MVRDV新作：高低错落，阿姆斯特丹“山谷”住宅综合体

编译：袁蓓祺 | 校对：李博超 | 2022.10.11 00:04

设计单位 MVRDV

项目地点 荷兰阿姆斯特丹

建成时间 2022年

建筑面积 75000平方米

建筑坐落于阿姆斯特丹的Zuidas商业区，由三座塔楼组成，高度分别是67、81和100米。项目以自然山体为灵感，采用了戏剧化的形体，拥有壮观的悬挑露台，从当地天际线中脱颖而出。未来，塔楼将被精心培育的植物覆盖。

Valley, the dramatic, geology-inspired, plant-covered high-rise designed by MVRDV for developer Edge, was officially opened in a ceremony on Friday. The 75,000-square-metre building, which was recently declared the world's best new skyscraper by the Emporis Awards, stands out in Amsterdam's Zuidas neighbourhood with its three towers of 67, 81, and 100 metres and its spectacular cantilevered apartments. As plants mature over the coming years, they will give Valley an increasingly green appearance, making the building a manifesto for a greener city.

凭借诸多与众不同之处，建筑荣获2021年Emporis世界最佳摩天大楼奖：首先，它将办公、零售、餐饮、文化设施和公寓结合在一起；其次，与商业区内一贯封闭的建筑不同，人们可以通过塔楼外部设置的石梯进入四层和五层空间，在蜿蜒的景观之中漫步穿行。

Named the best new skyscraper in the world in the 2021 Emporis Skyscraper Awards, the building distinguishes itself in several ways: firstly, it combines offices, shops, catering, cultural facilities, and apartments in one building; secondly, unlike the closed-off buildings elsewhere in the Zuidas, the green valley that winds between the towers on the fourth and fifth floors is accessible to everyone via two external stone staircases.

建筑的功能布局满足居民、办公人员和游客等不同人群的便利使用：地下三层是停车场，地面以上的七层空间用于办公，八层之上是公寓。

The building's layout is tailored to a mixture of residents, workers, and visitors: on top of the three-storey underground car park, offices occupy the lower seven floors, with apartments located on the eighth floor and up.

建筑的大部分空间是向公众开放的：人行通道曲折延伸向“山谷”中心，一层的中庭空间“洞穴Grotto”设有即将开放的年轻科学家培育基地——“Sapiens实验室”。“洞穴”顶部有两面天窗，为室内引入足够的采光，天窗上方是“山谷”的浅水池。地面、墙面和天花板采用与立面相同的石材，确保“山谷”形态在公共区域的视觉统一性。

Much of the building is open to the public: from the publicly accessible footpath that zig-zags up to the central valley from the street level, to the Grotto, an atrium that forms a covered street on the first floor where the Sapiens Lab - a breeding ground for young scientists - will soon open. The grotto is connected to the outside by two large skylights that double as shallow water pools in the valley level above, and its natural stone flooring, walls, and ceilings – the same stone used on the surfaces of the valley and towers – makes clear that all the public areas of the building are part of the same apparently geological formation.

这座综合体旨在为办公氛围单一枯燥的阿姆斯特丹Zuidas带回绿色和宜人尺度。建筑采用多维的立面：对外的立面采用反光玻璃幕墙，延续了商业街区的传统印象；向内的立面呈现出与外立面截然不同的旖旎景观，仿佛玻璃立面碎裂后露出自然岩石与绿植的峭壁。

Valley is an attempt to bring a green and human dimension back to the inhospitable office environment of Amsterdam Zuidas. It is a building with multiple faces; on the outer edges of the building is a shell of smooth mirrored glass, which fits the context of the business district. Inside this shell, the building has a completely different, more inviting natural appearance, as if the glass block has crumbled away to reveal craggy rock faces inside replete with natural stone and greenery.

三座塔楼中有多处观景点，提供了从不同角度收获城市风光的视野的机会。其中最特别的是位于最高塔楼顶部的空中酒吧，游客可以通过底层的意大利Molteni家具旗舰店进入。

Various locations throughout the three-tower complex offer breathtaking views of the city – the apartments, of course, but especially the sky bar at the top of the tallest tower, which visitors can access via the Molteni flagship store on the ground floor.

