“木头蜘蛛网”巴塞罗那公寓酒店，Tembo BCN suites / aZCON+HYBRIDa

编译：袁蓓祺 | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2024.06.19 14:59

设计单位 aZCON Architectures+HYBRIDa Arquitectes

项目地点 西班牙巴塞罗那

建成时间 2023年

面积 30,000平方米

本文英文原文由aZCON Architectures提供。

位于巴塞罗那Fòrum地区的新公寓式酒店，TEMBO BCN Suites，是由Stahler Real State集团在2017年举办的国际邀请赛的成果，HYBRIDa与aZCON建筑工作室组成的团队，在比赛中获胜。

The new apart-hotel in the Fòrum area of Barcelona, TEMBO BCN Suites, is the building resulting from the international invitation competition convened by Stahler Real State Group, a competition won by the team formed by the architectural studios, HYBRIDa/aZCON in 2017.

城市层面

URBAN PROPOSAL

地块的物理条件、宽裕的面积和良好的朝向为建筑的体量组织提供了条件。为了节约能源和建筑材料，以及最大限度地利用良好的日照条件和海景，该建筑在形式上的独特性和密集的土地占用之间寻求平衡。建筑面积超过28,000平方米，地面层和一层的基座在体积上符合地块的规划限制，“V”字排布的两座18层塔楼能尽览美景，并与附近的塔楼形态相呼应。

The physical conditions of the plot, of generous dimensions and very good orientation, condition the volumetric organization. The building seeks a balance between formal singularity and intensive soil occupation to favor energy and constructive savings, on the one hand, and to achieve the maximum of free space, which takes advantage of the good insolation conditions and views of the sea. With a constructed area of more than 28,000 m2, the building, volumetrically, translates into a plinth of ground and first floor that fits in the limits of the plot and a double body in the shape of a V that rises to the 18th floor seeking the best views and recognizing the morphology of the towers of the immediate environment.

建筑的主要入口位于道路拐角处。一楼和二楼的楼道汇往并强调了一条主通道，主通道与可通往建筑各处的大堂相连接。在大堂的尽头，由四部电梯竖向连接整座大楼，并在两座塔楼的连接处下客。经由这个大厅还可以进入一个户外大楼梯，通往地面层和一层的所有功能区，如商店、酒吧、餐厅、露台等。

The main access to the apart-hotel occurs from the corner formed at the intersection between Ramon de Penyafort Street and Carrer Llull. The flight of the first and second floors indicates and focuses the main access that leads to a large lobby where all accesses to the building take place. At the end of the lobby, a package of four elevators connects the entire building in height, and which disembark in the part where the two towers connect. Through this lobby, we also access a large outdoor staircase that unfolds over the two floors of the plinth, touring and providing access to all the program located on the ground floor and first floor, shops, bar, restaurant, outdoor terraces, lounge bar at night, etc.

功能

FUNCTIONALITY

项目共有270个房间。塔楼的布局避免了内部房间，所有房间都有一个面向大海或河流景观的阳台，也都可以直接晒到太阳。

It is a building of 270 rooms plus services, all of which have direct sun exposure in the morning or afternoon and all overlook the sea, the Besòs, or the Llobregat. Each of the towers is of a single bay, avoiding interior rooms. Therefore, all rooms have a balcony facing the facade and views, and all have access via walkways.

此外，建筑中有两种不同属性的空间：一种是“指定的”空间，如房间或公寓，以及地面层的各种功能区；另一种是“未指定的”空间，如建筑中庭的悬挑空间。前者采用的是更为传统和严谨的建筑体系；后者则可根据不同的用途、要求和变化进行塑形，采用轻质结构系统悬挂、连接在主结构上。这形成了强烈的对比，在形态、质地和材料方面都显得丰富多彩，也构成了该建筑的特色之一。

However, the building is created by the set of two spatial and constructive logics: one for the "designated" spaces such as the rooms or apartments and program on the ground floor and another for the "Unassigned" spaces such as the hanging spaces in the Atrium. The designated space part responds to a more conventional and rigid construction system. The rest (the Unassigned) works as a cartilage, moldable to different actions, requirements and uses, and created with a lightweight construction system, and attached and hanging from the main structure, which strongly contrasts with this and gives it an exuberant aspect, both in morphology and texture and materiality, this being one of the singularities of the building.

建筑品质和外立面

ARCHITECTURAL QUALITY AND FAÇADES

塔楼的每一个外立面都采用了两种不同的表皮。

The towers will be treated with two different membranes for each of their facades:

所有的露台都设在塔楼朝向大海的外部立面，这里设有两层表皮：一层是带玻璃的隔热层，另一层是则是沿轮廓展开的金属板。从远处看时，金属板强调了塔楼的体积和形状，但从房间内又可以透过它清晰地看到外面的景色。这种围护结构既削弱了过于猛烈的阳光，又像顶蓬一样提供了保护。

The outer membrane of each tower, facing the sea, where all the terraces are located, is conceived with two skins. One of thermal closure with glazing and the second with deployed sheet metal panels that reinforce the volume and shape of the tower from afar, but allowing clear views from the rooms. This envelope performs as a solar filter and a canopy.

而塔楼朝向内部中庭区的立面，就像覆盖着由木头制成的蜘蛛网。“蛛网”覆盖着前面提到的“未指定的”软性空间和一些其他区域。这里利用了巴塞罗那的气候优势，根据所覆盖的空间朝向及用途，形成不同透明度的半室外空间。

On the other hand, the inner membrane of the towers, resembles a spider web of wood, it is this cartilaginous, and soft space we spoke of, which wraps both spaces and covers the Atrium. It is a semi-outdoor space that takes advantage of Barcelona's climate to become a pergola in different degrees of transparency depending on the orientation and the spaces it covers, and the use given to them.

参数化设计

PARAMETRIC DESIGN

该建筑的许多部分都是使用参数化软件设计的，其中一些采用了自生成形态的算法，而另一些则是简单的参数化建模。其中，中庭是通过一种自动生成形态的算法，计算开发出两座塔楼“断开”产生的间隙裂缝空间，其形态以多边形语言为特征。在计算过程中，我们寻求创建一种额外的空间，并安装在裂缝空间中。这些体量将承载悬挑会议室、“未指定空间”和其他休闲场所，如无线网络工作区、图书馆或托儿所，所有这些额外空间都由“木制蛛网”覆盖。

Many parts of the building have been designed using parametric software, some with algorithmic processes of self-generation of form, and others simply in parametric modeling. The Atrium, for example, the interstitial ripped space generated when the two towers has been broken and separated to orient them to the views, has been developed computationally, through an algorithm that automatically generated the morphologies, with this poligonalized language that characterizes it. On the computational generation, we were seeking to the creation of an extra program fitted in the heterogenius final ripped morphologies. These volumes or forms will host the hanging meeting rooms,(Unassigned spaces) and other recreational spaces, such as wi-fi work area, a library, or a nursery, all covered by this fabric or cartilage.

这一过程是通过数据和参数（可用于此用途的总面积、更好的采光方向、防火区域的限制、体量的结构承载力）的交叉进行的。通过软件进行组合时，会产生无限的体积选项，供我们选择。

This process has been carried out with the crossing of data and parameters (total m2 available for this use, better orientation to light, restrictions of fire areas, structural capacity of the volumes), which when combined through the software, this generates infinite volumetric options, for us to choose the most convenient or efficient one.