete the supporting structure in the skeleton construction.

由于所有木制构件都是预制构件，因此教学楼的建造可以不受天气影响，并实现低排放和低成本——这也首先得益于所有施工参与人员的仔细工作，因为必须通过非常精准的合作，才能使这些预制木结构与施工场地上现浇的混凝土协调匹配。

Thanks to the weather-independent prefabrication of all timber components, the school building could be erected with low emissions and at low cost - this was also and above all made possible by the precise work of all those involved in the construction, as the planning for the timber construction in prefabrication ultimately had to be very precisely coordinated with the tolerances of the in-situ concrete on the construction site.

教学楼的内部装饰以天然材料和色彩为特色。地板上铺设了带有可可壳纹理的油毡，天花板采用了隔音效果良好的天然木丝，柱子、门和家具采用了釉面木构件，和裸露粗糙的混凝土相得益彰，组成了大气、沉稳的基本色调。包括卫生设施在内的整个室内空间，突出了一种没有性别偏向的中性色彩概念。

The interior of the school building is characterized by natural materials and colors: a linoleum floor with embedded pieces of textured cocoa shells, natural, acoustically effective wood wool ceiling elements and glazed wooden components for columns, doors and furniture complement the atmospheric, calm basic tone with a rough-sawn exposed concrete structure, while the colour concept is accentuated throughout the interior spaces, including the sanitary facilities, and deliberately focuses on a gender-neutral character.

色彩不仅作为一种设计元素，也是一种定位和识别手段。色彩概念还体现在组团内部，例如为该学校定制的家具上。这些家具可以根据社群互动的需要将桌子和凳子组合成各种形状，从圆形到蛇形，不一而足。

The colors serve not only as a design element, but also as a means of orientation and identity. The color concept is also reflected in the clusters, which include furniture specially made for the Fuchshofschule that can be arranged as table and bench combinations in various community-building shapes, from circles to serpentine lines.

这样，从室外空间到公共区域，从学习组团的社群建设中心到实际教室，设计理念得到了充分表达。

The design concept thus comes full circle from the outdoor spaces to the communal areas and the community-building centers of the learning clusters to the actual classrooms.

设计图纸 ▽

完整项目信息

PROJECT NAME: FHS Grundschule Fuchshofstraße, Ludwigsburg

ADDRESS: Fuchshofstraße 53

CLIENT: Stadt Ludwigsburg, Wilhelmstraße 11, 71638 Ludwigsburg

PLACE: 71638 Ludwigsburg

SCOPE VON M: LPH 1 - 8 HOAI

COMPLETION: January 2023

ARCHITECT: VON M

TEAM: Felix Eiffler, Felix Haas, Antonio Carvalho, Michael Knoth, Jürgen Grünauer

COSTS: 17,9 Mio EUR

FLOOR AREA:

GFA 8,820 m2

NFA 5,880 m2

GBV 30,500 m3

PHOTOGRAPHY: Zooey Braun (www.zooeybraun.de ; @zooey.braun on Instagram)

COLLABORATORS:

Structural Engineering - Werner Sobek Stuttgart AG

Building Physics - Bauphysik 5

Building Plot - Bergmann Geotechnik

HVS-Installation - IWP Ingenieurleistungen

Electro Installation - IGW Ingenieure

Outdoor Facilities - Koeber Landschaftsarchitektur

Fire Protection - Trias Brandschutzpplanung

Kitchen Design - Ingenieurbüro Inglus Gbr

Project Controlling - Alber Schulze Baumanagement

HSE - Klinger Und Partner

Structural Analysis - Jürgen Eisele

BUILDER:

Structural Work - Moser GmbH & Co. KG, Niederlassung Stuttgart

Wood Construction - muellerblaustein Holzbau GmbH

Mullion-Transom Facade - Walter Lang GmbH & Co. KG

Dry Construction - YA Ausbau GmbH & Co. KG

Paintwork - YA Ausbau GmbH & Co. KG

Stainless Steel Cable Net - Eckert Glas- und Metallbau GmbH

Wooden Balcony Grate - Eckert Glas- und Metallbau GmbH

Screed - HG Bau GmbH

Ceiling Covering - ILIBASIC Akustik und Trockenbau

Locksmith Work - Integral Metallbau GmbH

Interior Doors/ Wall Panelling - Zeeb Innenausbau

Flooring - Dieter Holschbach GmbH

MANUFACTURERS:

Tiling - LETA Bau GmbH

Sanitary Partitions - Schäfer Trennwandsysteme GmbH

Bulit-In-Furniture - Alfred Kiess GmbH

Heat Supply - Maier Heiztechnik GmbH

Air Conditioning - i-on engineering GmbH

Sanitary Facilities - Heizungs- und Sanitärtechnik Schmid GmbH

Isolation Technology - Gebrüder Esposito Isoliertechnik GmbH

Building Automation - SE-Gebäudeautomation AG

Electrical Installation - Hans Eisele GmbH

Kitchen Installation - GERHARD BECKER GROSSKÜCHEN

Elevator - KONE GmbH

Outdoor Facilities - Link GmbH

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