自然中的慢生活：芜湖中江公园景观 / 奥雅设计

Odette | 编辑：袁蓓祺 | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2023.04.18 19:11

设计单位 深圳奥雅设计股份有限公司

项目地点 安徽芜湖

设计时间 2008年

占地面积 48公顷

撰文 Odette

本文文字由设计单位提供。

黄鹤楼中吹玉笛，江城五月落梅花。

In the Yellow Crane Tower the jade flute is being played, while in the River City plum blossoms are dropping in May.

芜湖，生我养我的小城

人们认识芜湖，往往是从长江开始的。李白曾在诗中以“江城”指代武汉，但不知从何时起，“江城”也指代了芜湖这一座长江小城。这座长江小城，便是生我养我的地方。

The “River City” mentioned in the poet of Li Bai actually refers to the City of Wuhan. But we don’t know when it happened, “River City” has since been used to describe Wuhu, a small city located by the Yangtze River, where I was born and grew up.

我在芜湖度过了少年时光。从前的芜湖，东西很窄，南北很长，像一根扁担，一头是我中学时代沉重的学业压力，一头是难以安放的青春期情绪。拥抱大片的自然景致是放松和散心的最好途径。我特别喜欢去公园，听水流、闻风吹草动、观察花鸟和人群，我可以在公园里日行一万步。

My teenage years were spent in Wuhu, which was once narrow from east to west and long from north to south. It was like a shoulder pole: one end was loaded with the heavy academic pressure, and the other was the emotional ups and downs of adolescence. At that time, the park was a haven of peace and tranquility, where I could wander around, listening to water and wind, watching birds, flowers and crowds, and loosening up in body and mind.

接着，芜湖出现了中央公园，“中央”两个字似乎有着与大城市市政公园一样的气魄。在芜湖这样的小城，我忍不住想，这两个字是不是代表着更多向城市规划妥协的意味，少了一些人情味？

Afterwards, the park was named “Wuhu Central Park”. Prestigious as it sounded, I couldn’t help thinking, “is it a compromise with the urban planning? Is it what a small city like Wuhu really needs?”

后来我远离故乡，也时不时在一线城市的市政公园踱步，但没有一座公园能像芜湖中央公园这样让我饱含情愫、行走自如。就像詹迪·尼尔森所说，“遇见灵魂伴侣的感觉，就好像走进一座你曾经住过的房子里，你认识那些家具，认识墙上的画、架上的书、抽屉里的东西，如果在这个房子里你陷入黑暗，你也仍然能够自如地四处行走。”

Later, I was away from my hometown. Having visited many municipal parks of first-tier cities, I finally found there’s not a park like Wuhu Central Park which allows me to release my innermost emotions and walk around freely. As Jandy Nelson puts it, “Meeting your soul mate is like walking into a house you’ve been in before——you will recognize the furniture, the pictures on the wall, the books on the shelves, the contents of drawers; You could find your way around in the dark if you had to.”

回归生活

一个个城市公共空间的变更与迭新，都成为了芜湖发展前进的历史印记，往来的芜湖人也在不断丰富着这座城市的肌理。当我再度踏上中央公园，城市变化带给我的感受更为深刻。

Public spaces change and upgrade, marking the development of Wuhu; people come and go, constantly enriching the texture of the city. When I returned and set foot in the Central Park again, the changes of the park and the city impressed me a lot.

比如，中央公园在2020年就改名了，改成了“中江公园”。中江东通太湖，西流长江，芜湖是中江和长江交汇处的重要渡口，中江之于芜湖，具有独特的地理标识和文化象征意义，不得不说，“中江公园”这个名字让本地人更为津津乐道。

Wuhu Central Park, for example, has changed its name to “Zhongjiang Park” since 2020. Connecting to Taihu Lake in the east and flowing into the Yangtze River in the west, the Zhongjiang River serves as a unique symbol for Wuhu both geographically and culturally. Needless to say, the new name suits the city better.

回到芜湖，回到中江公园，我仿佛也回到了少年时代的自己，在各种闪回的记忆窗口中体会过去，勾出了“我”在具体物理空间中的城市回忆。

Returning to Wuhu and visiting Zhongjiang Park again, I felt as if I were back to my youth. Past memories flashed back, bringing me back to the old days and the old city.

