捷克拉霍夫酒庄：拱的双面之美 / CHYBIK + KRISTOF ARCHITECTS

设计单位  CHYBIK + KRISTOF ARCHITECTS
项目地点  捷克摩拉维亚州
建成时间  2020年
建筑面积  3900平方米

位于捷克的拉霍夫酒庄已经建成，其坐落于摩拉维亚的乡间，将悠久的葡萄酒传统与现代酿酒工艺合二为一，与周围的葡萄架形成了微妙的共生。
CHYBIK + KRISTOF ARCHITECTS & URBAN DESIGNERS have completed construction of the Lahofer Winery in the Czech Republic. Nestled in the Moravian countryside, the Lahofer Winery fuses the region’s longstanding wine tradition with a contemporary design in constant dialogue with the surrounding vines.

建筑自身也是现代酿造工艺的体现，并将三个相互联系的不同功能结构汇集一处，囊括了酿酒设施、酒庄办公空间，以及访客中心和相邻的品酒间。设计参考了该地区典型的酒窖，将拱顶置于拱形梁组成的结构网上。
Reflective of modern wine-making processes, the building brings together three distinct interconnected structures – a wine-making facility, the winery’s administrative base, and a visitor center and adjoining tasting room. Emulating archetypal wine cellars of the region, the vault of the winery rests on a grid of arched beams.

而在这一拱顶的反面，下凹的屋顶也成为面向当地及游人开放的露天剧场，可开展多种文化活动，这也让酒庄得以与这片土地及其蕴含的文化紧密融合。
Acting as a mirror of this shape, an undulant roof serves as an amphitheater for cultural events open to both locals and visitors, merging the winery into the ground – and the culture – on which it rests.

项目基于对古老文化遗产及自然环境的尊重。针对摩拉维亚的地形和建筑传统，根植于葡萄酒文化，建筑师构思了一个同该地区景观共生的设计。
CHYBIK + KRISTOF’s project finds its roots in the legacy of the Lahofer Winery – one grounded in a storied cultural heritage and a profound respect for the natural environment. Responding to Moravia’s topography and architectural tradition, rooted in the culture of wine, the architects conceive a design in symbiosis with the region’s landscape.

这不禁令人联想起当地特有的拱形酒窖，拱形梁体系将内部空间框定在其精妙的曲线中，而建筑之外，不规则的屋顶既成为酒庄的遮罩，也创造出倾斜的露天剧场空间。生于这片沃土，建筑却变得更为轻盈，将三个独立的空间统一起来，每个空间都有其独特的功能，它们一起与自然建立起亲密的联系。
Reminiscent of the region’s characteristic arched wine cellars, a colonnade of vaulted beams frames the interior space into its storied curve. On its exterior side, draping the winery, an undulant roof acts as an inclined open-air amphitheater and cultural venue. Lightening the volume of the building as it rests on the fertile soil, below lie three separate spaces – each attributed with a distinct function, they share a constant concern for the adjoining nature.

每个钢筋混凝土拱形单元都是独立设计的，以适应屋面的特定角度，而拱与拱之间的距离，则由成排的葡萄树之间的行距来决定。每个拱单元均沿着一列葡萄树架向上升起，并贯穿整个空间，实现了完美的视觉对称关系，将游客的视线引向葡萄林间。
Each reinforced concrete arch is individually designed to fit a specific angle of the ceiling, while the distance between the arches is determined by that between the vine rows. Each module rises from a vine row and runs through the space, achieving perfect visual symmetry and guiding the viewer’s gaze across the grapevines.

访客中心被封闭于一块玻璃幕墙之内，面朝南向。窗户与外部的葡萄架之间留有隐约的间隔，室内因此得以拥有充沛的光线。中心由木头、混凝土和玻璃组成，沉浸于自然环境间，游客可以在此以及相邻的品酒室内尽情享用美酒。
Enclosed in a glass façade and facing south, the visitor center draws abundant light as the windows act as concealed separation from the exterior vine rows. Informed by the ambient nature, the visitor center invites visitors to fully experience its produce in the barrique cellar, made of wood, concrete and glass, and adjoining tasting room.

