立体“书山绿岛”：西安高新一中（高中部）改扩建暨社会共享停车场建设项目 / 中建西北院屈培青工作室

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2023.12.07 11:04

建筑设计团队 中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司屈培青工作室

项目地址 陕西西安

交付时间 2023年8月

总建筑面积 7.85万平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

“我们希望创造一所面向未来、自然生长的立体化校园，学生们不再受到城市密集逼仄空间的制约。身处校园之中，就如在城市中漂浮的绿岛雨林中穿梭，书声琅琅，拾级而上，通过立体的交通廊道，到达空中平台，享受天空田野，雨水花园，在开放舒朗的空间中交流学习，留下记忆中最闪亮的青春时光。”

"It is our vision to create a future-oriented, naturally-grown, and three-dimensional campus where students are no longer constrained by the dense and deprived spaces of the city. Being in the campus is like travelling through a floating urban rainforest, surrounded by the sound of knowledge-seeking conversations. Climbing up the steps, passing through the horizontal corridors to the sky-platforms, as well as studying in the soothing open-space, under the sky and within the field, will, as we hope, become the most shining youthful moments in students’ memories."

在我国城市发展逐渐进入到精细化的新时期下，建筑的设计、建设、使用三个环节的融会贯通是提升建筑品质的关键源头。如何在一线实践工作中去落实相关要求，也成为了设计团队所面临的主要挑战。

The interconnected nature of buildings’ design, construction and application is the key of improving building quality. In the current era, where China's urban development is approaching into a new period of refinement, the implement of regulations in the front-line practice has become the main challenge for design teams.

西安高新第一中学（简称西安高新一中）创办于1995年，2009年学校被批准为陕西省首批示范高中。建校27年以来，数千名学子由此踏入了世界名校的大门，创造了一个又一个的辉煌，是西安高新区一张靓丽的“名片”，更是高新区持续发展的核心竞争力之一。

Xi'an Gaoxin No.1 High School was founded in 1995. It was approved as one of the first batch of model high schools in Shaanxi Province in 2009. The school adheres to the motto of "innovating for the time, making the best use of talents”. In the past 27 years since the establishment, thousands of students have stepped into the door of the world's most famous schools, creating one after another brilliant achievements. Excelling itself from the others, it has been acknowledged and regarded as a school that students aspire to enroll in and parents prefer with. It is a beautiful "business card" of Xi'an High-tech Zone, most importantly, a core competitiveness of the sustainable development within the High-tech Zone.

本次项目为西安高新一中高中部校区，位于西安高新区腹地，用地面积约45.6亩，东临唐延路，南临科技三路。现状由三栋教学楼和一栋宿舍楼组成。随着城市核心区域的快速发展，以及国家新高考改革背景下对办学条件的更高需求，高新一中高中部面临着校内各类教学空间不足、校外交通拥堵等多重压力，原有校园亟需进行更新改造。

This project is located in the heart of Xi'an Gaoxin District, with a site area of 45.6 acres, bordering Tangyan Road to the East and Keji No.3. Road to the South. The current site consists of three teaching buildings and one dormitory building. As the urban core area is developing rapidly and the demand of school’s operational condition is increasing, in the context of the new National College Entrance Examination Reform, many schools are facing challenges such as the lack of sufficient spaces, traffic congestion and as such. As the matter of fact, the original campus is in an urgent need of renewal and reconstruction.

从城市和教育两个维度的梳理之后，项目以“书山绿岛，拾级而上”为概念目标，并明确了两个建设原则——“校社共享”和“立体化”。在此基础上，本项目设计团队与校方、政府相关部门、建设单位协同研判，形成了以下三个项目定案策略——

With the regard to two dimensions from the city and education, the project takes the conceptual goal of ‘stepping up the book mountain and green island ’, as well as the two constructional principles of ‘shared campus space’ and ‘three-dimensionality’. On such basis, the following strategies are formed under the collaboration between the design team, the school management committee, government departments and construction units.

1. 扩大规模，集约布局，立足城市区域整体协调；

2. 校社共享，立体功能，解决校园内外困境问题；

3. 简约现代，为时创新，引领城市风貌新景新象。

1. Expanding the scale, congregating the layout, and locating on the overall coordination of the urban area

2. Sharing between the school and communities, functioning in three-dimension, and solving the problem of internal and external problems of the campus.

