松林的蝶变：日照云过山丘“松衣剧场” / 孔祥伟工作室

编辑：李华（实习） | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2023.07.17 10:55

设计单位 孔祥伟工作室

项目地点 山东日照

建成时间 2023年6月

建筑面积 500平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

“堂下何所有，十松当我阶。乱立无行次，高下亦不齐。

高者三丈长，下者十尺低。有如野生物，不知何人栽。”

——白居易《庭松》

在文学艺术的长河里，松作为常见的中国文化意象，频繁出现在诗歌和绘画作品中。白居易这首《庭松》，不写山野之松，却道一片庭院中的寻常松树，栽种之法看似杂乱无章，“有如野生之物”，实则杂乱中又隐藏了诗意。

In the long river of literature and art, pine, as a common Chinese cultural image, frequently appears in poetry and painting works. Bai Juyi's poem " Pine in court" does not write about pine trees in nature, but rather about ordinary pine trees in a courtyard. The planting method seems chaotic and "like wild things," but in reality, there is a hidden poetic meaning in the chaos.

▲ 项目视频 ©直译建筑摄影

险些被砍掉的松林

故里日照吴家台村西有一座丘陵，原为荒山，友人闫早宁耗时二十年，改为茶园，命名“云过山丘”。他邀我给这个园子做些新事物。初次进园信步闲逛，进入一片松林，其间松树如白居易《庭松》之松，杂乱生气，虽由人栽，却似野生之物。松林幽暗，地面堆叠厚厚松针。早宁却想把这片树砍掉，他怕松针易燃，但松树为亲手所植，又有不舍。我提议可做一个松树下的场所，譬如剧场，以解两难。这些松针是上好的燃料，小时候的火房里经常是松针燃烧的味道，颇为治愈。说话的间隙，微风吹过，松针飘落，刹那间，我很想织一张网把这些自然掉落的松针接住。松针如松树的衣服，场所便以《松衣剧场》为题。

There is a hill in the west Rizhao, my hometown. It was originally a barren mountain, but my friend Mr. Yan Zanning spent 20 years changing it to a tea garden and naming it "Cloud Passing Hill". Mr. Yan invited me to do some new things for this garden. For the first time strolling in the garden, one suddenly enters a pine forest, where the pine trees are like those in Bai Juyi's "Ting Song", messy and lively. Although planted by humans, they look like wild animals. The pine forest is dark, with thick pine needles stacked on the ground. Mr. Yan, on the other hand, wanted to cut down this tree because he was afraid that pine needles would be flammable, but the pine tree was planted by hand and he was reluctant to part with it. I suggest creating a place under a pine tree, such as a theater, to solve the dilemma. These pine needles are excellent fuel, and when I was a child, the smell of pine needles burning in the fire room was often very healing. During my speech, a gentle breeze blew through and pine needles fell. In an instant, I wanted to weave a net to catch these naturally falling pine needles. The clothes of pine needles are like those of pine trees, and the site is inspired as "Pine Clothes Theater", pronounce songyi in Chinese.

无限接近自然

中国人与自然的亲密接触，深藏于基因，滥觞于文学。王维绝句，陶潜信笔，山石皆依靠，草木皆友人。古人喜好在自然里修房筑亭，让日常活动和自然万物处在一种妙趣的关系中。中国山水画，自唐至今，从《富春山居》到宾虹笔墨，都在记录这些情景。松衣剧场也在这片松林中展开。

The close contact between Chinese people and nature is deeply rooted in genes and originated in literature. Wang Wei's quatrains, Tao Qianxin's pen. All mountains and stones are relied on, and all plants and trees are friends. The ancients liked to build houses and pavilions in nature, allowing daily activities to be in a fascinating relationship with all things in nature. Chinese Shan shui has been recording these scenes since the Tang Dynasty, from "Fuchun Mountain Dwelling" to Binhong's ink work. The Songyi Theater is also unfolding in this pine forest.

