%VOL海子庇护所，回归山林野趣 / mint+ studio

设计单位  mint+ studio

项目地点  北京市密云区

建成时间  2023年4月

建筑面积  60平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

场地与功能

项目位于京郊水库旁的茶叶山间，是一处供当地游客休憩、聚会和餐饮的山野庇护所。海子村背靠茶叶山，在八十年代之前，山脚下有几百平方米的内湖，故而得名；后随着水源枯竭，外来游客日益减少。

The project is located among the tea-leaf mountains next to the reservoir on the outskirts of Beijing.It is a mountain refuge for local visitors to rest, meet and eat. Hai Zi Village is backed by the Tea Leaf Mountain. Before the 1980s, there was an inner lake of several hundred square metres at the foot of the mountain, hence the name. With the depletion of the water source, there were fewer and fewer tourists from outside.

▲ 项目视频  ©mint+ studio

甲方希望在这里引入营地等商业业态，重新将海子村周边做成季节性的户外生活园区，通过吸引城市人口的到来，在不破坏原有乡村生态的基础上活化当地经济。%VOL海子庇护所作为一期的建设项目，环绕着露营区与村民原生活动场所。因此，设计需要同时满足本地与游客使用需求与空间乐趣。

The client wanted to introduce campsites and other commercial businesses to re-make the area around Haizi into a seasonal outdoor living park. By attracting the urban population, the local economy will be revitalised without destroying the original rural ecology. As the first phase of the project, %VOL Bar is surrounded by the camping area and the villagers' indigenous activities. The design needs to meet the needs of both local and visitor use and spatial enjoyment.

村落与自然

茶叶山是海子村上千户居民的守护神。几代人以来，家家户户分得田地与林地、童年的游乐、修葺的坟墓，举行的祭祀都在山林间。果收之时，丰收的欢乐萦绕山间；农忙过后，安逸与平静是这里的常态。

Tea Leaf Mountain is the guardian deity of thousands of residents of Haizi Village. For generations, families have been given fields and forests, had childhood fun, repaired their graves, and held rituals all in the mountains and forests. At the time of the fruit harvest, the joy of the harvest lingers in the mountains. After the busy farming season, peace and quiet are the norm here. 

场地所在的山腰平台有自己的小气候，日光照射或是阴雨雾霾都会给多变的山貌蒙上迥然不同的色彩。庇护所所处的位置正是茶叶山主山脉的对侧，山景像一幅画卷向南面展开。空间与气候性感受成为了这个小体量景观建筑的特色。

The hillside terrace has its own microclimate, with sunlight, or rain and haze casting very different colours on the varied mountain landscape. The bar is situated on the opposite side of the main Tea Leaf Mountain range, with the landscape unfolding like a scroll to the south. Spatial and climatic sensibilities characterise this small landscape building.

我们摒弃了充满工业感的幕墙玻璃，采用南北面各16块的可拆卸滑轨插接板。每块插接板以2+3的模数拼接，根据需要可取下部分叠放作为平台长桌；也可以全部取下，将建筑本身完全打开贯穿。

Instead of the wall glazing, we used 16 removable sliding panels on each side of the building, one for each of the north and south faces. Each panel is spliced together in a 2+3 module, and can be removed and stacked as a platform table if required; or removed completely to open up the building itself.

场地南面是茶叶山的主要景观面，我们希望室内的人能避开日光直射，在斑驳的光影中欣赏海子的守护山；而室外的人可以透过多层次的立面感受建筑内部的活动。我们通过竹木片和聚碳酸酯瓦片调节透明度与反光度，经过一天中不同时段的测光实验与模型分析，找到最优的瓦片排布，为室内外提供多种视野的可能性。

The south side is the main landscape surface of Tea Leaf Hill. mint+ hopes that people indoors can avoid direct sunlight and enjoy the guardian hill of Hai Zi in dappled light and shadow; while people outdoors can feel the activities inside the building through the multi-layered façade. We adjusted the transparency and reflectivity with bamboo wood chips and polycarbonate tiles. Through photometric experiments and modelling analysis at different times of the day, we found the optimal tile arrangement, which provides the possibility of multiple indoor and outdoor views.

场地北面衔接的是庇护所的主要活动平台区。建筑与地面有近3米的自然高差，我们用三叠错平台消解高差，也增加活动外摆面积。为方便频繁取放，北侧立板没有安装瓦片，而是采用覆膜结合UV打印的方式调节立面透光度。

The north is the main activity platform area of the bar. The building has a natural height difference of almost 3 metres from the ground. We used a triple staggered platform to eliminate the height difference and also to increase the swing area for activities. Instead of installing tiles on the north façade, we used a combination of lamination and UV printing to regulate the light transmission of the façade in order to facilitate frequent pick-ups and drop-offs.

