上海苏河湾慎余里修复更新项目 / OUR都市再生

编辑：廖兴昊 | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2024.04.18 14:00

设计单位 OUR都市再生

项目地点 上海

建成时间 2022年

建筑面积 6,800平方米

本文文字由OUR都市再生提供。

01、项目背景

2008年，上海苏州河沿岸正式启动了整体规划设计，并将东部苏河湾的北岸定义为城市公园和休闲地标。15年来，依托“一江一河”的城市战略规划背景，这里已经陆续形成了以上海总商会旧址、OCAT艺术馆、UCCA Edge、四行仓库为核心的多处文化地标。2022年，上海苏河湾万象天地项目正式落成，成为面向后疫情时代的新都市生活形态和城市空间。

In 2008, the overall planning and design of Suzhou Creek in Shanghai was officially launched. The northern bank of the eastern Suhewan was definied as urban park and leisure landmark. 15 years later, based on the background of the city's strategic planning of " Strengthen the development of public space on both sides of the Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek", a number of cultural landmarks have been formed, including the former site of the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, the OCAT Art Museum, UCCA Edge, and Joint Savings Bank Warehouse. In 2022, Shanghai Suhe MixC World was officially completed, becoming a new urban life form and space for the post epidemic era.

▲ 视频版权 ©山间影像

上海苏河湾慎余里项目是上海苏河湾万象天地项目的重要文化地标，包括八栋二层楼的石库门里弄建筑群，是静安区文物保护点，也是上海苏河湾万象天地的重要门户之一。

Shanghai Suhewan Shenyu Lane Project is an important cultural landmark of Shanghai Suhe MixC World, including eight 2-story Shikumen Lilong buildings, totaling 6,800 square meters, which is a cultural relics in Jing'an District. As one of the important gateways to Shanghai Suhe MixC World, the historical building complex assumes an important role in witnessing the past, present and future of the eastern Suhewan area.

02、区域历史

康熙十四年，吴淞江设立石闸建立渡口形成了叫“闸北”的片区。嘉庆时期，闸北一带渐成市集，“鳞次栉比，居然墟集”。至此，这里已然从河网密布的苏州河河床变成了热闹的码头市集。

In the 14th year of Kangxi, Wusongjiang set up a stone gate to establish a ferry, forming an area called "Zhabei". During the Jiaqing period, the Zhabei area gradually became a market, "row upon row, actually a market". So far, it has been transformed from a dense river network of Suzhou Creek riverbeds into a lively dock market.

1865年上海开埠后，大量人口进入外国人居住区，引发大规模房地产开发，并兴起旧时里弄住宅的建设。慎余里所处的苏河湾地区，也逐渐从河网密布田园村庄的状态，变成成片旧时住宅用地初具雏形，并在1930年代见证了高品级石库门里弄住宅的诞生，最后形成城市密集建成区。在这一系列的城市化发展过程中，没有改变的是这里的土地权属边界和“慎餘里”这个名字。

After the opening of Shanghai in 1865, a large number of people entered into the foreign settlement area, which led to large-scale real estate development and the construction of old lane houses. In the 1930s, the Suhewan area, where Shenyu Lane is located, gradually changed from a dense network of rural villages to a patch of old residential land that began to take shape, and witnessed the birth of high-grade Shikumen houses in the 1930s, and finally formed a densely built urban area. What has not changed in this series of urbanization is the land tenure boundary and the name "Shen Yu Li".

历史地图出处：（从左到右顺序）©上海城市地图集成出版社 ©上海书画出版社 ©美国国家档案馆收藏，档案索引号：80-G-417493

03、建筑特征

1880年代，第一代慎余里出现在闸北苏州河沿岸，后因其为木板房，有消防和卫生防疫等隐患被取缔拆除。到了1931年，通和洋行（Atkinson&Dallas Architects and Civil Engineers Ltd）又在原址重新设计了新式石库门里弄，依旧沿用原有的名称“慎餘里”。虽说通和洋行是一家擅长古典主义风格的事务所，但在ARTDECO盛行的1930年代，设计师们也顺应时代的潮流，让慎余里主弄南北两端过街楼的风貌呈现出明显的装饰艺术风格，使得沿街铺面建筑延续了里弄沿街界面形式，但装饰更加的简洁和现代。

In the 1880s, the first generation of Shenyu Lane appeared along the Suzhou Creek in Zhabei District, and was later banned and demolished because wooden materials had dangers such as fire protection and health and epidemic prevention. In 1931, Atkinson & Dallas Architects and Civil Engineers Ltd redesigned the new Shikumen Lane on the original site, still using the original name "Shen Yu Li". Although Atkinson & Dallas is a firm that specializes in classicism, designers followed the trend of the times and designed buildings with ARTDECO style. The style of the gateway in Shenyu lane presents an obvious Art Deco style, and the buildings along the street continued the interface form of Lilong, but the decoration is more concise and modern.

