扭转塔和螺旋站 — 上海海上的生态基础设施 / 合尘建筑

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2023.12.29 15:57

建筑设计 HCCH合尘建筑

合作设计院 上海友为工程设计有限公司

项目地点 上海临港17公里海岸带

设计时间 2022—2023

扭转塔和螺旋站是上海临港海洋生态保护修复项目的两个点位，相隔10公里，分布于岸线。它们展示了基础设施作为点景建筑的可能性：强功能、非公共的构筑物，在生态环境跟踪监测之外，也可以通过自身功能和技术元素的外显来吸引公众目光，达到广泛意义上的科普展示作用。从建筑本体角度来说，它们也试图探讨在极有限的可操作范围内，如何用极少的形式语言和要素挪腾，寻找经济又有趣的结果。

Twisting Tower and Spiral Station are two structures of Shanghai Lingang Ecological Restoration Project, located 10 kilometers apart along the coastline. They demonstrate the possibility of infrastructure as landmark, that not only serve for ecological purpose, but also attract public attention to environmental issue through visual expression of technical elements. From an architectural perspective, they also attempt to explore economic and intriguing solution by taking minimal formal manipulation.

滩涂之上：扭转塔

扭转塔是一个碳通量监测和潮位信息警示两个功能结合的生态监测基础设施。

Twisting Tower is an ecological infrastructure that combines two functions: Carbon Flux Monitoring and Sea Level Alert.

前者通常为细高钢架方塔，包含多个标高的平台以放置和取回监测设备，提供空气监测、气候变化和鸟类观测及数据采集存储功能。后者通常为混凝土圆柱，通过顶部照明提示海洋潮汐动态、发布风暴潮警示。原本两者计划分两个点位建设，后业主决定将其合二为一，高度20米，起到区域范围内标志物的作用。

The former is typically a slender steel tower with multiple platforms at different levels for placing and retrieving monitoring equipment, providing air quality monitoring, climate change observation, bird watching, as well as data collection and storage capabilities. The latter is usually a concrete cylinder that uses top lighting to indicate dynamic ocean tides and issue storm surge warnings. Originally planned as separate structures in two locations, the client decided to combine them into one tower standing 20 meters tall to serve as a landmark within the region.

我们为合二为一的标志塔加入了上下两端“扭转”的动作，暗示构筑物结合了两种功能，并便于向不同朝向悬挂探测设备，内部通过狭窄的工作楼梯联系。钢结构主体四周由竖向金属百页包裹，在一望无际缺乏参照物的海滩上，呈现出模棱两可的尺度感。只有走近时，钢楼梯才在百页间时隐时现。

We incorporated twisting motions at both ends of the tower to imply its dual functionality while facilitating hanging detection devices in different orientations. The main steel structure is enveloped by vertical metal louvers on all sides which create an ambiguous sense of scale when viewed from vast endless coast. Only upon approaching can the internal steel staircase be glimpsed through the louver gaps.

塔的起始平面是一个3米×2米的矩形，扭转了25度后，平面缩小为2米×2米。塔顶的百页内嵌了4米高的LED灯带，用于潮位警示。灯带以下是碳通量监测区，海平面以上6米和12米高的位置各设有一个安装了碳通量监测设备的观测平台。

As a 3m x 2m rectangular footprint, the plan reduces to 2m x 2m after being twisted by 25 degrees. 4-meter-height LED light strips are embedded on the top louvers, which are used for sea level alerts. Carbon flux measurement devices are installed on the two platforms below - six meters and twelve meters in height respectively.

海的尽头：螺旋站

螺旋站是一座离岸200米的生态监测站，提供水文、气象、水质等基本监测、检测功能。螺旋站仅可通过长达20跨的栈桥到达，像是独自漂浮于海上的空间站。

Spiral Station is an offshore ecological monitoring station located 200 meters away from the shore, providing basic monitoring functions for hydrology, meteorology, water quality, etc. Floating alone on the sea, the Spiral Station can only be reached via a 20-span bridge.

任务书给定的平台尺寸为11米×11米，主体功能和形态都必须落在此范围之内。其他设施包括栈桥、防撞保护设施、通航警示标志、潮位观测井、水质采样孔等。

According to the brief, the typical dimension of the main station should be within 11 meters by 11 meters. Other affiliated facilities include a bridge, collision protection piles, tidal observation wells, and water sampling holes.

海上监测站的默认形制为矩形混凝土盒子，通过室内外楼梯连接检测平台、一二层和屋面。屋面上立有气候监测塔。测站离岸较远且海上风大，我们建议通过体量上明确的大动作来实现远观时的景观标志性，且避免增加任何多余的装饰构件。

The default massing of an offshore monitoring station is a concrete box with stairs connecting all levels and a climate tower stands on top of the roof. Considering its distant location and wind load, the proposal shifts the cubic volume into a cylinder with a spiral gesture, while avoiding any decorative components.

测站采用直径8米的圆形平面。垂直流线被抛到建筑外围，成为2米宽、从桥面一路盘旋上升至屋面的凹廊。它像一条长长的缎带，一头连接着栈桥和陆地，一头甩在空中指向立于防撞墩上的气候塔。工作人员拥有毫无遮挡的室内、均质的面海视野和极方便达到的屋面作业平台。

An eight-meter diameter circular plan is adopted with vertical circulation wrapping on its periphery. A two-meters wide slope spirals up from ground level all along until reaching the roof level, resembling a winding ribbon. One end connects to land, and the other leads to the climate tower standing on an anti-collision-pile. The station enjoys an open plan with no interruption and easy access onto the rooftop working platform.

扭转塔和螺旋站通过极少的动作和最直接的功能重构，改变了基础设施的常规范式，使成为滩涂之上和海的尽头的抽象雕塑。

Twisting Tower and Spiral Station try to go beyond the basic paradigm of infrastructure by rethinking program and taking minimal gesture, creating dual sculptures on the beach and the sea.