在场设计

海子庇护所的建造过程有两个难点。一是我们希望在这样一个场地，材料以及建构过程的总和是零碳绿色的，在控制施工标准的同时尽量使用山中原生的可再生绿色材料。我们使用场地南侧的杉木、杨树废枝构建三叠木平台；利用山下的剪枝堆碎木制作木屑压实、作为铺地。聚碳酸酯瓦片来源于回收的塑料，建筑供能也摒弃了发电机而采用太阳能。

There were two difficulties in the construction process of the bar.Firstly is that we want the sum of the materials and the building process to be zero-carbon and green.We try to use renewable green materials native to the mountain while controlling the construction standards. We used cedar and poplar tree branches on the south side of the site to build a three-stacked wooden platform; we used the shredded wood from the cuttings pile at the bottom of the mountain to make wood chips for compaction and as paving. The polycarbonate tiles are made from recycled plastic, and the building is powered by solar energy instead of generators.

二是场地位于山顶，不具备大尺度施工的外摆和车行运送通道。因此，我们将施工方式转变为由现场材料进行模数计算，后定制加工而成。比如因无法运送成品家具，而用桦木板拼插替代；再比如直立锁边的收口、山墙的垭口、PC插接板的光感调节都需要现场调整后定制。这样在场设计的方式会增加施工的不确定性，但却更能敏锐地根据场地环境条件而做出相应的调整。

Secondly, the site is located on a hilltop and does not have the out-swinging and vehicular delivery access for large scale construction. The construction method was changed to a modular calculation from on-site materials, which were then custom-fabricated. For example, it has been impossible to transport costly furniture and birch panels have been used instead. For example, the vertical locking edge of the closure, the pass of the mountain wall, and the adjustment of the lightness of the PC plug-in boards all need to be adjusted on site and then customised. Such a presence design approach increases construction uncertainty, but is more sensitive to making design adjustments based on site environmental conditions.

活动与变化

海子户外区由百亩的BC山林区、六块营地区、三百余平方米建设用地、三处服务区、山下餐饮区与海子庇护所组成。

The Haizi Outdoor Area consists of a hundred acres of BC Mountain forest area, six camping areas, over three hundred square feet of building land, three service areas, and a downhill dining area with the bar. 

景区的服务人员是本地的村民，在非营业时间他们照旧日出而作、日落而息的上山活动。包括庇护所在内的整个园区，交织着当地村民日夜生息与游客的自然探索的季节性活动，所以使用和安装的灵活性和便捷性也是建筑的一大特点需求。

The service staff of the scenic area are local villagers, and during non-business hours they go up to the mountains as usual with sunrise and sunset activities. The entire park, including the Bar, intertwines the seasonal activities of local villagers living day and night with the nature exploration of visitors. Therefore, flexibility and ease of use and installation are also a major feature requirement for the building.

16块滑轨插接板的拼合与室内外家具的摆放，会根据营业状态灵活变动。建筑北侧的平台区由当地村民使用的杉木柴料与稻草堆堆建而成，既可用作仓储，也可用于游客休憩。

The 16 sliding panels are assembled with the indoor and outdoor furniture placed in a flexible way according to the business status. The platform area on the north side of the building is built from cedar firewood and straw piles used by local villagers, which can be used for storage as well as resting for visitors. 

我们力求庇护所的规划逻辑、修建节点、材料构成——都能源于山间原本生活、回归自然。

Mint+ strives for the planning logic, construction nodes, and material composition of the bar - all of which are inspired by the original life in the mountains and the return to nature.

完整项目信息

项目名称：%VOL海子庇护所

项目位置：北京市密云区巨各庄镇

设计公司：mint+ studio（景区规划、建筑、室内）

主持建筑师/项目主创：陈凛

设计团队：李一凡、李明、JessicaNg、杨育昕

建筑面积：60平方米

设计时间：2022.8-2022.11

建造时间：2022.11-2023.4

业主：北京市密云区紫石门旅游度假区

结构配合及施工：北京中元建筑科技有限公司

结构：主体砖混、钢结构

材料：竹木板、聚碳酸酯、桦木、松杉木、杨树枝

摄影：mint+ studio

视频版权：mint+ studio

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