扎哈事务所获胜方案：维尔纽斯火车站新候车厅，将城市消极屏障转化为连接点

编辑：崔婧 | 2021.09.29 20:16

近日，扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所赢得维尔纽斯火车站综合体及其周边地区再开发国际概念竞赛。事务所的“绿色连接”方案为该地区创造了一个21世纪的综合交通枢纽，新的城市空间被自然所包围。

The evaluation commission of the international architectural competition to select the best concepts for the redevelopment of the Vilnius railway station complex and surrounding area awarded the highest ranking to the proposal by Zaha Hadid Architects. Zaha Hadid Architects' ‘Green Connect’ proposal creates an integrated transportation hub for the 21st century with new civic spaces enveloped by nature.

事务所将该城市优先考虑行人和骑行的可持续发展议程考虑在内，提议对维尔纽斯火车站进行升级，在铁路轨道上方建立一座新的高架候车厅，将Naujininkai区、市中心和老城区连接起来，将现有的铁路基础设施从分隔城市的屏障转变为连接点。它同时也是国家和地方铁路服务的交通枢纽，并接入欧洲高速铁路网的新波罗的海铁路。

Integral to the city’s ongoing sustainability agenda that prioritizes pedestrians and cyclists, Zaha Hadid Architects' proposal to upgrade Vilnius railway station incorporates a new public bridge over the railway tracks that connects the Naujininkai district to the south with the city centre and Vilnius old town; transforming the existing rail infrastructure from being a barrier that divides the city into a connector that unites Vilnius and serves as a transport hub for national and local rail services in addition to the new Rail Baltic line that links with Europe’s high-speed network.

通过对原有车站的改造和再利用，创造了新的9500平方米的候车厅，将现有的遗产建筑进行了当代的重新诠释。新的候车厅宽46米，横跨铁路站台150米。屋顶结构和公共汽车终点站的梯田般的景观，由当地的轻质、防火和低含碳层压木材建造，架空于轨道上方10米。

The renovation and reuse of the original station creates a new 9,500 sq. m concourse bridge that is a contemporary reinterpretation informed by the existing heritage building. The new concourse bridge is 46 metres wide and spans 150 meters across the railway platforms. Supported 10 metres above the tracks, the fluid forms of the bridge’s roof structure and the terraced landscape of the bus terminal are constructed in locally-sourced laminated timber that is lightweight, fire resistant and incorporates low embodied carbon.

车站新桥的结构沿其长度逐渐变化。建筑从现有的新古典主义车站的三角形山墙与坡屋顶开始，到较为柔和的几何形状和体量，逐渐缩小尺度，在Naujininkai地区的Pelosos街结束。沿着建筑长向的线性天窗和铁路轨道上方的玻璃立面，提供了自然光线和穿过大厅的直观导航。

The composition of the station’s new bridge gradually transforms along its length; from the pitched roof defined by the existing neoclassical station’s triangular pediment into softer geometries and volumes that reduce in scale to land at Pelosos Street in the Naujininkai district. A linear skylight along the length of the bridge and glazed facades over the railway tracks provide natural light and intuitive navigation through the concourse.

将近几十年来建造的临时办公室拆除后，现存的9000平方米的建筑变得更加清晰。车站被修复，并与城市公交网络中的新公共交通终点站相连。室外圆形剧场和坡道可通向屋顶上的公共露台，是车站前升级后的Stoties广场公园内的可驻留景观。

Removing the temporary kiosks and offices installed over recent decades, the clarity of the existing 9,000 sq. m station is restored and linked with a new public transport terminal for the city’s bus networks. Designed as an inhabited landscape within the upgraded Stoties Square park in front of the station, the terminal’s outdoor amphitheatre and ramp lead to a public terrace on its roof.

设计将Stoties广场原有的停车场搬到新的地下空间，使广场本身及其邻近的公园成为一处充满活力的城市空间。这里新栽种了300多棵树，面积达4000平方米的景观设计包括沿着其主要轴线建造的林荫大道，以及用于雨水自然收集、过滤和净化的水之花园。

Relocating the existing car parking in Stoties Square to a new underground facility, the square and its adjacent park will become a vibrant civic space for the city with over 300 new trees and 4,000 sq. m of landscaping including the creation of tree-lined avenues along its main axes and water gardens for the natural collection, filtration and purification of rainwater.

基于自然的解决方案成为设计的一部分。绿色屋顶、绿化和种植将在夏季帮助降低环境温度，并在冬季提供隔热。这些绿地在城市中创造了一系列相互联系的自然栖息地，易于进入，社区一年四季都可以享受它们，从而增强了人们的幸福感和互动。

Nature-based solutions are integral to the design. Green roofs, landscaping and planting will lower temperatures in summer and provide heat insulation in the winter. Creating an interconnected series of natural habitats within the city, these urban green spaces are easily accessible and can be enjoyed by communities throughout the year to enhance wellbeing and interaction.