浙大院新作：蔡元培广场及孑民图书馆，古今互为对景

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2023.12.16 00:18

设计单位 浙江大学建筑设计研究院

项目地址 浙江绍兴

建成时间 2023年5月

建筑面积 14089.26平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

项目位于绍兴市的书圣故里，包括：原蔡元培广场的整治与提升、孑民电影院的改造与翻新，以及孑民图书馆的新建。

This project is located in a historical and cultural block in Shaoxing, renowned as Wang Xizhi’s Native Place. The construction includes the improvement and upgrading of the former Cai Yuanpei Square, the renovation and refurbishment of Jiemin Cinema, and the new srtuctures of Jiemin Library.

▲ 项目视频 ©吴清山

书圣故里具有古城典型的文脉和风貌特征，随着时间的推进和流逝，累积演化在了城市的肌理和建筑的形式表现中，既有着良性的链接，又有消极的断裂。

As the block inherits the city’s cultural features and distinctive construction style, which have accumulated and evolved over time in urban fabric and architectural features, there exists both healthy communication and undesirable ruptures across time.

我们从动态发展的历史语境中，辩证对待建址内的孑民电影院、局弄、绍兴市第五医院、蔡元培广场，以及紧邻的蔡元培故居、解放路——这一串没有被遗忘、渐趋混杂却客观存在着的真实的现在或过去。通过这个城市重要节点的更新与改造，希望让这些不同空间却相互关联的历史人物和事件，不同年代却又违和地存在的建筑空间与场所，在植入孑民图书馆的新功能的同时，协同全国文物保护单位蔡元培故居，共同承载多重开放、与古城共融共生的公共文化场所的责任。

In a historical context which is dynamically developing, we dialectically approach a series of sites within the project, namely Jiemin Cinema, Julong Lane, Shaoxing Fifth Hospital, Cai Yuanpei Square, the neighboring Cai Yuanpei Former Residence and Jiefang Road, for there intertwines the existing modernity and the occurred tradition which makes the block unforgotten, but miscellaneous. Our renewal and renovation work, based on node analysis of this ancient city, making full use of historical figures and events through vicissitudes and strangely scattered architectural spaces and venues from different times, activate Jiemin Library’s new functions to jointly shoulder the responsibility with Cai Yuanpei Former Residence, a national cultural relics protection unit, of enriching public cultural service and powering the ancient city.

绍兴各个时期老地图：南宋时期绍兴府城图书圣故里片（左）、光绪时期书圣故里地图（中）、民国时期1939年书圣故里地图（右）

设计对原蔡元培广场、孓民电影院和已拆除的第五医院等区域，通过改造、翻建和新建等方式，整体呈现一个全新的蔡元培广场、孓民剧院和孑民图书馆等城市公共文化场所，以弘扬蔡元培思想精神，延续并增强该历史街区的城市文脉和风貌特征，从而达到“我们要做活的建筑既应有‘纯粹之美育，所以陶养吾人之感情’，又该有相应的时代活力，且能够‘兼收并蓄’，协调周围的环境和多种社会功能”的项目建设初衷，完成建筑师对该项目的场所意义、现代性表达，以及历史的延续、并存与再生所设立的方向和目标。

The project designs to replace the former Cai Yuanpei Square, Jiemin Cinema and the former site of Shaoxing Fifth Hospital, with brand-new Cai Yuanpei Square, Jiemin Theatre, Jiemin Library and other urban public cultural venues through renovation and refurbishment and construction, in order to carry forward the Yuanpei spirit, and to perpetuate the cultural cannon of the city with more prominent feature of this historical district. Thus, it achieves the original goal of making buildings alive under the guidance of Cai Yuanpei’s philosophy of pure aesthetic education which cultivates human feelings, and combining the vitality of the times with an inclusiveness to empower buildings with various social functions when they grow in the surroundings. The project also thoroughly delivers architects’ objectives in terms of the 'genius loci', the expression of modernity, the continuation and regeneration of history in its coexistence with modernity.

设计保留了原蔡元培广场的纪念性和市民集会功能、原广场的“L”型布局、原广场南侧的木结构长廊，为了广场更好的开放性，微调了蔡元培先生铜像位置，并作整合翻新，留住市民们广场上、长廊下闲谈休憩的记忆场景。

The current Cai Yuanpei Square still serves as memorial and public gathering place with preserved ‘L’ shape layout and wooden structure of the south promenade as before. To guarantee better openness, we re-install the bronze statue of Mr. Cai Yuanpei but somewhere not far from its original location, and conduct integrated renovation which captures peoples’ living memory of resting and chatting in the square and the promenade.

