BIG最新规划方案：BiodiverCity，为马来西亚打造全球目的地

马来西亚槟城州政府于2020年1月发起了一项国际设计竞赛，旨在将槟城南岛转变为一个可持续的、全球性的目的地，提供约4.6公里的公共海滩、600英亩（约合2.43平方千米）的公园和长25公里的海滨空间。

Penang State Government initiated an international design competition in January 2020 to transform Penang South Islands into a sustainable, global destination, providing Penangites with approximately 4.6km of public beaches, 600 acres of parks and a 25km waterfront. 

BIG、Hijjas和Ramboll的总体规划方案“BiodiverCity”将帮助实现规划愿景，关注宜居性、促进社会和经济的包容性发展，并实现环境可持续性，以造福后代。总体规划设想了三个生物多样化且可持续的岛屿，旨在利用当地和全球的技术与集体知识，实现经济、文化和生态的增长。

BIG, Hijjas and Ramboll’s masterplan proposal – BiodiverCity – supports the Penang2030 vision with a clear focus on livability, on stimulating a socially and economically inclusive development, and on environmentally sustainability for future generations. The BiodiverCity Penang masterplan envisions three biodiverse and sustainable islands designed to secure economic, cultural and ecological growth using local and global technologies, and collective knowledge. 

这三个岛屿汇集了1.5万到1.8万居民，具有占地50至500英亩的多功能区域，并在每个区域周围形成了50至100米的连续缓冲区，建立了栖息地之间的连通性，对保护区、公园、走廊和城市广场的边缘生态形成支持。

The three islands bring together mixed-use districts of 15,000 to 18,000 residents across 50 to 500 acres, and a continuous 50 to 100m buffer around each district, establishing habitat connectivity and supporting edge ecologies in reserves, parks, corridors and urban plazas.

Bjarke Ingels说道：“BiodiverCity将拥有一个由当地水资源、可再生能源和废物管理系统组成的综合系统，并与人造生态系统结合。我们不是为汽车设计城市，而是为水路、铁路和不同类型的个人机动性设计，形成多模式的交通环境。”

BiodiverCity will have an integrated system of localized water resources, renewable energy and waste management, tied altogether in a human-made ecosystem. Rather than design a city for cars, we designed BiodiverCity for waterways, rail and different kinds of personal mobility, forming a multi-modal environment of movement. The resultant urban landscape will be a celebration of Penang’s position as a truly global crossroads of the world – economically, ecologically and socially.” Bjarke Ingels, Founder and Creative Director, BIG-Bjarke Ingels Group.

“海峡”是第一个岛屿，它分三个阶段建造。第一阶段，建设包含冲浪池和科技园在内的“活跃目的地”；第二阶段，建立政府和研究机构“公民之心”；第三阶段，“文化海岸”以当地遗产为基础，以活跃的创意来打造地区和国际吸引力。作为该地区的心脏地带，500英亩（约合2.02平方千米）的数字公园具有用于研究、开发和当地商业的空间。当地人和游客可以在这里探索技术、机器人和虚拟现实世界。

The Channels, BiodiverCity’s first island, is constructed in three complementary phases: in Phase 1, Active Destinations include a wave pool and technology park; in Phase 2, a Civic Heart establishes governance and research institutions in the area; and in Phase 3, a Cultural Coast builds upon the heritage and vibrant creative energy of Penang’s George Town to create a regional and international draw. As the heart of the district, the Channels’ 500-acre digital park includes spaces for research, development and local business opportunities. Malaysia’s newest public destination will be the future home for conferences, education centers and a family-oriented park where locals and guests can explore the world of technology, robotics and virtual reality.

“红树林”是第二个岛屿，也是中心岛，专为企业服务。它围绕着一个受保护的城市湿地网络组织起来，为红树林创造了合适的环境。红树林是一种重要的自然资源，吸收的碳量超过普通森林四倍。在红树林的中心，“竹子灯塔”可举办会议和重大事件，向世界传播生物多样性发展的知识。

The Mangroves, BiodiverCity’s second and central island dedicated to businesses, is organized around a network of sheltered urban wetlands, creating suitable environments for its namesake Mangrove forests—an important natural infrastructure that doubles as effective powerhouses for sequestering more than four times as much carbon as a typical forest. At the center of the Mangroves, the Bamboo Beacon hosts meetings, conferences and major events—broadcasting the knowledge developed in BiodiverCity out to the world. 