04、修复更新

此次苏河湾慎余里的修复更新，给了我们一个机会来思考如何面对文物复原的话题，让慎余里重新站在历史的土壤上寻找到面向未来的方式。

The restoration Shenyu Lane has given us an opportunity to think about how to face the topic of cultural relics restoration, so that Shenyu Lane can re-stand on the soil of history and find a way to face the future.

A、诠释文物复原的意义，

呈现遗产的营造技艺及其价值

2011年，石库门里弄建筑营造技艺列入第三批国家非物质文化遗产名录。基于这样的背景，慎余里在复建过程中有机会诠释遗产价值多样性，让建造过程中展现的营造技艺成为遗产保护行为的一部分。

In 2011, the architectural construction skills of Shikumen were selected in the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. Based on this background, Shenyu Lane has the opportunity to show the diversity of heritage values during the restoration process, so that the construction skills displayed during the construction process can become part of the heritage conservation actions.

原材料的研读

老青砖上印刻的“陈和茂出品”字迹和1935年《吴江县政》“芦墟镇砖瓦、石灰窑等出品，运销沪渎，岁值甚巨”的描述，让我们看到了近代吴江向上海供应大量砖瓦的情景。老水刷石饰面由白色和黑色半透明的石英石颗粒组成，3层抹灰分层砌筑成型。堂屋的9色水泥花砖地坪背后印有K.H.的标记，通过100倍放大镜采集到表观的色彩，为今天修复地砖提供了重要依据。

The handwriting engraved on the original black bricks "produced by Chen Hemao" and the description of "Wujiang County Government" in 1935 "produced by bricks and tiles and lime kilns in Luxu Town, shipped to Shanghai, and numerous every year", let us see the scene of Wujiang supplying a large number of bricks and tiles to Shanghai in modern times. The original shanghai plaster is composed of white and black translucent quartz, which are formed by l 3 layers of mortors. The 9-color cement floor tile in the hall is marked with the K.H. mark on the back, and the apparent color is captured through a 100x magnifying glass, which provides an important basis for the restoration of the floor tiles today.

鉴于留存的老物件有限，我们将所有老物件都集中在人流比较密集的主弄区域，用原工艺原尺度复原了1个传统格局的单元，使历史建筑的风貌和空间为公众带来清晰的历史文化价值呈现和独特的场所体验。

Due to the limited number of historic objects, we concentrated all the historic objects in the main lane area where the pedestrian flow is relatively dense, and restored a unit of traditional pattern with the original craftsmanship and scale, so that the appearance and space of the historical building can bring the public a clear presentation of historical and cultural values and a unique experience of the place.

B、原汁原味复建的前提下，

去实现技术的创新

构造创新

清水青砖如何与混凝土框架结构吻合在一起，是建造的挑战之一。老砖已经不再作为承重结构而是装饰结构，而从外观和内部仍旧能够看到历史材料的原貌，需知老砖砌筑方式和模数，通过排砖推演还原清水砖墙的拼砌样式，同时在混凝土结构外侧采用老砖切片及连接件来实现外观风貌的统一，用最小外饰面尺寸解决历史风貌与新结构的交接，达到与原始风貌一样的状态。

How to combine bricks to the concrete frame structure is one of the construction challenges. The old bricks are no longer used as load-bearing structure, but decorative structure.The original appearance of the historical material should still be seen from the appearance and interior, the old brick masonry method and modulus need to be known, and the masonry style of the fair-faced brick wall is restored through the deduction of the bricks, and at the same time, the old brick slices and connectors are used on the outside of the concrete structure to achieve the unity of the appearance and style, and the minimum exterior finish size is used to solve the handover of the historical style and the new structure, so as to achieve the same state as the original style.

消防创新

传统石库门里弄的宽度依据的是1916年出台的《中式房屋建筑规则》，当时的里弄建筑总弄应大于十呎（约3.1米），支弄应大于七呎半（2.3米）。慎余里历史总图中记载的尺度为主弄16呎（约4.88米），支弄宽10呎（约3.05米），远超当时规范的标准和卫生防疫的要求。

The width of the traditional Shikumen is based on the 1916 Chinese House Building Rules, which stated that the main lane should be larger than 10 feet (about 3.1 meters) and the branch lanes should be larger than 7 and a half feet (2.3 meters). The scale recorded in the historical master map of Shenyuli is 16 feet (about 4.88 meters) for the main lane and 10 feet (about 3.05 meters) wide for the branch lane, which far exceeds the standard and health and epidemic prevention requirements of the time.

