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脚手架上跨山谷:安徽霍山太阳乡竹林徒步道 / 傅英斌工作室

脚手架上跨山谷:安徽霍山太阳乡竹林徒步道 / 傅英斌工作室
编辑:袁蓓祺 | 校对:袁蓓祺 | 2023.03.07 20:37
竹林栈桥 ©傅英斌工作室

设计单位  傅英斌工作室

项目地址  安徽六安

建成时间  2022年8月

项目面积  0.8公顷


本文文字由设计单位提供。

 

竹林步道是整个大别山森林徒步道中的一个景观段落,横跨一片长满竹子的山谷,一路抵达山顶一棵挺拔参天的大松树下。这里的竹子生长于山谷之中,为了获取顶部宝贵的阳光而竞相向上不断生长。竹林旺盛的生命力和山谷清幽深邃的意境,构成场地中的独特景观。

The bamboo forest walking path is a landscape node of the Dabie Forest Trail. It lays across a valley full of bamboo and ended at the foot of a giant pine tree on the hilltop. Here in the tranquil valley, bamboo grows vigorously to reach the precious sunlight above, which constituted a unique view.

 

我们希望步道介入场地时,尽可能避免破坏这种充满原始野趣的意境,在保护竹林自然环境的基础上,使用与环境协调的建造语言,让步道融入到场地的自然环境中。

In designing the walking path, we intended to not only preserve the site view and the ecological environment but also to make the new-built trail blend in with the landscape naturally.

 

建成后的竹林栈道 ©傅英斌工作室

 

思考与启发

在山区施工除了会对自然场地造成破坏,还经常面临材料难以运输、水电不通造成的现场施工问题,施工方式因此较为有限。此外,地方工人的施工工艺水平也往往有很大局限。因此,我们需要根据当地情况选择恰当的低影响且易操作的建造模式。

There are many construction challenges in the mountain area. For example, the construction activity may harm the natural environment, the material could be difficult to transport, and the construction method is limited due to the lack of water or electricity. In addition, the overall construction standards may fail to meet the requirements. Hence, the construction method of the walking path should be localized, can be easily operated, and with low intervention to the environment.

 

我们曾在邻近的山区见到一处工人用脚手架和木板搭建的临时施工便道,其顺应地势起伏铺展在山间,用最直接有效的方式解决了山间交通的问题。脚手架这种纤细轻盈的材料,在山间也形成了与环境极为和谐的画面。类似的民间建造在乡村其实随处可见,简单有效的手段,却意外地充满建构的趣味。

We have seen a construction access road built with wood planks and scaffoldings by local workers. It goes along with the mountainous terrain naturally and most of all, it solved accessible problems effectively. The slenderness and lightness of the scaffolding create a harmonious sense within the landscape. Such folk constructions are frequently used in the rural area. Usually, they are easily built, but with playfulness construction thoughts.

 

当地工人搭建的山间施工便道 ©傅英斌工作室

 

低干预和单元化的建造方式

我们采用脚手架作为竹林山谷和大松树两处节点的建造材料,并设计了一个脚手架建造单元。这样,两处节点只需要根据不同长度需要,进行单元组合即可,大大减少了建造的复杂程度。其他部分的步道则依托现有小路,简单地以毛石铺地。

A modular scaffolding unit is used for the construction of the two plank roads in the bamboo forest and under the pine tree. The unit can be combined to different lengths according to needs, which simplified the construction process. The other trail linking the plank road is paved with rubble stone.

 

栈道主体使用脚手架搭建,其架管和连接件都是可以在市场上轻易购买到的工业成品,且具有多种规格可供选择,无需现场加工,对施工精度和工人技术要求也不高,这些都提高了我们在山地搭建的灵活度。此外,钢材作为结构也能使栈道更耐久,适宜山区多变的天气。此处的山区盛产毛竹,村民会将山中成熟的毛竹整段砍下运出销售,砍下的毛竹长十米有余,因此脚手架钢管的运输可以方便地利用山中农户运输毛竹的小径。至于围护和铺地使用的防腐木板,以跨度为长度模数提前加工好之后,运至现场后使用U型管卡直接安装。整个栈桥建造过程无需任何现场焊接,全部用管卡组装完成,工人需要的工具仅仅是一把电动扳手。以上这些做法,均减少了现场的加工量,有效地保护了场地自然面貌。

The main structure of the walking path is made by the scaffold, which is an industrial material that could be easily acquired in the local building materials market. It does not need on-site processing, can be easily constructed, has various sizes, and is more durable in mountainous weather. Bamboo is a productive crop for the locals. The access path to transport the bamboo brings more convenience for the transporting of scaffolds. The paving and railing are made of anti-corrosion woods, which are pre-processed to the needed length, then transport to the site and installed by U clamps. In this way, the whole assembling process acquires no need for on-site welding, which reduced on-site processing and protects the environment.