走走停停，漫步于蜿蜒的绿地，此刻我仿佛已从大城市的焦虑中抽身，重新走进了生活。我问自己，已有多久没有像这样观察和捕捉身边的美好？

Wandering along the winding green path allowed me to escape from the hustle and bustle of big cities, and feel completely at ease. How long have you not seen and captured the beauty around you like this?

湖光山色，溪流叠瀑，公园在阳光的润泽下愈发生机盎然。代代芜湖人在此行走、漫步、消磨时光，微风拂过孩童的发梢与垂柳的叶尖，岁月的流逝在这里仿佛不值一提。

With lakes, hills, streams and cascades around, the park is full of life under the sun. Walking around in the gentle breeze with willows lightly swaying, people of all ages will enjoy themselves and forget the passage of time.

错落有致的多种绿植让空间更有活力与野趣，慢跑的青年、嬉笑打闹的家庭、遛狗的女孩，一帧帧画面浪漫拼接成具象的生活，属于小城的慢节奏与舒适感无尽蔓延。

A variety of well-arranged green plants contribute to a wild and dynamic space. Some young people were jogging, the family were laughing, and a girl was walking a dog, together creating a romantic picture of life that showcases the slow pace and comfort of the small city.

阳光下手牵手同行的妈妈和小孩，在公园内收获了属于周末的快乐。野餐、放风筝、露营、垂钓，比起在大城市追赶时间，不如在小城的公园中慢慢体会四季的变化。

The mother and child walked hand in hand in the sunshine, enjoying their happy weekend. Here in the park of a small city, you can have a picnic, fly kites, camp or fish, experiencing the changes of four seasons instead of rushing at life in big cities.

雕塑艺术随机出现在公园中的各个角落，水岸、沙滩、钟乐、水鸟、人间烟火，构成一组悠长的生活叙事诗。

Sculptures appear randomly in every corner of the park, forming a narrative poem together with the waterfront, the beach, the bell, the waterfowls and the people around.

在这里，生活不是横平竖直的。孩子们在蜿蜒的游乐场中尽兴玩耍、享受童年，充满感染力和生命力的欢笑声让微凉的空气也变得燥热。人造沙滩、阳光和爸妈的爱，万物生机勃勃。

Life here is colorful. Children enjoy themselves in the playground, on the beach, in the sunshine, and the in love of their parents. The air is filled with their laughter and happiness.

芜湖一日，我绕着中江公园转了两圈，想明白了很多。我相信，没有一场经历是白费的。也许这就是公园空间本身给我的意义，在热闹之中找到活力，在僻静中还回自己。

The one-day tour in Wuhu ended up in Zhongjiang Park, where I understood a lot. I believe that no experience is ever in vain. Maybe this is what the park wants to tell me — to feel vitality in crowd and to find myself in tranquility.

日暮余霞，离开芜湖中江公园之时，轻舟已过万重山。

When I left Zhongjiang Park at sunset, I had got into a whole new state of mind.

从失落的空间到城市绿岛

一个偶然，我得知设计师之前坚持了自己把原中央公园做成连续带状公园的想法，避免了场地绿带被切割成9个长方形绿块。我听完颇为触动，因为他的坚持，芜湖少了一个千篇一律的“失落的空间”，中江公园也接替了赭山公园、镜湖公园和花鸟市场，成为我新的家乡落脚点，也会继续承载一代又一代芜湖人的成长记忆。这是真正属于我们的市民公园，是“山水间的绿飘带”，而不是一个无人问津的城市绿岛。

I learned by chance that the designer had stuck to his idea of making the original Central Park a ribbon park, avoiding the scene where the green belt was cut into nine rectangular pieces. Having listened to the story behind the park, I was quite moved. Because of the designer’s insistence, Wuhu has saved itself from a stereotypical “lost space”. Zhongjiang Park, taking the place Zheshan Park, Jinghu Park as well as the Flower and Bird Market, has become my new favorite and will carry the memories of Wuhu people generation after generation. It is a park that really belongs to all of us, a “green ribbon between mountains and rivers” rather than a green island in the city that no one visits.