该综合体采用完全量身定制的设计和建造方法，前后有数百名设计师、工程师、施工方、专家顾问的参与，当然还有业主方的持续投入。极其复杂的形态要求对细节进行深度的打磨，以将设计概念表达到极致。

The design and construction of Valley is utterly bespoke, requiring the sustained commitment of hundreds of designers, engineers, builders, consultants, and of course the client. The enormously complex shape required a special commitment to fine detailing that further enhances the design concept.

MVRDV的技术专家们特别定制了一系列参数化工具来完善项目的设计和建造，确保每间公寓都有充足的采光和视野，以及将40,000多块不同尺寸的岩石通过计算随机拼接成立面图案。“山谷”共有198间平面各异的公寓，室内设计由荷兰本地Heyligers事务所操刀。团队通过创新的工程技术提升了建筑的整体外观，完成了建造特殊悬挑露台的挑战，其中包括11个通过螺栓固定在混凝土墙面上的特殊钢制构件。

MVRDV's technology experts created a series of custom digital tools to perfect the building, from a tool that ensured every apartment had adequate light and views, to a programme that made possible the apparently random pattern of over 40,000 stone tiles of varying sizes that adorn the building's façades. Each of the 198 apartments has a unique floorplan, made possible by the interior designs by Heyligers Architects. And the outlandish cantilevers of the towers are possible thanks to innovative engineering, including eleven steel "specials" bolted to the concrete building that take the overall appearance to the next level.

景观设计师Piet Oudolf为项目开发了一个植物矩阵。考虑到建筑所在地的风向、光照强度、温度和维护等因素，建筑中每一处种植点都选择了适宜生长的特定植物。例如，大型树木主要分布在较低的楼层，而最靠上的楼层主要设置小型植物。总共有超过271棵幼树和灌木，以及约13,500株较小的植物遍布“山谷”内的石砌花盆，涵盖220种植被。

Landscape architect Piet Oudolf developed a matrix to select the right plants for each location in the building, taking into account factors such as wind, sunlight, temperature, and maintenance. Trees, for example, are largely found on the lower floors, while the uppermost levels mainly support small plants. In total, more than 271 young trees and shrubs and approximately 13,500 smaller plants occupy the natural stone planters, representing 220 different plant species.

在未来的几年里，随着绿植的不断增长，“山谷”将逐渐进化成为设计所描绘的繁茂外观，充分实现生态友好和生物多样性。通过自动灌溉系统和“立面园艺师”的维护，露台上的树木和植物将对在“山谷”中生活和工作的人们带来积极影响。

In the coming years, the building will mature into the lush appearance of the design team's vision as the greenery continues to grow. The biodiversity of this landscape is further supported by bird- and bat boxes as well as various bee and insect hotels. Maintained using an automatic irrigation system and by "façade gardeners", the trees and plants on the terraces will positively affect the well-being of people living and working in Valley.

项目结合了可持续、创新技术和健康领域的设计理念。该建筑的能源性能比当地法规要求的标准高出30%，其中商业空间获得了BREEAM荷兰优秀等级认证，住宅区在荷兰绿色建筑评价体系GPR中获得了8分。GPR评价体系满分10分，从能源、环境、健康、使用质量和未来价值五个标准衡量建筑。办公空间集合了最新的智能技术，包括基于IP的楼宇自动化系统和用于监测实际使用情况的各类传感器。

Valley combines insights in the field of sustainability, technology, and health. The building's energy performance is 30% better than local regulations require, it has received BREEAM-NL Excellent certification for the commercial spaces, and the residential area scored an 8 out of 10 on the GPR Building Scale, a Dutch measurement tool that scores buildings across five themes of energy, environment, health, quality of use, and future value. The latest smart technologies are integrated in the office spaces, including IP-based Building Automation Systems and various sensors linked to monitoring actual usage.