 

栈道轴测图 ©傅英斌工作室
竹林栈桥 ©傅英斌工作室
竹林步道 ©傅英斌工作室

 

融入既有的景观中

在茂密的竹林中,设计置入了同样竖向排列的脚手架,其仿佛同竹林一样在向上生长。纤细的脚架和毛竹相互掩映,消隐成竹林的一部分。木栈道依托于脚手架轻巧的结构,横跨在山谷中。随着气候和季节的交替,木材本身会留下时间的痕迹,使栈道同竹林一样具有生命的温度。

The slime tube of the scaffolding stands vertically like bamboo, merging itself into the environment. The wooden plank will be changed by rain and wind like all plants in the valley, breathing just like other living creatures.

 

竹林栈桥 ©傅英斌工作室

从远处看去,横向展开的木栈道和红色扶手穿插在竹林的竖向构图中,产生一种漂浮感。栈道底部架空高达6米,地面的植物仍可以自由生长,而人们也得以在竹林高处穿行,在另一种高度与竹林产生互动。这种在空中与竹林相遇的空间,也为游客带来了全新的徒步体验。

The plank road lies in the valley, six meters above the ground. Plants still can grow on the ground. People can walk on the above and have a new spatial experience.

 

竹林栈桥 ©傅英斌工作室

 

万物有灵

竹林步道所在的山顶上矗立着一棵古松树,高耸入云。

On the hilltop of the bamboo forest trail, stands an ancient pine tree.

 

人们日常所食的每一餐和所居住的房屋材料都来自大自然的赠予。在民间传统文化中,人们通过对天地、山川、河流或者树木的崇拜来表达对自然的感恩和敬畏。在乡间的田埂地头和大树下,仍随处可见大大小小的土地庙和供奉各路神仙的龛位,人们前来供奉、许愿,以表达对生活的美好期许,以求天上的神灵祝福。

In traditional culture, people worship nature objects, such as mountains, rivers, and trees, to express their gratefulness and respectfulness to nature, since nature provides us with places to live and food to eat. Temples and shrines could be found commonly among fields or by trees. People come here to pray for a blessed future. We believe this folk tradition should be preserved.

 

我们希望这一传统可以延续下来,因此我们使栈道的路线从大松树下经过,并在树下的栈道上设置了一个小巧的红色神龛。这既是延续村民们的既成传统,也是激发游客和松树之间的精神互动。

Hence, we set the walking path goes under the ancient pine tree and designed a tiny red shrine for the tree. We wish to pass on this traditional activity to the local villagers and create an interaction between the pine tree and tourists.

 

松树节点栈道及神龛轴测图 ©傅英斌工作室
松树下神龛 ©傅英斌工作室
松树节点 ©傅英斌工作室

 

后续

建成后,这处竹林栈道成为备受游客欢迎的一处景点。竹林中凌空飞架的栈桥带来的独特空间感受,以及脚手架本身的纤细带来的视觉不稳定性,给人留下深刻印象。

The bamboo forest walking path became a tourist attraction soon after its completion. It impressed people with its unique spatial experience and strong visual impact.

 

作为设计师,我们有时会希望建设的场地尽可能地简单,没有那么多独特的地方,这样它可以作为设计的背景衬托。但这样我们也很容易陷入一种单向的幻想,使得建造之物呈现出一种同环境和日常疏离的“异物感”。实际上,场地的限制条件和独特性也会给我们的设计提供解题思路,对场地的积极回应更会带来不同的设计呈现。

Sometimes, we prefer to do our design on a site with less unique surroundings, because a white background could highlight our design the most. However, it could also lead to a one-sided illusion and an unrealistic result. Whereas the limitation and uniqueness of the site provide us the clue, which implied the solution.

 

松树节点 ©傅英斌工作室

 

设计图纸 ▽

 

步道平面图 ©傅英斌工作室
竹林栈道立面 ©傅英斌工作室
松树栈道立面 ©傅英斌工作室

 

完整项目信息

项目名称:大别山森林徒步道(竹林—大松树段)

项目地点:安徽省霍山县太阳乡

业主:霍山县太阳乡人民政府

主创设计师:傅英斌

团队:赵思媛、官苗苗、宋嘉

摄影:傅英斌工作室

面积:0.8公顷

设计时间:2021年9月

完工时间:2022年8月


本文由傅英斌工作室授权有方发布。欢迎转发,禁止以有方编辑版本转载。

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