3. Simplifying into the modern term, innovating for the time, and creating the new cityscape and images.

本项目伊始于2021年8月，历经两年的设计建设期，于2023年8月底正式交付。项目名称——西安高新第一中学（高中部）改扩建暨社会共享停车场建设项目充分体现了前期策划中不同维度的定案。

The project started in August 2021 and was officially delivered at the end of August 2023 after a 2-year design and construction period. The project’s name (Xi’an Gaoxin No.1 High School (High School) Expansion and Social Shared Car Park Construction Project) fully reflects the different meanings in the pre-planning phrase.

项目总建筑面积78549.31平方米，地上总建筑面积49886.68平方米（其中计容面积48831.17平方米），地下总建筑面积28662.63平方米，容积率1.61。项目原建筑保留原主教学楼（博学楼），其余辅助建筑予以更新重建。

It has a total construction area of 78,549.31 square metres, which includes a ground construction area of 49,886.68 square metres (including 48,831.17 square meters of capacity), and an underground construction area of 28,662.63 square metres. The design retains one original teaching building, leaving the rest to be renewed and rebuilt.

新建建筑包含综合教学楼（含宿舍）、架空操场（含架空下体育馆和报告厅）、下沉庭院及庭院周边教学辅助空间、地下2层停车区和室外交通连廊。设计团队从城市、校园、造型、功能、成本的建设全程中赋予相关理念和管控措施，保证了项目的完整落地。

New buildings consist of one comprehensive teaching building (including dormitories), a lifted playground (including a gymnasium and a lecture hall), a sunken courtyard, an underground parking area and a long outdoor corridor. The design team has applied concepts and controlling-measures, from the city, campus, form, function and cost, during the whole construction process to ensure the integrity of the project.

▲ 设计介绍视频 ©中建西北院屈培青工作室

城市

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尊重城市肌理，传承兼顾发展

为了最大程度利用原有建筑、保留校园场所记忆，我们在改扩建设计中保留了校园西北角原有教学楼博学楼，并将延续其功能继续使用。在剩余的有限用地内，将原200米操场扩大至300米标准大小；综合考虑周边住宅日照及规范退距等因素，将新建学校建筑区域形成U型布局设置在用地南侧，300米架空操场布置于用地东侧。

In order to maximise the use of the original buildings and retain the memory of the campus, the design team has retained one original teaching building in the north-west corner of the campus. The original 200-metres-playground is expanded to a standard size of 300-metres-playground in the remaining site.

整体规划呈现出“西主南辅、西静东动、西低中高”的特点，校园西侧主出入口、综合教学楼U型区和博学楼东侧三处庭院空间。三院直接互相贯通，张弛有度，较原建筑割裂的校园空间更适合于小地块中的将室外空间形成最大化感受的效果。

Considering the sunlight condition and the condition of standardised setbacks, the new school buildings are designed in a U-shape layout on the south side of the site. The general planning presents the characteristics of ‘West Main South Auxiliary, West Static East Dynamic, West Low Middle High’. The main entrance is set on the west side of the site. The three courtyards are surrounded by the new U-shaped buildings and others. It creates a small plot of land than the original split space, interlinked to each other to optimise the outdoor experience.

校园

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立体组织流线，校社多维共享

项目流线组织结合规划布局和策划定位，基本分为校园内部流线和校社共享流线。校园内部流线主要体现了立体化校园的特点。我们保留教学楼、综合教学楼和架空运动场三处主建筑体，结合西侧主入口之间利用室外连廊进行连接，形成类十字型的立体交通空间。

The project’s traffic is organised on the planning layout and the project positioning, which can be divided into internal traffic for the campus and external traffic for the public. The previous reflects the main characteristics of a three-dimensional campus. The three main buildings of the campus are connected with an outdoor corridor on the west side, forming a cross-shaped and three-dimensional traffic space.

校社共享流线主要由两处作为起始点：一处是架空操场的东南角部，由楼电梯组合在校园围墙外形成社会群众进入校园共享区域的入口，可直接进入地下停车区、室内体育馆和300米操场区域，主要解决校社共享中社区运动配套和停车两个问题；另一处是下沉庭院西侧，此区域与地下停车场直接联通，组织开车接送学生的家长集中等候。

The traffic for public starts from two main points. One is the southeastern corner of the lifted playground. It allows the public to the enter the shared areas of the campus, which include the underground parking area, indoor gymnasium and the 300-metre playground. It can provide public facilities of sports and parking. The other entrance locates on the west side of the sunken courtyard, which is directly connected to the underground car park, allowing parents to drop off the students in the waiting area.

