新加坡新国家法院大楼：稳重与开放 / Serie Architects+Multiply Architects

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2021.09.04 16:57

方案设计单位 Serie Architects+Multiply Architects

首席顾问与建筑师 CPG Consultants Pte. Ltd

项目地点 新加坡

建成时间 2019年

建筑面积 11.3万平方米

在首席大法官主持封顶仪式的两年后，这座迄今为止新加坡最高的政府建筑，位于哈弗洛克广场1号的新国家法院大楼已经全面投用。

Nearly two years after the topping-out ceremony officiated by The Honourable Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon, the new State Courts towers standing at 1 Havelock Square today is fully operational, and is the tallest government building in Singapore to date.

在2011年国家法院举办的两阶段公开设计竞赛中，Serie Architects与Multiply Architects的联合方案脱颖而出。项目与CPG咨询公司合作开发完成，其在此次设计担任了首席顾问与建筑设计的工作。

The new State Courts towers was designed by Serie + Multiply Consultants Pte Ltd, winner of a public two-stage open design competition organised by the State Courts in 2011. The project was developed and completed in collaboration with CPG Consultants Pte Ltd which is the Principal Consultant and Architect.

Serie Architects事务所负责人Christopher Lee表示，城市与公民之间的关系，是激发设计团队对此项目兴趣的关键因素。全新的法院大楼应该是能象征性地开放，并让公民可以使用的建筑。建筑的设计语言从这个城市的典型建筑汲取灵感，因此对市民来说，大楼既熟悉，又充满令人惊奇的新意。

Christopher Lee, Principal at Serie Architects, UK comments, “The relationship between the city and its civic buildings was our primary interest for this project. The new State Courts towers should be a building that is symbolically open and accessible to the public. Its design language is drawn from the architecture typical of the city and hence is both familiar and surprisingly new to its citizens.”

法院通常以保守的方式进行设计，其中的部分原因是为了保持法官、在押人员与公众间相互分离的复杂流线需求。相比之下，新的法院大楼塔楼部分的设计高度开放，对公众可见。

Courtroom complexes are typically designed in a conservative manner partly due to complex circulation requirements to keep the judges, persons-in-custody, and the public separate. In contrast, the new State Courts towers have been designed to be highly open and visible to the public.

这样的设计依托于两个手段。首先，建筑整体被拆分为两个细长的塔楼，通过连桥相接。前部的塔楼为审判室，后部的塔楼为法官等工作人员的办公空间。这样的设计不仅将光线带入建筑深处，还有助于保持法官、在押人员与公众间的流线关系。

This is achieved with two architectural strategies. First, the building is split into two slender towers connected by link bridges. The front tower accommodates courtrooms and the back tower the judges’ chambers and staff’s offices. This architectural move not only brings light deep into the building but helps keep the circulation of the judges, persons-in-custody, and the public separate.

第二个策略，是将审判室的箱式空间布置于大型的开放式 “法庭托盘”上。这些“托盘”有着不同的高度，以适应不同大小的法庭空间，此外“托盘”还是完全开放的——塔楼的四周没有用玻璃幕墙直接封闭，而是用一个郁郁葱葱的露台花园取代了建筑原有的外缘空间。这些露台可以过渡热带地区的阳光，同时提供了一个欣赏城市美景的视窗。因此，法院大楼呈现出轻盈、开放、热情的别样气质。

The second strategy is to place the courtroom boxes onto large open “court trays”. These trays are not only of different heights to fit courtrooms of different sizes, but also completely open - there is no glazed facade around the tower. Instead, each tray accommodates a lushly planted garden terrace that filters the tropical sun and allows views out over the city. The court tower as a result appears light, open, and welcoming.

法庭内部本身覆盖着5~12米高不等的预制板，这一设计灵感来源于邻近历史悠久的唐人街商店屋面瓦片的颜色与纹理，目的是将附近两种典型的建筑形式——高层建筑与店铺进行结合，让全新的大楼，既能体现出熟悉感，又能令人感到焕然一新。

The courtrooms themselves are clad in tall pigmented pre-cast panels measuring 5 to 12 metres in height, inspired by the colours and textures of the tiled roofs in the adjacent, historic Chinatown shophouses. The intention is to bring together two typical forms of architecture from the immediate area, namely the high-rise and the shophouses into a single frame so that the new building is at once familiar and yet excitingly new.

而容纳着工作空间的办公塔楼，其板式的造型，充满着纤薄优雅之感。建筑外立面上有着一个尺度不断变化的网格，形成扩张收缩的韵律。在垂直方向上，网格在服务功能集中的区域缩小，在中间需要采光与视景的地方舒张。水平网格将人们的视线集中于立面之上并引向天空，给人以纯粹之感，同时也不乏一种俏皮的韵律。

The office tower which houses working spaces is expressed as a thin and elegant slab tower. The facade features an expanding and contracting grid. Vertically, the grid contracts where the service core is located and expands where light and views are required in the middle. The modulation of the horizontal grids draws the eye across the facade and towards the sky, giving a clean and absolute form and a sense of playful rhythm.

设计还为全新的法院大楼建造了一个入口天棚，将基地与周围环境打通，并创造出两个入口，分别直通哈弗洛克广场与上十字街。

An entrance canopy was built for the new State Courts towers which opens up the site to the surrounding context and creates two entrances, the entrance from Havelock Square and Upper Cross Street.

设计的场地也比较局促，这意味着项目规划上必须要采用垂直的塔楼形式，而不是更为常见的水平布局。但规划中仍要满足53个审判室与54个听证室的使用要求，确保法院的运作不会受到任何阻碍，这就造成了项目的一大挑战。好在最后的呈现效果是成功的，方案功能空间与流线的垂直堆叠很简单，这也有助于防止公众在其中迷失方向。

The site for the new State Courts towers is also smaller, meaning that vertical court towers, as compared to a more common, horizontal layout would have to be planned. This posed a challenge, as careful planning and stacking of the 53 courtrooms and 54 hearing chambers, is necessary to ensure that court operations will be in no way hindered. One of the successful outcomes was the simplicity in the vertical stacking of its programmes and circulation that made wayfinding easy for the public.

作为一个现代化的、具有IT功能的法院，建筑群被还采用了各种智能化功能设置，例如面部识别，以及与安全和机电系统有关的各种自动化管理设施。视频会议与互动式自助服务亭也采纳了信息网络技术。此外，作为一个现代化的法院，项目采用了通用的设计方式，以确保其对于法官、在押人员及公众来说是友好的。例如，全部法庭为出席人员都配备了辅助听力系统，楼内借助应用程序提供数字化寻路服务，同时还设置有儿童看护设施。

As a modern and IT-enabled courthouse, the complex also took on various smart building features like facial recognition and automation of various building management processes related to security and, mechanical and electrical systems. Other IT or web-enabled services introduced include video-conferencing facilities and interactive self-service kiosks. In addition, as a modern courthouse, a universal design approach was adopted to ensure that it is user-friendly to the judges, persons in custody and the public, for example in providing assistive listening systems for court attendees and in all its courtrooms, digital wayfinding through the use of apps, child- minding facility, etc.

法院大楼的塔楼在环境上也具有可持续效应，设计中融入了创新性的绿色建筑特性，采纳了太阳能电池板与冷凝水回收系统等设施。大楼在2018年还被授予了BCA绿色建筑评价的白金级标准。

The State Courts towers is also an environmentally sustainable building, with innovative green building features incorporated in its design, such as solar panels and condensate water recovery systems. It was awarded the BCA Green Mark Platinum award in 2018.