场地之魅

晚间画草图，松林下设构筑，构筑上织网。隔天放线，松林中踱步，松树间距宽窄不一，但恰有环形间隙环绕松林，遂将间隙作为环形廊道，松林南部有高台，拟作舞台。石膏粉放线后，早宁诧异，不砍一树，却成廊道，似乎这片松林早已准备好安放这个廊道。我也惊奇，这可能就是“自然之魅”吧！

Draw sketches in the evening, construct under the pine forest, and weave a net on top of it. The next day, the line was set out and the pine forest was paced. The spacing between the pine trees varied in width, but there was a circular gap surrounding the pine forest. Therefore, the gap was used as a circular corridor, and there was a high platform in the south of the pine forest, which was planned to be used as a stage. After the gypsum powder was laid out, Mr. Yan was surprised. Instead of cutting down a tree, it became a corridor, as if the pine forest was already ready to accommodate this corridor. I'm also surprised, this may be the charm of nature.

松林栽“树”

用钢材来实现这个剧场，价廉且快速。早宁找来这一带最好的电焊匠人李师傅，一起直奔钢材市场挑选材料。结构主体用32毫米直径的空心钢管为主材，15毫米直径为辅材。而想要的“轻盈的网”，寻遍市场，只一种规格的钢丝网合适。最初构想为一组组直立的“树”与松林相对而立，半天便把一组搭建完成。晚上细化草图，因疲惫而出的歪歪扭扭手绘稿，突然给了我灵感，何不做成野趣生长的歪歪扭扭的雕塑树呢？第二天便改变做法，焊好雕塑树，栽到地里去。过程如春天植树，充满期待、妙趣横生。

Using steel to achieve this theater is cheap and fast. Mr. Yan brought the best welding craftsman in this area, Master Li, and went straight to the steel market to select materials together. The main structure is made of 32 millimeter diameter hollow steel pipes as the main material, and 15 millimeter diameter as auxiliary materials. And the "lightweight mesh" you want is suitable for only one specification of steel wire mesh in the market. The initial idea was for a group of upright "trees" to stand in front of a pine forest, and the group was built in half a day. At night, refining the sketches, the crooked and twisted manuscripts produced due to exhaustion suddenly gave inspiration. Why not create a wild and twisted sculpture tree? The next day, he changed his approach by welding the sculpture tree and planting it in the ground. The process is like planting trees in spring, filled with anticipation and wit.

“树”与“树”结构相连成一个整体，上附接松针的网采用1.5米的模数，与“树”的比例相合。既保证了自然卷曲的柔性，也保证了范围内的韧性。整片新栽的“树”占松树林约五分之一。一边是自然松林，一边是硬朗又轻柔的雕塑树，可爱地对立又自然地融入。

The "tree" and "tree" structures are connected as a whole, and the net attached with pine needles adopts a modulus of one and a half meters, which is in proportion to the "tree". It not only ensures the flexibility of natural curling, but also ensures the toughness within the range. The newly planted 'trees' account for about one-fifth of the pine forest. On one side is a natural pine forest, while on the other is a tough and gentle sculpture tree, lovingly opposing and naturally integrating.

光色之舞

雕塑树构筑通体银色，和着浓绿松林背景，银灰和绿色成为剧场的主题色。在不同时段，剧场呈现不同的光色变化：晴天银光闪闪；阴天松绿浓重；雨天银网挂满雨滴，晶莹剔透；朝霞落日或魏紫，或金黄。

The sculpture tree is constructed in a silver color, with a thick green pine forest background, and silver gray and green become the theme colors of the theater. At different times, the theater presents different changes in light and color: silver glitters on sunny days, dense pine green on cloudy days, and raindrops hanging on the silver screen on rainy days, crystal clear; Morning and sunset, or Wei purple, or golden yellow.

满铺灰色玄武岩石子的地面也在这般变化中光影丰富起来：松林的投影随风而动，形态自由；构筑的投影几何感十足且边界分明；金属网的影子细密而柔和，三者叠加，趣味奇妙。

The ground covered in gray basalt stones is also enriched with light and shadow in such changes: the projection of the pine forest moves with the wind, with free form; The constructed projection has a strong geometric sense and clear boundaries, and the shadows of the metal mesh are fine and soft. The three are superimposed, making it interesting and wonderful.

