德国布劳豪斯山下的“碧蓝”游泳馆与水上乐园 / gmp

gmp·冯·格康，玛格及合伙人建筑师事务所

www.gmp-architekten.de

德国柏林西南郊的波茨坦，gmp·冯·格康，玛格及合伙人建筑师事务所设计的市立游泳馆休闲浴场“碧蓝”（Blu）于日前正式落成。落成庆祝仪式于6月6日举行，7日游泳馆正式面向公众开放。游泳馆坐落于市中心主火车站对面，是围绕布劳豪斯山重新规划的城市地貌中第一个重要构成元素，其所在街区内目前仍空置的部分将在未来建成密集住宅区。游泳馆设计尊重了城市周边环境，历史上这里是重要的休闲和郊游目的地，一个集约型的建筑体保留并延续了这一传统。

The new municipal sports and leisure pool, “blu”, in Potsdam has been completed to a design by gmp · von Gerkan, Marg and Partners Architects. The opening ceremony took place on 6 June and regular operation starts today. Situated directly opposite the main railway station, the new development is the first significant element of the new city topography around the Brauhausberg hill, the open spaces of which are allocated to high-density housing. In this context, the design develops a new, explicitly urban swimming pool complex typology which, owing to its compact layout, manages to retain part of the site as open space following the tradition of the place.

波茨坦市立游泳馆经历了漫长又摇摆不定的立项过程，各方人士曾反复发问，此地究竟应为自然景观还是都市空间？2012年问卷调查结果显示，希望将布劳豪斯山下核心区域作为“绿地”保留的市民略占多数，至此该区域的规划愿景在专业人士和市民中间呈现出两级分化的趋势。其后经过数轮研究讨论，全面都市化的规划理念日趋明朗，2013年举行的建筑概念公开招标更加印证了这一点。gmp中标方案获得了评委的青睐，其方案以硬朗的轮廓、有效的空间布局定位以及建筑内外视野联系获胜。

Countryside or city? This question was asked on several occasions during the protracted and changeable planning history of the new sports and leisure pool in Potsdam. And even when a citizen’s opinion poll finally swung the pendulum towards the central location at the foot of the Brauhausberg hill even though, previously, a location “on virgin land” had been preferred, the dominant urban design motif for this location remained ambivalent.

新建游泳馆开幕后，来访者可以在这里感受建筑与周边城市空间的融合：一座绿色景观轴线贯穿了整个基地，东侧坐落一座小型前广场，可以安放躺椅并成为游泳馆的休闲绿地。这样的理念同样适用于北侧的仓库街区，其与弧形的入口处与外立面直接相连，而位于南侧的建筑将在未来的建设周期内兴建。

The decision in favor of a decidedly urban concept was finally made via the 2013 architectural competition. The competition was won by gmp with a design featuring clear layout lines, a logical orientation of the interior and exterior spaces, and deliberate visual references to the closer and more distant surroundings. The neighboring urban areas referenced in the architecture of the pool complex are only just being created at the time of the complex’s opening, such as the open space axis with the forecourt to the east – which is part of the project – and the pool’s lawn for sunbathing at the rear. The same applies to the development of the Speicherstadt quarter, which will be created to the north following the curved building line of the entrance facade, and to the planned additional development section to the south.

竞技游泳池、休闲泳池和水疗区域被紧凑地整合在一座接近正方体的大厅之内，大厅使用面积约8000平方米。更衣室和服务功能空间分布于两个封闭的层面之上，一座东西走向的“中央轴线”贯通其间，同时将大厅体量分隔为两个独立的区域，一侧是竞技泳池，另一侧为水上乐园。这样的布局实现了游泳馆内清晰的方向定位，所有功能区域均通过捷径彼此连接，同时可以实现独立运营。

The sports pool, leisure pool, and wellness area are all located within a nearly square building with about 8,000 m2 usable floor area. The two large zones of the sports pool and the leisure area are separated by two enclosed volumes for the service and changing room areas, which are divided by the central concourse that runs east to west. This layout ensures that the orientation at every point within the complex is very clear, and that all functions are accessed via short routes and can be operated independently of each other.

水上乐园开阔的空间面向西侧展开，竞技泳池朝向东侧，泳道长50米，可举行水球和游泳赛事。较封闭的水疗区域位于二层之上。建筑外墙封闭部分统一采用了粗犷的矿物刮灰粉刷工艺，如同飘带一般以回形纹理缠绕包裹于建筑体外。设备间也集中设置于建筑整体之内，如此一来即在布劳豪斯山顶俯瞰，作为建筑第五立面的屋顶形象并不会受到影响。

The spacious arrangement of the leisure pool lies to the west, while the sports pool complex with 50 m pool for water polo and competitive swimming faces towards the east. The wellness area is located in the uppermost story and is visually shielded, offering just a few specific views to the outside. The closed facade areas, which – like a meandering ribbon – enclose the building, have been finished uniformly with a robust mineralbased “natural” render. The services installations have also been incorporated in the building complex so that no additional structures on the roof interfere with the fifth facade that can be seen from the Brauhausberg hill.

设计竞赛中标：2013年一等奖
设计：福尔克温·玛格和胡伯特·尼恩霍夫以及Kristian Spencker
项目负责人：Kristian Spencker, Michael Scholz
竞赛阶段设计团队：Silvia Schneider, Katja Godejohann, Veit Lieneweg, Daniel Tomé
实施阶段设计团队：Silvia Schneider, Katja Godejohann, Kerstin Fuchs, Claudia Chiappini, Chris Hättasch, Christiane
Putschke-Tomm, Julia Hilgenberg, Katerine Witte, Elke Glass
联合设计单位：emproc, BPM (建造和成本管理), big Bechtold Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH (技术设备), HMI Hartwich/
Mertens/Ingenieure Planungsgesellschaft für Bauwesen mbH (结构), Capatti Staubach – urbane Landschaften (室外设施),
Müller BBM GmbH (建筑物理和消防设计)
建造声学设计：Ingenieurbüro von Rekowski und Partner
卫生与安全协调：Genthe Bauingenieure GmbH
业主： Stadtwerke Potsdam GmbH
建设周期：2014-2017
建筑面积：19300 m²
国际游泳联合会（FINA）水球和游泳竞赛C级认证

Competition 2013 – 1st prize
Design Volkwin Marg and Hubert Nienhoff with Kristian Spencker
Project management Kristian Spencker, Michael Scholz
Competition design team Silvia Schneider, Katja Godejohann, Veit Lieneweg, Daniel Tomé
Detailed design team Silvia Schneider, Katja Godejohann, Kerstin Fuchs, Claudia Chiappini,
Chris Hättasch, Christiane Putschke-Tomm, Julia Hilgenberg, Katerine Witte, Elke Glass
In a consortium venture with emproc, BPM (building and cost management), big Bechtold Ingenieurgesellschaft
mbH (technical services installations), HMI Hartwich/Mertens/Ingenieure Planungsgesellschaft für
Bauwesen mbH (structural engineers), Capatti Staubach – urbane Landschaften (landscaping), Müller BBM
GmbH (building physics and fire safety)
Acoustics engineering Rekowski and Partners, consulting engineers
Health & Safety coordinator Genthe Bauingenieure GmbH
Client Stadtwerke Potsdam GmbH
Construction period 2014–2017
GFA 19,300 m²
Certified for water polo and competitive swimming FINA C

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