“一个完整的城市形象给市民带来持久的认同感和归属感。一个城市的理想公园是市政的重要形象，它的面积应该足够大，能够吸引一个城市的居民周末来这里游玩。这个公园应该是一个配套休息功能齐全，绿色的、人车分流的和可持续发展的大型公共开放空间。”

A complete image of a city gives citizens a lasting sense of identity and belonging. An ideal urban park is an important image of a city, which should be large enough, multi-functional and sustainable to attract residents to spend weekends here.

芜湖中江公园在设计时利用了河、道、丘、林4种要素，在城市中心营造出具有生态保育功能的绿地系统。

The design of Zhongjiang Park takes advantage of river, green path, hill and wood, creating a an ecological and sustainable green system.

“河”指的是人工景观水系，其水位设计标高兼顾城市水系规划，低于市政道路约2米；“道”指园区内的步行、慢行道路系统及其所联系的系列公共活动空间；“丘”指人工地形体系，可消化开挖河道产生的土方，并自然形成地面径流的汇水区域；“林”则指由疏林缀花草地、生态草沟、湿地种植区组成的种植系统，起到减缓地面径流速度，回渗、调蓄、净化、回流地表径流的作用。

“River” refers to the artificial landscape water system, and its water level design takes into account the urban water system planning, which is about two meters lower than the municipal road. “Path” refers to the walking system in the park as well as the public activity spaces connected with it. “Hill” refers to the artificial hill formed by the earth from the excavation of the river, which helps to collect rainwater. “Wood” refers to the planting system composed of lawns with flowers and grass, ecological grass ditch and wetland planting area, which plays a role in slowing down the ground runoff as well as storing and purifying rainwater.

公园基地的基础为淤泥土质，水文地质条件复杂，地下水位、地表径流皆受季节影响，时枯时涝。设计师通过合理应用竖向工程措施，该项目化不利条件为特色优势，塑造了既具有城市防涝功能，又具有景观特色的雨洪管理系统，使芜湖中江公园成为城市中心的绿色基础设施。

The foundations of the park are solid with silt, and the hydrogeological conditions are complex with its groundwater level and surface runoff greatly affected by season, thus sometimes dry and sometimes waterlogged. Therefore, the designer explored vertically and turned the unfavorable conditions into advantages, creating a rainwater management system which not only functional but also visually impressive. It makes Zhongjiang Park a green infrastructure in the city center.

设计师利用场地雨量充沛、水资源丰富的特点，塑造地形，对雨水加以汇聚和利用；同时，设置生态草沟、湿地种植区和景观水系，作为调蓄兼顾的雨洪管理体系，以及采用生态石笼驳岸稳固水土。

To make full use of the abundant rainfall and water resources, the designer reshaped the terrain to gather and use the rainwater. At the same time, ecological grass ditches, wetland planting area, and landscape waters formed the powerful rainwater management system. In addition, ecological gabion revetments were built to prevent the loss of soil and water.

为应对季节性洪涝，芜湖中江公园建造了若干泵站，将设计水系的常水位控制在4.8米，并综合降雨径流量、蒸发损失量、地下水补给量和渗透损失量等各方面的影响，使得场地内水境的水量需求依靠自然降水补给可得到充分的满足。

To cope with seasonal flooding, a number of pump stations were built, and the normal water levels are controlled at 4.8m. The park turns out to be self-sufficient in water by making best use of rainwater and groundwater.

海绵城市建设一方面可以缓解城市内涝，另一方面改善了区域生态环境。奥雅设计团队在芜湖中江公园的设计过程中结合生态草沟和人工湿地，出色地完成了对区域雨洪的管理，并在建成后的几年内达到了良好的后期效果，为芜湖带来一片城市中心的绿肺。

The construction of Sponge City can not only solve the problem of urban waterlogging but also improve the ecological environment. In the design for Zhongjiang Park, L & A team effectively managed the rainwater through the building of grass ditches and artificial wetland. And the rainwater management system has achieved good results within a few years after the completion, making the park a green lung of Wuhu in the city center.