捷克戴耶河畔旁的家宅 / Kuba & Pilař architekti

编译：李博超（实习生） | 校对：李博超（实习生） | 2020.12.28 21:13

设计单位 Kuba & Pilař architekti

项目地点 捷克兹诺伊莫

建成时间 2019年

建筑面积 125平方米

在戴耶河河岸上，项目的用地正坐落于家庭住宅间的空隙中。这里地形陡峭，有着带有石墙的原始阶梯状景观。对岸矗立着一堵石墙，石墙上的是兹诺伊莫城堡、圣凯瑟琳圆厅和圣尼古拉斯教堂。周围的房子形式多样，它们主要是家庭住宅或一至两层的公寓楼。

The plot is situated in a gap between family houses that form the banks of the Dyje River. Steep terrain of the plot has the original terrace landscaping with stonewalls. Above the opposite riverbank rises a rock wall; resting on the wall are the Znojmo Castle, the Rotunda of St. Catherine and the Church of St. Nicholas. The surrounding houses are quite diverse; they are mainly family houses or blocks of flats with one or two floors.

地块的形状、轮廓和朝向成为住宅设计的决定性因素。地块最窄处的宽度、较大的坡度和向北的朝向也决定了建筑基本的形状。因此，房子被设计在一个狭窄的矩形平面上，对北侧的街道和临近的建筑也留有一定的距离。

The determining elements of the designed house are the shape, profile and orientation of the plot. Its minimal width, large slope and north orientation determine the basic shape parameters of the building. The house is therefore designed on a narrow, rectangle ground plan. It respects the street line on the north side as well as the distance from neighbouring buildings.

建筑有三层朝向水景，一层面向斜坡的一侧。房子的北面，也是朝向水面的场地是倾斜的，由此也形成了一个倾斜的屋顶，顺应了临近建筑屋顶的形状。而从相反一侧的斜坡上看，屋顶又是平整的。

The house has three floors facing the waterfront side and one floor facing the slope side. The northern part of the house, which faces the waterfront, is sloped, forming a sloping roof, which follows the neighbouring roofs' shape. From the opposite, slope side, the roof is flat.

屋顶完全是绿色的，在视觉上过渡到房子上方的花园。两个分别为儿童房和起居室的窗户被不对称地布置，切入至绿色的屋顶中。

The roof is entirely green, optically transitioning into a rising garden above the house. Cut into the green roof are two asymmetrically placed windows of children's rooms and living space.

房子东侧的墙体延伸出来，嵌入到临侧建筑的墙体中。因此也为卧室和二楼走廊的照明创造了可能性。主要的生活区位于建筑的顶层，与南侧的户外露台及花园相连。

The eastern wall of the house is extended and recessed. As a result, the illumination of the bedroom and the corridor on the second floor is possible. The main living area is located on the top floor, and it is connected to the outdoor terrace and the garden on the southern side.

没有隔断为居住空间带来了优势，其一，阳光可以自南侧从花园穿过餐厅的玻璃，照射至房间内；其二，在建筑的北侧可以望向令人难忘的山谷景色。戴耶河河谷的美丽景色和房子对面有着重要历史遗迹兹诺伊莫城堡的石坡，成为场地的主要优势。

The living space benefits from the absence of partition, which creates two advantages. One, the sunlight floods the room from the southern side, from the garden through the glass wall in the dining area. Two, to the north, it offers impressive views of the valley. It is the beautiful views of the Dyje River valley and the opposite rocky slopes with important historical monuments of Znojmo that are the main strengths of this site.

建筑入口位于滨水一侧的街道，室外的楼梯可以将居民带至屋顶上的露台和花园。一层处有一间可停放一辆车的车库，还有用于暖通系统的设备房。入口一旁是一间带着大窗户的书房，可以接受来自水畔的阳光。

The entrance is situated on the waterfront street. An outdoor staircase takes the residents to the terraces and gardens above the house. On the ground floor, parking for one car is provided in a garage, and there is a mechanical room for a heat pump and a ventilation system too. Next to the entrance, a study with a large window is exposed to the sunlight from the waterfront.

一楼还有带有私人浴室的主卧、一间客房、两间儿童房、一间大浴室和用于做家务的房间。二楼的起居空间中插入了封闭的隔间，用于卫生间和食品储藏室。厨房里的橱柜和壁炉的一部分也嵌入在隔间里。厨房将起居空间分成了两部分，北侧有着沙发和壁炉，南侧有着餐桌，以及通向室外露台的通道。

On the first floor, there is a master bedroom with a private bathroom, a guest room, two children's rooms, a large bathroom and a room for housework. Inserted in the living space on the second floor is a closed stall with a toilet and a pantry. Kitchen cabinets and a fireplace are partly inbuilt into the stall. The kitchen divides the living space into the northern part with sofas and a fireplace, and a southern part with a dining table and access to the outdoor terrace.

钢筋和混凝土组成了建筑的承重结构。在立面上，建筑采用了黑色的铝覆板。所有的窗框均为铝制，内部楼梯的侧壁采用了牛奶玻璃。在绿色屋顶处设有几层具有排水、过滤和保护作用的膜。这座房子依靠地热泵供暖，并设有热风换气系统。

The load-bearing structure is made of reinforced concrete and steel. On the façade, black aluminium cladding sheets were used. All windows have aluminium frames; the sidewall of the inner staircase is made of profile milk glass. On the green roof, several layers of drainage, filtration and protective films were employed. The house is heated by a geothermal pump and has warm-air ventilation with recuperation.