项目的核心，是拆除原来极其违和的第五医院，新建孑民图书馆。我们首先保留了局弄，以建立北侧局弄与南侧广场的贯通，确保书圣故里古城肌理的延续和完整，并试图让图书馆南侧横向与蔡元培故居产生关联。由此，我们确立了孑民图书馆的准确建址，并思考如何让其与东侧的故居相邻，与西侧的孑民电影院为伍。这两条通道特意采用了老石板作为铺装，暗示古城肌理的延伸和故里脉络的相对原真性。

The core of the project is to remove the former Shaoxing Fifth Hospital which was alien to the block, for the newly built Jiemin Library. We firstly reserved the Julong Lane to link its north side and the square on the south, restoring and extending the historic urban fabric of the ancient city where Wang Xizhi’s Native Place locates. As for the final decision of the placement of Jiemin Library, we considered how to make the south side of the library interact horizontally with Cai Yuanpei Former Residence, and how to make the library neighbor in harmony with the former residence on the east side, and Jiemin Cinema on the west side. The lanes are paved with weather-beaten stone slabs, indicating that the urban fabric of the ancient city continues in an original context of Wang Xizhi’s Native Place.

改造后的孑民电影院已重新被称为“孑民剧院”，以回应上世纪50年代初建设之初的“新民戏院”。整个剧院的改造，保留了原建筑空间及结构框架，做了室内功能的更新提升和外立面重塑，以期继续保留演出与放映功能，让“新民戏院”的历史乃至古城百姓的青春记忆得以延续。

The renovated Jiemin Cinema has been renamed Jiemin Theatre in honor of its antecedent built in the early 1950s. The renovation of the entire theatre retained the original architectural space and structural framework, upgraded the interior functions and reshaped the facades, with a view to preserve the functions of stage performance and film projection, pertinaciously continued to show the history of Xinmin Theatre as well as people’s memory of the ancient city from early years.

新建的孑民图书馆，由于限高控制，我们通过层高控制和合理分配，分别在地下设置了蔡元培生平事迹展，地上安排了两层图书馆及中央通高的元培讲堂，以及特别设立的屋顶观光休闲平台。从平台眺望四周，是书圣故里的故里群像和远处城市广场的大善塔。

In Jiemin Library, due to the height control, the reasonable distribution work including the floor-to-floor height restriction, manage to set up exhibition on the life of Cai Yuanpei in the underground. On the ground, the two-storey library is equipped with the full height Yuanpei Lecture Hall inside, as well as the specially designed platform on the rooftop for sightseeing and leisure, which overlooks a cluster of buildings in the block and stares at Dashan Pagoda in the distance.

图书馆西侧与孑民剧院以局弄相隔，东侧与故居以一水院相邻，彼此对望。水院的一侧是被完整呈现的优美的蔡元培故居山墙轮廓线，代表了书圣故里明清台门风采的传统意蕴；另一侧则是演绎了肌理与映射的图书馆现代盒子，暗红色的UHPC板，图样采撷自故里的漏窗，色彩是传统的木红色。两者通过新建建筑一层外墙通长的高反射单向镜面玻璃，淋漓尽致地讲述了新与旧、过去与现在的对话与碰撞。

On the west side of the library, it is separated from Jiemin Theatre by the Julong Lane. On the east side, it looks across a water courtyard at the former residence. On one side of the water courtyard is the beautifully rendered silhouette of gable roofs of the former residence, indicating the beauty and philosophy of traditional Shaoxing Taimen architectures blossomed during Ming and Qing Dynasty in this block. On the other side is the box-like contemporary library, interpreting texture and mapping of the city with dark red UHPC panels, traditional local leaky window pattern, and traditional wood-red paint. Through a highly reflective one-way mirrored glass that runs the length of the new building’s ground floor facade, the design tells the dialogue and collision between the old and the new, the past and the present.

水院的南侧有一观景开口，远处是千年蕺山和文笔塔，开口处设有一平台，左侧是演绎了暗红色漏窗却极具现代的图书馆盒子，右侧是故居经典的山墙轮廓线。近处的浅水面，将所有的一切映入其中。

On the south side of the water courtyard there is an opening viewing spot against the thousand-year-old Jishan Mountain and Wenbi Pagoda in the distance. Its platform is located on the right of the modern library but wrapped with traditional leak windows painted in dark red, and on the left of the classic gable silhouette of Cai’s former residence. The shallow water surface nearby mirrors all the scenery.

一片墙，一棵树，一处石，一面镜子，细述着传统与现代，感动着心绪和灵魂。能说的，自不必说，不能说的，就更不能说，那种禅机，无法抹去。
A piece of wall, a tree, a pile of stone, and a mirror constitute the melodious narration fluting from tradition to modernity, touching hearts and souls. What can be said at all does not have to be said, and what we cannot talk about must be passed over in silence. Such tranquility perpetuates the charm of arousing one’s emergence from self-nonage.

这个项目的设计，以“诠释传统，重构当下”的建构理念与思想留住了一个真实的过去，建立一个真实的不同意义整合的现在。

The design concept of this project, ‘interpreting the tradition to reconstruct the present’, helps to retain a real past when establishing an authentic present integrated with different meanings.