该综合体的建设历时四年，首批入驻的个人与企业业主已于2021年底搬入。2022年9月全面开放。此间，独特的建筑设计吸引了媒体和公众的广泛关注和讨论。

The construction of Valley took four years, with the first residents and entrepreneurs moving into the building at the end of 2021. With the opening ceremony hosted last Friday by the building's owner RJB Group of Companies and developer Edge, the project is finally ready to be occupied fully by the public. Already the building's striking design has attracted media attention and debate, especially in the Dutch press.

建筑评论家Kirsten Hannema对荷兰晨报de Volkskrant说道：“建筑师通过在3D软件中输入关于日照、视角、冷负荷和降噪的要求，对设计进行‘合理化’的打磨。不规则形状的立面最终形成大约10个不同的角度，表面由不规则的自然岩板拼接覆盖。”

Kirsten Hannema for de Volkskrant said, "Using 3D software, in which the architects entered requirements with regard to daylight, view, cooling load and noise exposure, they 'rationalised' the design. The irregularly shaped facades eventually have about ten different angles, with the natural stone cladding fitted together like a puzzle."

事务所创始合伙人Winy Maas指出“如何为办公区赋予宜居的氛围？未来的住宅应该是怎样的？还需要满足什么样的需求？这些都是我们在设计‘山谷’项目伊始考虑的问题。阿姆斯特丹的这一块区域将不再是一个单调乏味的商业中心，而是人们生活与工作的交响乐。人们在这里工作，也可以在露台上烧烤。游客在‘山谷’中获得放松的体验，在‘洞穴’里购物，在街边吃晚餐，甚至还有窗户清洁工和园艺师在上面攀岩。‘山谷’让阿姆斯特丹向更绿色、更密集、更人性化的城市迈出了转变的第一步。”

Winy Maas, Founding Partner, MVRDV:"How do you make an office district liveable? What should the homes be like? What else is needed? Those were the questions we started with when we designed Valley. Instead of a one-note business centre, this site along Beethovenstraat in Amsterdam is now a symphony of life – people working, yes, but also barbecuing on their terraces, visitors relaxing in the valley, shopping in the grotto, eating dinner by the street, and even the window cleaners and the gardeners scaling the heights above. Valley is a first step towards transforming this part of Amsterdam into a greener, denser, and more human city."

设计图纸 ▽

完整项目信息

Project Name: Valley

Location: Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Year: 2015-2022

Client: EDGE

Size & Programme: 75,000m2 mixed-use (residential, offices, cultural, retail, and parking)

Sustainability certification: BREEAM-NL Excellent (commercial spaces)

Architect: MVRDV

Principal in charge: Winy Maas

Partner: Jeroen Zuidgeest

Director: Gideon Maasland

Competition: Anton Wubben, Luca Moscelli, Sanne van Manen, Elien Deceuninck, Marco Gazzola, Jack Penford Baker, Brygida Zawadzka, Francis Liesting, Annette Lam, Hannah Knudsen

Design Team: Gijs Rikken and Gideon Maasland with Guido Boeters, Wietse Elswijk, Saimon Gomez Idiakez, Rik Lambers, Javier Lopez-Menchero, Sanne van Manen, Stephanie McNamara, Thijs van Oostrum, Frank Smit, Boudewijn Thomas, Maria Vasiloglou, Laurens Veth, Cas Esbach, Mark van Wasbeek, Olesya Vodenicharska

Building Owner: RJB Group of Companies

Contractor: G&S Bouw B.V., Boele & Van Eesteren B.V.

Landscape Design: Piet Oudolf, DeltaVorm Groep

Interior design: Heyligers Architects

Engineering: Inbo

Cost Calculator: BBN adviseurs

Structural Engineer: Van Rossum Raadgevende Ingenieurs

Installations: Deerns, DWA

Building Physics and Fire Safety: DGMR

Parametric Design Volume: ARUP

Real Estate Consultant: CBRE, Heeren Makelaars

Images: Vero Visuals