造型

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书山拾级而上，绿岛节能减噪

项目建筑风貌充分考虑高新一中的“高新名片”效应和高新区发展定位两大要素。设计以简洁而有力的语言来诠释高新一中的文化特质，学校色彩以灰白色为主色调，辅以校标中的浅黄色于立面和浅蓝色于运动场。建筑形体采用纯粹的几何体块，新建综合教学楼从唐延路开始拾级而上，通过书山绿岛的理念既体现了对城市界面的尊重，同时塑造高新一中多元、开放、创新的教育理念。

The shapes of the project are considered under the ‘Gaoxin Business Card’ effect and the two main elements of development-positions of the Gaoxin District.The design apply a simple but powerful language to interpret its cultural natures, with the colour of grey and white as the main-tone, as well as the colour of yellow and light blue as the secondary colour on both facade and the playground. Pure geometrical blocks are adopted to. The new comprehensive teaching building ascends upwards from the Tangyan Road, in which it reflects the respect towards the urban interface. The design shows an educational concept of ‘diversified, open and innovative’.

建筑灰白色主墙面主要采用通层通高的划分模式，为保证效果，造型的外轮廓区域采用单层通高的蜂窝铝板，综合教学楼南北主墙面窗洞口上下沿选用铝型材直线拉通；同时因综合楼实验单元延展面延城市主干道（唐延路）且向西，故从减噪和遮阳的角度，我们在本次项目的唐延路界面采用了多层通高的穿孔金属百叶。建成后，其一方面达到了外立面造型简约现代又不失创新的目标，另一方面通过现场实测，减噪和遮阳也达到了很好的效果。

The grey and white facade mainly adopts the division model of through-layer and through-height. In order to ensure a good quality, single-layer and through-height honeycomb aluminium panels are applied on the outer contour areas. The upper and lower edges of the window openings on the north and south main walls of the comprehensive teaching building are made of aluminium straight line. Moreover, as the experimental units of the comprehensive building are located on the main road, multiple layers of through-height perforated metal louvers are applied on the facade to reduce the noise and shield from the sun. In general, the design is able to achieve the goal of a simple and modern style without losing innovation, as well as the results of a good performance in noise reduction and sun-shading.

综合楼西立面遮阳百叶细部墙身节点摄影：存在建筑-建筑摄影；绘图：中建西北院屈培青工作室

功能

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集约功能组织，安全并行高效

建成的高新一中高中部教学规模为36班，校园内部管控在规划建设的基础上从功能分布和管理流线组织上均进行了更为紧密的贴合利用，并结合教育理念形成了一系列同类型建筑中的差异化空间。校园内部功能分为主教学区域、社团活动区域、行政综合区域、生活宿舍区域、生活配套区域、运动演艺区域和设施设备区域七个版块。

The completed Gaoxin No.1 Middle School has the scale of 36 classes. The internal control of the campus is based on the planning and construction of a closer fit in terms of the distribution of functions and the organisation of the management flow. It also incorporates educational concepts to form a series of differentiated spaces within the same building type.The internal functions of the campus are divided into seven sections: the main teaching area, the club activities area, the administrative area, the dormitory area, the supporting area, the sports and art area and the equipment area.

主教学区域分布在保留教学楼、综合教学楼实验单元和综合单元，共含标准教室56间、实验教室15间，可充分满足新高考要求下的走班制教学需求。社团活动区域布局在综合教学楼综合单元7—10层，以舞蹈、音乐、陶艺、美术等社团使用为主。

The main teaching area is distributed on the 2nd-5th floors of the reserved teaching building, the 3rd-5th floors of the experimental building and the 2nd-5th floors of the comprehensive teaching building. It includes 56 standard classrooms and 15 experimental classrooms, which can fully meet the demands of the new College Entrance Examination Requirements of the classroom system. The club activity area is on the 7th-10th floors of the comprehensive teaching building for the clubs of dance, music, ceramics, art and so on.

行政综合区域布局在保留教学楼1层和综合教学楼综合单元6层，一方面可直接接待外来人员，另一方面也可纵览校园全景。生活宿舍区域分布在综合教学楼宿舍单元4—13层，其中4—12层为学生宿舍，每层均设置宿管用房，13层为临时教师宿舍，以供值班老师和外校培训老师使用。

The administrative area is laid out on the 1st floor of the reserved teaching building and on the 6th floor of the new comprehensive building, which provides a direct reception for outsiders and offers a panoramic view of the campus. The dormitory area is located on the 4th to 13th floors, of which the 4th to 12th floors are student dormitories with a management room on each floor, and the 13th floor is a temporary teacher dormitory for on-duty teachers and the training teachers from other schools.