BiodiverCity的建筑在很大程度上由低碳材料建造，如竹子和马来西亚木材，与绿色混凝土相结合。绿色混凝土是一种由工业废料和可回收材料组成的材料。

The buildings in BiodiverCity will be designed to perform efficiently and will to a large extent be constructed by low-carbon materials such as bamboo and Malaysian timber in combination with green concrete, a sustainable alternative comprised of industrial waste and recycled materials.

“拉古纳”是最西端的岛屿，是生态生活的绿洲，围绕着一个中心码头组织起来。八个较小的岛屿形成了一个微型群岛，岛上漂浮的、架起的、梯田式的房屋充分利用了自然环境，渔民们可以通过岛上的水路轻松地到达开阔的水域。与此同时，新建立的海洋栖息地为当地物种提供了产卵地，为水下生物多样性提供了支持。娱乐场所也为当地社区提供了支持。

The Laguna, BiodiverCity’s westernmost island, is an oasis for ecological living, organized around a central marina. Eight smaller islands form a miniature archipelago, where floating, stilted and terraced housing takes advantage of the natural setting of Tanjung Gertak Sanggul, and where fisherman landing points can easily access the open waters by navigating each of the island’s waterways. Meanwhile, newly established marine habitats support biodiversity underwater by providing spawning grounds for native species, and recreational points and hatcheries support the local communities along Penang’s southern coast.

生态廊道网络将森林保护区与海岸连接起来，同时支持岛屿上的栖息地和社区。在人类聚居区，动物可以安全地通过连续的树冠和水道；在自然栖息地，人们可以安全地进入高架步道。

A web of ecological corridors connects forest reserves to coastal beaches while supporting habitats and communities across the islands. Within human-populated areas, animals are given safe passage through the continuous canopy and waterways, and within natural habitats, people can safely access elevated boardwalks.

BiodiverCity具有基于水、空和陆地的自主公共交通网络，旨在打造一个无汽车的环境，让街道成为对骑行者和行人安全、友好的通道。各区域在平台下方有效地连接起来，提高物流、服务和区域流动性的效率，同时最大化公共区域的行人安全。

BiodiverCity supports a water, air and land-based autonomous public transportation network, aiming for a car free environment where streets serve as a safe and welcoming thoroughfare for bikers and pedestrians. Districts are efficiently connected below platforms to increase the efficiency of goods, services and regional mobility, while maximizing pedestrian safety throughout the public realm.

BiodiverCity是BIG继今年早些时候发布的丰田编织城（Woven City）之后，推出的最新总体规划。

BiodiverCity is BIG’s latest masterplan unveiling following Toyota Woven City at the CES conference earlier this year. 

完整项目信息

Name: BiodiverCity

Type: Competition

Size: 4,500 Acres

Location: Penang, Malaysia

Client: Penang State Government, Malaysia

Collaborators: Hijjas (Local Architects and Planners); Ramboll (Project Manager and Engineer); Web Structures (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering); Web EM (Sustainability); Ernst & Young (Economic Advisor); Knight Frank (Real Estate); KPK (Quantity Surveyor); Green Growth Asia Foundation (Ecology and Conservation); Universiti Teknologi Mara (Marine Ecology); Lucian R (Visualizations)

BIG – BJARKE INGELS GROUP 

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Daniel Sundlin, Kai-Uwe Bergmann

Associate-in-Charge: Jeremy Alain Siegel

Project Leaders: Shane Dalke, Autumn Visconti, Veronica Acosta

Team: Jeffrey Shumaker, Jamie Maslyn Larson, Stephanie Mauer, Mike Munoz English, Max Moriyama, Thomas McMurtrie, Mateo Fernandez, Lingyi Xu, Yao Tong, Yanan Ding, Won Ryu, Alan Fan, Sangha Jung, Christian Cueva, Jordan Felber, Bernardo Schumaker, Terrence Chew, Chris Pin, Tracey Sodder

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