入夜灯光亮起，整个剧场霎时变得梦幻起来。一片深绿色调的松林背景衬托散发着银色光芒的雕塑树林，柔光漫射的金属网犹如漂浮在空中。自然和人工构筑在这一刻相融，现实和虚幻合一，超现实主义的美学之舞在剧场上演。

At night, the lights lit up and the entire theater suddenly became dreamy. A dark green pine forest background sets off a sculptural forest that emits silver light, and the soft and diffuse metal mesh floats in the air. At this moment, nature and artificial construction are integrated, reality and illusion are integrated, and the aesthetic dance of Surrealism is staged in the theater.

凋落与新生

松衣剧场的灵感来自于凋落的松针，并试图与之产生链接。在第一片金属网固定上去的时候，松针便开始落下，果然是属于松针的剧场。松针总是两棵长到一起，倒挂在“网衣”上。山风吹拂，松针轻轻晃动，凋落的松针被再次赋予生命力。从松林看去，松针似漂浮在空中，颇有几丝禅意。予平凡事物以诗意，是对自然最好的致敬。

The inspiration for the Songyi Theater comes from the fallen pine needles and attempts to create a connection with them. When the first metal mesh was fixed, the pine needles began to fall, and it was indeed a theater belonging to the pine needles. Pine needles always grow together and hang upside down on the "net coat". The mountain breeze blew, and the pine needles swayed gently. The withered pine needles were once again given vitality. From the pine forest, pine needles seem to float in the air, with a hint of Zen. Giving poetry to ordinary things is the best tribute to nature.

剧场的无限可能

剧场无界，使用亦无限制，可做舞台、可游逛；可聆听鸟语，夏天纳凉，冬日赏雪；可静思、可冥想。剧场也是动物的舞台：松鼠跳跃其上，蝴蝶常常来做客。最动人的画面，是蹒跚学步的娃娃在剧场中踱步，孩子喜欢松软石子，亦好奇于这片夜色的构筑。

The theater has no boundaries, and there are no restrictions on its use. It can serve as a stage, wander around, listen to bird songs, enjoy the cool in summer, admire the snow in winter, meditate and meditate. The theater is also a stage for animals: squirrels jump on it, and butterflies often come as guests. The most touching scene is a toddler strolling in the theater, with children fond of soft stones and curious about the construction of the night.

在场营造

没有既定图纸的在场创作，总是充满意外和惊喜。整个过程中，设计师的思维、感知、身体与场地反复对话，并不断反馈于设计，施工匠人们同时也在创造随机性。起始没人会知道既定的结果，结果在诸多不确定中产生。这种顺势而为的临场性状态，在大的框架下导向一个意想不到的期待和结果。

Creating without established drawings is always full of surprises and surprises. Throughout the entire process, the designer's thinking, perception, and body engage in repeated conversations with the site, constantly providing feedback to the design, while the construction workers also create randomness. At the beginning, no one will know the predetermined outcome, but the outcome arises amidst many uncertainties. This improvised state of taking advantage of the situation leads to unexpected expectations and outcomes within a large framework.

诗意之地的塑造

一切工作都导向诗意空间的塑造。松林、构筑、光影、色彩、阴阳、虚实、时间、空间，都是设计要素；剧场中的一切人、事、物、状态，都是情境的塑造者。松衣剧场希望成为弱化边界的画布，舞蹈、音乐；自然气候的雨、露、风、雪；飞鸟、蝴蝶和昆虫，一切自然与人工，入幕即为画，皆成诗意情景的创造者。

All work is directed towards shaping poetic spaces.

Pine forest, architecture, light and shadow, color, yin and yang, emptiness and reality, time, space, are all design elements; All people, things, objects, and states in a theater are the shapers of the situation. The Songyi Theater hopes to become a canvas that weakens boundaries, with dance, music, rain, dew, wind, snow in the natural climate, birds, butterflies, and insects, all natural and artificial. Upon entering the screen, it becomes a painting, all creators of poetic scenes.

在松衣剧场，我们希望每一次的松衣落下，都被轻柔的丝网捕捉。让自然成为背景，也让自然成为主角，让到来的所有事物的每一次出场和入场，都与剧场一起塑造空间的诗学。

At the Songyi Theater, we hope that every time a Songyi falls, it is captured by a gentle silk screen. Let nature become the background and the protagonist, and let every appearance and entry of everything that comes together with the theater shape the poetics of space.