皮亚诺工作室新作：巴黎律师协会总部，“透明”的实体与象征

巴黎律师协会总部（MOdA）是新司法城（Cité Judiciaire）不可或缺的一部分。这是一座专为法律职业而设计的建筑。通过象征性的透明外壳，建筑内部的活动和来来往往的人，都可通过立面清晰地看见。MOdA的选址使其建筑与更大的巴黎法院相互参照，同时又是一个独立的实体。这个位于地铁顶部的场地结构复杂，是新城市公共空间的重要组成部分，将使这个社区更加活跃。

The Maison de l’Ordre des Avocats (MOdA), the headquarters of the Paris Bar Association, is an integral part of the new Cité Judiciaire, a group of buildings dedicated to the legal profession. Symbolically transparent, the life of the building, its activity and its comings and goings, will be clearly visible through its facade. The MOdA is sited so that its building fits with and references the much larger Paris Courthouse (law courts) building, while standing proudly independent from it, a clear entity in its own right. Structurally sophisticated to deal with a site that sits on top of the Metro, it is also an important part of the new public urban spaces being generated here that will invigorate this neighbourhood.

新司法城位于巴黎西北角的开发区。基地北面是克利希街，西面是环城公路，南面是通往圣拉扎尔车站的铁路线，东面是Batignolles广场。

The new Cité Judiciaire is in the Clichy Batignolles development zone, in the north-west corner of Paris. The site is bounded by the Avenue de la Porte de Clichy to the north, the périphérique city ring-road to the west, the rail lines into the Gare St Lazare to the south, and the Square de Batignolles and Rue Cardinet to the east.

考虑到基地外围的大型办公和公寓建筑，本项目的开发围绕两个关键要素展开：一是新的法院，它与地区司法警察总部、巴黎律师协会一起构成了新司法城；二是马丁·路德·金公园，一个城市绿肺，一个休闲绿地，也是穿过场地的路线的交汇点，一个将激发城市活力的步行区。

With large office and apartment buildings around its periphery, the heart of the development centres on two key elements:

-the new Palais de Justice (the law courts), with which are associated the Direction Régionale Police Judiciare de Paris (the regional judicial police headquarters), and the Maison de l’Ordre de l’Avocats, (the Paris Bar Association) and which together constitute the new Cité Judiciaire;

-the Martin Luther King park, a green lung for the city, a planted, green space for relaxation, but also the meeting point of routes across the site, a pedestrianised area that will drive and animate urban activity.

三个关键的理念指导了这座建筑的设计。

Three key ideas guided the design of this building.

首先，透明度是负责维护正义的机构重要的理想化象征。MOdA作为巴黎正义新形象的一部分，体现并传达了这种理想。建筑有着高度透明的外观，展示建筑内部的一切，楼梯、图书馆、交易室和董事会会议室以及建筑中所有的活动都在立面后面清晰可见。建筑的形状清晰地体现着其后的礼堂，屋顶露台的高度与法院的第一层高度一致，展现了平等的重要特质。

Firstly, transparency – an important symbolic ideal for the institutions responsible for maintaining justice. The MOdA building will not only embody this ideal, but communicate it too. With its highly transparent facade, the building’s architecture puts everything inside on display, activity and contents. As part of this new image of justice for Paris, the staircases, the library, the salle des marchés (the trading room) and the board room and all the life of the building is clearly visible behind the facade. The shape of the building is part of this too: a sloping plane on the facade clearly references the shape of the auditorium just behind it, and the level of the building’s roof terrace is perfectly aligned with that of the first layer of the law courts, demonstrating an important equality.

第二个理念与建筑环境有关。MOdA的主立面朝向法院的前广场，一个经过精心设计、由硬质表面与植株组成的空间。作为马丁·路德·金公园的补充，广场将作为一个会谈、交流的空间，一个新的社区公共空间。

The second idea relates to the building’s context. The MOdA’s main facade is orientated towards the main concourse in front of the law courts, a space that is a carefully modulated mix of hard surfaces and planting and mature trees. Supplementing the Martin Luther King park, this square will serve as a space for meeting and a place for exchange, a new public space for the life of the neighbourhood.

建筑的一部分直接位于巴黎地铁站的上方，这限制了传统地基的范围。钢结构巨大的悬臂融入设计中。建筑一端向克里希街方向逐渐变细，将通过位于两个主立面两侧的拉杆系统进行悬挂。这种方式也为建筑提供了额外的透明度。礼堂下方的斜坡打开了街道和马丁·路德·金公园的视线。这部分的立面凸出至广场，由两个细长的钢柱支撑。

Part of the building is positioned directly above a Paris metro station which limits the scope for traditional foundations. By constructing in steel, huge cantilevers can be incorporated into the design. The nose of the building, where it tapers towards Avenue de la Porte de Clichy, will be suspended via a system of masts and tension rods located on each side of the two principal facades. Lifting the building in this way also creates the potential for extra transparency at ground floor level to either side of the building’s core. Meanwhile the cut away slope under the auditorium opens views through to Boulevard Berthier and Martin Luther King park. This section of the facade which also oversails the concourse, is supported by two slim steel columns. 

第三个要素是功能性，这与前两个因素是分不开的。建筑将与在Dauphine广场（巴黎中心）现有的MOdA办公室、新司法宫里的专用空间一起，成为巴黎法律专业人士的重要活动场所。建筑内各种功能按照易于访问的原则进行组织，将容纳170个座位的礼堂、图书馆、律师协会的行政机构和办公室、基金支付办公室、董事会会议室和律师会长办公室等。简而言之，这里对律师的工作至关重要，离法院只有两步之遥，却又不受其约束。

The third factor, inseparable from the first two, is functionality. The Maison de l’Ordre des Avocats will become the principal site in Paris for bar professionals, alongside the existing MOdA offices on Place Dauphine (in the centre of Paris), and dedicated spaces to be created inside the new Palais de Justice. The new building will house a 170-seat auditorium, a library, the administrative bodies and offices of the Bar Association, the offices of CARPA (the Lawyers’ Pecuniary Payment Fund), the board room and the Bar President’s office; in short a place essential to the lawyers’ work, only two steps from the law courts, but free of its constraints. The organization of the various functions within this space was strongly influenced by the desire to make them easily accessible.

设计图纸  ▽

完整项目信息

MAISON DE L’ORDRE DES AVOCATS

2013 – 2020, PARIS, FRANCE

STATUS: Completed

CLIENT: Ordre des Avocats de Paris + Sogelym-Dixence

DESIGN: Renzo Piano Building Workshop, architects

DESIGN TEAM: B. Plattner, P. Colonna (partner and associate in charge), S.Cimino, C.Guézet with S.Giorgio-Marrano, C.Maxwell-Mahon, J.Moolhuijzen (partner); A.Bagatella, D.Tsagkaropoulos (CGI); O.Aubert, C.Colson, Y.Kyrkos (models)

CONSULTANTS AIA: Ingénierie (structure, MEP, sustainability, civil engineering); RFR (façade); Franck Franjou (lighting); Meta (acoustics); Labeyrie & Associés (A/V systems); NAMIXIS (fire prevention); Origoni & Steiner (graphics); SLETEC (cost consultant)

参考资料：

http://www.rpbw.com/project/maison-des-avocats

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