但面对现行消防规范，建筑间距的不足成为了横亘在保护和安全之间的难题。为了避免防火门窗、防火卷帘带来的风貌影响，选择窗喷水幕的技术来进行防火隔断，通过水幕角度和数量计算，将水幕喷头与装饰挑檐相结合，从而代替防火门窗和防火卷帘，达到了消防规范要求，同时也达成了对历史建筑风貌的最小干预。

However, in the face of current fire regulations, insufficient building spacing has become a dilemma between protection and safety. In order to avoid the influence of fire doors and windows and fire shutters, the technology of window sprinkler curtain is selected to carry out fire partition, and the water curtain sprinkler head is combined with the decorative eaves through the calculation of the angle and quantity of water curtain, so as to replace the fire doors, windows and fire shutters, meet the requirements of fire protection regulations, and also achieve the minimum intervention in the style of historical buildings.

这些技术尝试不仅为慎余里争取了最大程度的风貌呈现，也为未来其他风貌建筑的复原提供了参考思路和示范效果。

These technical attempts not only strive for the maximum degree of style presentation for Shenyu Lane, but also provide reference ideas and demonstration effects for the restoration of other style buildings in the future.

C、创造有意义的活化利用空间，

寻找保护与创新的互补与平衡

慎余里作为文化遗产，为地下商业、峡谷景观提供了充沛的设计灵感。设计与之形成互动，共同演绎苏河湾的故事：

As a cultural heritage, Shenyu Lane provides abundant design inspiration for underground commerce and canyon landscapes, and interacts with them to jointly interpret the story of Suhe wan:

沿街商铺的2栋建筑通过贯通于前屋和亭子间之间的玻璃盒子，成为进入峡谷商业的地上入口，引导人们进入地下空间；

The two buildings along the street become the above-ground entrances to the canyon through the glass box between the front house and the pavilion, leading people into the underground space;

丰富的景观场景为慎余里提供了多重体验角度，动感天桥成为观摩慎余里的最佳视角，坐在天桥的坐席上，好似一场新老对话；

The rich landscape scenes provide multiple experience angles for Shenyuli, and the dynamic flyover becomes the best perspective to observe Shenyuli, sitting on the seat of the flyover, like a dialogue between the old and the new;

步入商业峡谷，这里是仰望历史建筑的最好媒介，拓展出奇妙的空间对话；

Stepping into the commercial canyon, it is the best medium to look up at historical buildings and expand a wonderful spatial dialogue;

主弄里的特别玻璃地面，暗示着地上地下空间的关联和互动；

The special glass floor in the main lane hints at the connection and interaction between the aboveground and underground spaces;

南侧广场上运用现代景观设计手法，将石库门平面抽象成图案镶嵌在绿地中，构建一幅传承历史的大地艺术。

On the south side of the square, the landscape designer abstracted the Shikumen plane into patterns and embedded them in the green space to construct a piece of land art that inherits history.

D、让历史建筑持续作为

文化传播的媒介

在老构件复位工程开始之前，一场名为“百年苏河文化风物展”的活动先行开幕。展览以修缮实验室的方式，通过放大镜、激光校准仪等科技感十足的设备，让参观者近距离的观摩慎余里的老构件，同时穿插的文化讲座让普通市民和专业人士共同参与到了保护时间的交流中，探讨当下城市更新的重要使命。

Before resetting the historic objects back to the buildings, an exhibition called "Centennial Suhe Cultural Scenery Exhibition" was opened. The exhibition uses a renovated laboratory to allow visitors to observe the old components of Shenyu Lane up close through magnifying glasses, laser calibrators and other high-tech equipment, while interspersed with cultural lectures allow ordinary citizens and professionals to participate in the exchange of conservation time and discuss the important mission of urban renewal at present.

05、结语

慎余里从1870年到现在，一共经过了三代迭代，每一次的经历都代表了每个时代的印记。如今的慎余里建筑群作为一处石库门记忆传承的文化地标，汇集了记忆的传承，历史的切片与营造的记忆，成为全社会对上海历史文化遗产认知的一次新的集合。

Shenyu Lane has gone through three generations from 1870 to the present, and each experience represents the mark of each era. Today's Shenyu Lane Building Complex, as a cultural landmark for the inheritance of Shikumen memory, brings together the inheritance of memory, the slicing of history and the memory created, and has become a new collection of the whole society's understanding of historical and cultural heritage in Shanghai.