由捷克当代艺术家Patrik Hábl创作的大型彩绘将天花板完全覆盖起来。从源于泥土的红色与黑色，到充满当地风土特色的棕色与米色，其以无序的稀疏笔触，呼应着土壤的变化，渲染着大地“抬升”后形成的失重感，在墙面上留下永恒的印记。
A large-scale mural painting by Czech contemporary artist Patrik Hábl covers the entire ceiling area. Its tampered, irregular and sparse strokes, ranging from earthy reds and blacks to terroir-reminiscent browns and beiges, echo the variations of the soil and its weightlessness as it seemingly lifts from the ground, leaving its timeless markings on the walls.

在这一材质继续延伸，形成两个高度不同的大厅，生产车间也被安置于此。每个大厅都体现了特定的工序，第一个大厅集中了多种工艺操作，包括酿酒与员工所需设施；而第二个大厅为低温操作车间，酒榨机、酒窖和葡萄酒商店都置于此处。
In the continuity of this material wave, the structure houses its production in two halls of distinct heights, each mirroring a specific process. The first lower hall centralizes the operations, including wine-making production and employee facilities, while the second allows for operations that require lower temperatures, such as the wine press, the cellar, and the wine store.

室内不同的高度变化，也是设计师模仿地形而得出的结果，令相应功能配属的外部院落得以形成对应关系。一个院子为操作区，集中物流与生产；另一个庭院即为露天剧场，延伸出一望无际的景观。
The varying heights of the interior spaces, emulating the terrain, allow for the alignment of corresponding functional exterior courtyards. While one courtyard serves as the operational area, centralizing logistic and production presses, the other holds the amphitheater, extending sweeping views of the landscape.

作为一个从规律排列的葡萄树间生发出的开放空间，露天剧场由无尽的屋面依托而起，俯瞰着这片被历史浸润的大地。酒庄的功能由一个生产基地扩展为当地文化的见证者，通过一片社区空间令自身成为文化活动的沃土。当地葡萄的丰收庆祝活动和戏剧表演都会在此进行，一个将社区与游客及葡萄酒品鉴家联系起来的持久纽带就此形成。
An open space emerging from the rhythmic vines, the amphitheater invests the boundless roof, overlooking a horizon nourished by its history. Expanding on the Lahofer Winery’s function from a production site into a witness to the local culture, it acts as a community space dedicated to cultural events, including local grape harvest celebrations and theater performances – a hub for its lasting community to connect with visitors of the region and wide-ranging wine connoisseurs.

事务所创始人Ondřej Chybík与Michal Krištof解释道：“酒庄的设计深植于自然，也尊重着自然。当文化与自然看似对立的时候，我们塑造了一个令两者于此长期共生的空间，这也是一个对环境充满深厚敬意的空间。”
Describing the concept, founding architects Ondřej Chybík and Michal Krištof explain, “The design of the Lahofer Winery is deeply rooted in nature, and in the respect thereof. At a time when culture and nature appear to be antagonistic forces, we envision a space reflective of the longstanding symbiosis between the two in the region – one that profoundly respects the environment on which it rests.

“建筑顺着场地的地形而展开，沉浸于周遭的葡萄树列中，这也保存了土地与文化的完整性及本质。此外，我们摒弃了单一进行生产的观念。优先考虑游客的体验，特别是将屋顶作为一个公共空间来向当地群众及国际游客开放，这样的体验对理解与欣赏葡萄酒来说至关重要。”
The structure unfolds into the native terrain, immerses itself into the surrounding vine rows, thereby preserving the essence and integrity of both soil and culture. Additionally, moving beyond a purely productive viewpoint, we prioritize the visitor experience, notably by allocating the roof as a public space open to local and international visitors – an experience essential to the understanding and appreciation of the wine.”

设计图纸 ▽

完整项目信息
Client: Lahofer Winery
Location: Dobšice, Czech Republic
Year: 2015
Completion: Spring 2020
Size: 3 900 m2 (Ground floor area)
Status: Building Site
Team: Ondrej Chybik, Michal Kristof, Adam Jung, Lenka Vorechovska, Hanin Al-Gibury, Karolina Holankova, Martin Holy, Vojtech Kouril, Ondrej Mundl, Matej Strba, Zuzana Zathurecka, Zuzana Pelikanova, Victor Cojocaru, Laura Emilija Druktenytė, Zuzana Lisonova, Gabriela Volakova
Lahofer Winery (Vinařství LAHOFER) Vinice 579
Dobšice, 671 82

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