武汉海绵公园研学+游客中心：景+观的建筑 / UAO瑞拓设计

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2023.10.20 09:10

设计单位 UAO瑞拓设计

项目地址 湖北武汉

建成时间 2023年4月

总建筑面积 40385.88平方米

从总图入手的设计

本项目是从城市区域入手、从总图来入手的设计。场地处于东湖港（人工渠）和沙湖港（人工渠）两条河道夹住的城市带状公园中间——这个带状公园连接了长江和东湖，区域内有高铁武汉站、武钢等；原场地周围片区是一片旧的厂区和城中村，近年更新为高密度的住区；海绵带状公园因两条明渠相夹而生。

This project starts with the urban area and the general plan design; The site is located in the middle of an urban strip park sandwiched between two river channels, Donghu Port (artificial channel) and Shahu Port (artificial channel) - this strip park connects the Yangtze River and East Lake, and has Wuhan high-speed rail station， Wuhan Iron and Steel in the area as well; The surrounding area of the original site is an old factory area and urban village, which has been upgraded to a high-density residential area in recent years; The sponge-like park is formed by two open channels.

建筑场地处于团结大道的南北两侧，北侧为公园的游客中心主建筑，南侧为研学中心的教学区、宿舍区和办公楼，以及户外活动场地；设计旨在打造一个立足于海绵公园的海绵研学综合体。

The construction site is located on both sides of Tuanjie Avenue, with the main building of the park's tourist centre on the north side and the teaching area, dormitory area, office building, and outdoor activity area of the study centre on the south side. The design aims to create a sponge research and learning complex based on the sponge park.

在场地东侧河道上有一座明代古石桥：北洋古桥；从北洋古桥这个现场地标出发，“桥与连接”成为方案中反复强化的概念。在最开始的概念中，南北地块的连接是通过一个跨街弧线天桥来实现的。天桥的坡度很缓，可以延续公园南北地块绿道骑行的需求。同时，这个天桥给南北地块的建筑体量建立起构图上的联系。

On the east side of the venue is a Ming Dynasty ancient stone bridge: Beiyang Ancient Bridge; Starting from the site landmark of Beiyang Ancient Bridge, "bridge and connection" became a concept repeatedly emphasized in the scheme. The initial concept was that the connection between the north and south plots was achieved through a cross-street arc sky bridge. The gradient of the overpass is very gentle, which can continue the demand for greenway cycling in the north-south plots of the park. At the same time, this pedestrian overpass establishes a compositional connection between the building volumes on the north and south plots.

南北地块的功能的不同，带来体块形态的不同。北侧游客中心面积需求不大，可它需要一个与面积不符的巨大体量来为这个公园“镇场子”。思考再三，我们给予它一个结合地形的非标准四边形，为了减少建筑面积挖掉了中间的体块，形成一个内向的圆形广场。它的负空间形态反而成为了这个建筑最具辨识度的一面。

The different functions of the north and south plots lead to different block forms. The area of the north visitor center is not large, but it needs a huge volume that does not match the area to "settle the scene" for the park; After careful consideration, we gave it a non-standard quadrilateral shape that combines with the terrain. To reduce the building area, the central block was excavated to form an inward-facing circular plaza. Its negative space form has become the most recognizable aspect of the building.

南侧的研学中心则被分为三个体块，分别是教学区、宿舍区和办公区；教学区方正，来呼应北侧道路和游客中心建筑；宿舍区弧线灵动，来呼应东侧河道，并对河道古桥做出退让；而办公区独栋小楼的方正布局，恰好给与弧线一个句号，并呼应了游客中心和教学区的方正形态，算是空间形态上的“call back”。

The research and learning center on the south side is divided into three blocks, namely the teaching area, dormitory area, and office area; The teaching area is square, echoing the road and tourist center buildings on the north side, while the dormitory area is curvy, echoing the river channel on the east side and making concessions to the ancient bridge on the river channel; The square layout of the single-story building in the office area just gives a full stop to the arc, echoing the square shape of the visitor center and the teaching area, which can be regarded as a "call back" in spatial form.

三部分体量结合跨街天桥，在公园底图中形成优美而顺畅的图底关系；最后出于各种原因，跨街天桥目前没有建设，但不妨碍南北体量的完整性。

The three parts of the building, combined with the cross-street skybridge, form a beautiful and smooth top-down relationship in the park based on the map; Finally, for various reasons, the cross-street skybridge is currently not under construction, but it does not hinder the integrity of the north-south volume.

道路北侧地块整体地势较高；南侧地块基本平坦，地块面向东侧河道地势较低，面向南侧为堆土形成的丘陵山包。我们结合地形高差，将临古桥的宿舍部分建筑一层标高降到刚好高于河道洪水位的位置，这个标高和教学部分的地下室标高相同。因此两层的宿舍区在园区主干道路标高上就只显示出一层的体量——这个弧形长度最长的建筑，显示出一种对古桥让位的低姿态。

The land parcel's overall terrain on the road's north side is relatively high; The south plot is basically flat, with a low-lying terrain facing the eastward river channel and a hilly hill formed by soil piles facing the south. We combined the terrain elevation difference and lowered the elevation of the first floor of the dormitory building near the ancient bridge to a position just above the flood level of the river channel, which is the same as the basement elevation of the teaching part. Therefore, the two-story dormitory area only shows the volume of the first floor on the elevation of the main road in the park - this building with the longest arc length shows a low-profile gesture of giving way to the ancient bridge.

逐轮优化的设计原型

教学部分，是一个8400毫米柱网的10×10的正方形网格，匀质的网格叠加了三层，再通过抽取局部单元盒子，形成负空间内院和露台。内院和露台院的出现，保证了每个实体空间的采光通风和内向景观，也产生了空间之间的断裂，再通过楼梯和栈桥进行各空间的连接。我们刻意地将屋顶设计成不同的、错动的标高系统，从而形成了丰富的屋顶花园游走关系，也提供了游走过程中看与被看的关系。

The teaching part is a 10X10 square grid with 8400mm spacing between column grids, with three layers of homogeneous grids stacked on top of each other. By extracting local unit boxes, negative space courtyards and terraces are formed. The emergence of inner courtyards and terrace courtyards ensures the lighting, ventilation, and inward-facing views of each physical space, but also creates gaps between spaces, which are connected through stairs and trestles. We deliberately designed the roof into different and staggered elevation systems, forming a rich relationship of rooftop garden walking. It also provides a relationship between the viewer and the viewer during the walking process.

多义的栈桥，又一次回到项目最开始“桥”的构思出发点——这些连接不同方向和标高的楼梯和栈桥——灵感来自于画家埃舍尔的画作《无尽的楼梯》。

The ambiguous trestle, once again returning to the original starting point of the project's "bridge" concept - these stairs and trestles that connect different directions and elevations - are inspired by the painter Escher's painting "The Endless Staircase".

景+观的建筑

这个项目契合了我们一贯的理念——从景观概念出发的建筑，尊重场地和自然，从地形、地理条件出发而设计的建筑。它强调了建筑和人之间看与被看的关系；拥有景观思维的建筑，如同古代中国文人画，山水才是永远的主角，建筑只是配景——尊重自然，自然景观是大于建筑而存在的。

This project fits in with our consistent philosophy of architecture that starts from the concept of landscape, respects the site and nature, and designs buildings based on topographical and geographical conditions. It emphasizes the relationship between architecture and people, Architecture with landscape thinking is like ancient Chinese literati painting, where the landscape is always the protagonist and the architecture is just a supporting element. Respecting nature, natural landscapes exist above architecture.