生活配套区域包含餐厅、厨房、便利店等。其中餐厅分布在综合教学楼宿舍单元2层和地下一层下沉庭院东侧，可满足2000人同时就餐；厨房位于综合教学楼宿舍单元1层，临近南侧次入口，方便货物装卸，同时与餐厅均通过专用餐梯联通。

The living facilities include a dining room, a kitchen and a convenience store. The restaurant is located on the 2nd floor of the comprehensive teaching building and on the 1st floor of sunken courtyard on the east side, which can hold 2,000 people at the same time. The kitchen is located on the 1st floor of the comprehensive teaching building, near the south side of the secondary entrance, which is convenient for loading and unloading of good. It is connected with the restaurant through a special dining ladder.

运动演艺区域以架空操场为空间主体，包含300米室外运动场一处、架空区域室外篮球场3处、室内体育馆一座（内含篮球、乒乓球、健身等多项功能）、700人报告厅一座。设施设备区域主要集中在地下一层东南和东北区域，结合车库坡道设置，既方便管理又相对远离教学区域。

The sport and art area takes the lifted playground as the main body of space, including a 300-metre outdoor playground, three outdoor basketball courts, an indoor gymnasium (for basketball, table tennis, fitness and other functions), and a 700-person lecture hall. The equipment area is mainly located in the southeast and northeast areas of the first basement level, which is designed with the garage ramp. The design allows a better management and an appropriate distance away from the teaching area.

成本

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设计统筹引领，多方齐效保障

充分有效的利用好资金，以实现“不多花一分钱，不乱花一分钱”的原则，是项目参与各方共同的目标。设计、建设、施工三方在本项目中采用了“动态实时模拟成本，设计统筹管控标准，施工即时反馈质量”的措施，同步结合高新管委会相关部门具有前瞻性的政策支撑、高新一中校方为时创新的教育理念。在项目设计伊始，各团队即对建设资金从场地整理、主体、外立面、室内、景观、土方开挖等分版块估算和复核，为实际施工奠定了坚实的基础。

It is the common goal of all parties involved in the project to make full and effective use of funds to realise the principle of "not spending a penny more, not spending a penny recklessly". All parties in the project adopted the measures(of dynamic real-time simulation of costs, design control standards, construction of instant feedback quality), supported with the polices from relevant departments of the Gaoxin Management Committee and the innovative educational concept from the school party. At the beginning, the design team has estimated and reviewed the construction funds from aspects of the site preparation, main body, facade, interior, landscape, earth excavation and other subsections, which laid a solid proof for the actual construction.

在时间紧迫的建设工程中，多方持续的进行沟通，将建设成本进一步细化和修正，以形成动态成本的完整版本。多方对建设成本资金进行了多达20余次的修正和验算。最终在项目交付之际，在参与各方的高效配合之下，完成了动态成本目标原则。项目最终呈现质量效果获得了政府、校方、验收专家、学生及学生家长、社会群众等多方的高度认可。本项目的全程设计管控也为设计团队在建筑师负责制的试运行的趋势下，积累了丰富且有效的实际经验。

During a time-critical construction project, multiple parties are in constant communication to further refine and revise the construction costs. To form a complete version of the dynamic costs, more than 20 revisions and calculations were made. Finally by the time of its delivery, the dynamic cost target principle was completed with the efficient co-operation of all parties involved. The final quality of the project was highly recognised by the government, school authorities, acceptance experts, students, parents, and the public. The whole process of design control of this project has also accumulated rich and effective practical experience for the design team.

后评估启始

西安高新第一中学（高中部）改扩建暨社会共享停车场建设项目现已交付使用。本项目是对高密度城区内学校建设的一次深入探索。设计团队希望不仅通过一次建设行为，而是通过持续的运维跟踪将“立体化”和“校社融合”的理念贯彻始终。因此，设计团队在以完成常规本职工作的前提下，继续积极跟进项目的实际运用。

设计团队在后评估理论的指导下，制定了“短期配合提升修正，中期优化建筑使用，远期数据完整收集”的后评估跟进计划。一方面总结设计与实施的经验，另一方面协助使建筑对城市产生更为深远的影响和意义。

The Xi'an Gaoxin No.1 High School (High School) Expansion and Social Shared Car Park Construction Project has now been delivered. This project is an in-depth exploration of school construction in a high-density urban area. The design team aimed to implement the concepts of ‘three-dimensionality’ and ‘school-society integration’, not only through a single act of construction, but also through its operation and maintenance. Therefore, the design team has been continuing to actively follow up on the practical application of the project while completing their regular duties. Guided by the theory of post-assessment, the design team formulated a post-assessment follow-up plan of ‘short-term improvement and correction, medium-term optimisation of the building's use, and long-term data collection’. On the one hand, it summarises the experience of design, and on the other hand, it helps to make the building have a better legacy and significance on the city.