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杭州大运河南段水岸的有机更新 / 刘宇扬建筑事务所

杭州大运河南段水岸的有机更新 / 刘宇扬建筑事务所
撰文:刘宇扬、章静谦 | 编辑:方嘉泓(实习) | 校对:李博超 | 2024.08.01 10:47
浙窑文创园改造  摄影:梁俊豪
桥西直街街道改造  摄影:梁俊豪
运河天地建筑立面改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

设计单位  刘宇扬建筑事务所

合作设计  杭州美院望境创意发展有限公司(联合方案设计)、杭州市园林设计院(联合方案设计及施工图设计院)、绿风生态旅游规划设计研究院(施工图设计院)、中南建筑设计院(施工图设计院)

项目地点  浙江杭州

建成时间  2022年6月

项目面积  163万平方米

撰文  刘宇扬、章静谦


 

杭州大运河在主城区中蜿蜒而过,途径拱宸桥、香积寺、武林门、皋塘、钱江新城等城市地标,将杭州的过去与未来串联在一起。2021年杭州市以迎亚运、提升大运河绿道为契机,启动了大运河老城段的水岸提升文旅融合项目。ALYA与美院望镜创意、杭州园林院一同作为最终方案设计单位参与该项目。

The Hangzhou Grand Canal winds through the main city, passing through Gongchen Bridge, Xiangji Temple, Wulin Gate, Gaotang, Qianjiang New Town and other city landmarks, linking Hangzhou's past with its future. In 2021, as a part of urban renewal initiative ahead of the 19th Asian Games, Hangzhou launched the Grand Canal regeneration project.  together with the School of Art & Design and Hangzhou Institute of Landscape Architecture, participated as the final design unit for the project.

 

场地理解  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所
大运河老城段与拱宸桥鸟瞰  图源:刘宇扬建筑事务所

在设计中从设计初始阶段,团队便有意绕开常规的更新思路,既不想对充满古韵的水岸风貌改头换面,也不满足于仅对老旧场景修旧如旧,而是转向一种扎根于现场的思考。设计从做减法开始,清理了现场历次改造中遗留下来的许多非必要设施、铺装硬地、阻碍滨水视线通透性的过度化景观植栽,也限制了各类新设施的无谓堆砌和景观的一味植入。

From the outset of the design process, the team intentionally avoided conventional renovation approaches. They neither wanted to overhaul the ancient waterfront landscape nor settle for merely restoring the old scenes. Instead, they turned to a site-specific approach. The design began with subtraction, clearing away many unnecessary facilities, pavements, and overly landscaped vegetation that obstructed the waterfront views. It also restrained the indiscriminate stacking of new facilities and the blind insertion of landscapes.

 

设计的目标从空间、时间、业态三个维度剖析并重新建构场地与周边社区的关系,超越传统的单体逻辑和封闭的本体思维。在长达15.2公里的线性空间内,通过广域、高密的微更新手法,实现沿岸历史街区、工业遗存、水巴码头、公园绿地等各类空间的肌理修补和业态激活,最终实现大运河的自我更新和活化。

The design aimed to analyze and reconstruct the relationship between the site and the surrounding community from the dimensions of space, time, and format, surpassing traditional singular logic and closed ontology thinking. Over a linear space of 15.2 kilometers, through extensive and dense micro-updating techniques, the design achieved the repair of textures and activation of various spaces such as historical neighborhoods, industrial relics, water bus terminals, and park green spaces along the waterfront, ultimately realizing the self-renewal and revitalization of the Grand Canal.

 

更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

 

运河天地:

运河天地园区的前身是造船厂,场地内有数栋改作商业用途的厂房。建筑体量大且布局松散,建筑之间的大片空地被用作为广场和地面停车场。

The Canal Park was formerly a shipyard, with several factory buildings repurposed for commercial use within the site. The buildings are large in volume and loosely laid out, with large open spaces between them serving as squares and ground-level parking lots.

 

运河天地改造后  摄影:梁俊豪
运河天地总平面  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

设计从做减法开始,清理了现场历次改造中遗留下来许多的非必要设施、铺装硬地、和阻碍滨水视线通透性的过度化景观植栽,也限制了各类新设施的无谓堆砌和景观一味植入。流线式的连贯绿地取代原本线条生硬的绿化带,绿道内的乔木提供成片的遮阴,下木自然的花草选种和布置,则为场地带来了都市中少有的野趣。

The design began with subtraction, clearing away many unnecessary facilities, paved surfaces, and overly landscaped vegetation that obstructed waterfront views. It also restrained the indiscriminate stacking of new facilities and the blind insertion of landscapes. Flowing green spaces replaced the originally rigid green belts, with deciduous trees providing extensive shading within the greenways. Natural plant selections and arrangements brought a rare wild charm to the site.

 

运河天地主广场更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所
运河天地主广场落成后  摄影:梁俊豪
运河天地绿岛更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

运河天地主绿岛置入后  摄影:梁俊豪

为了进一步激活商业界面,团队又改造原本较突兀的车库楼梯间,新的构筑物采用氟碳喷涂的钢结构,来呼应造船厂的历史,其造型参考厂房的连续人字屋顶,采用了轻巧的连续折线。厂房的粗犷、景观的野性、构筑的灵巧并置,形成一种独特的工业、人文与自然的对话。

To further activate the commercial interface, the team transformed the originally abrupt garage staircases. The new structures adopted a fluorocarbon-sprayed steel structure to echo the history of the shipyard, with their design referencing the continuous sawtooth roofs of the factory buildings, utilizing lightweight continuous zigzag lines. The ruggedness of the factories, the wildness of the landscape, and the agility of the structures juxtapose to form a unique dialogue between industry, humanity, and nature.

 

运河天地建筑立面改造  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所
建筑立面改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

 

桥西直街:

在桥西街区,我们在材料、立面、故事挖掘的层面上,首先注重保留运河自身积累的历史感,同时也力求能增加一些活力。各个街区由于其传统民居建筑风貌的特征明显,其街区界面的历史延续性,更多用梳理整理的方式,来消除商业运营对街区风貌的不利影响。各种外设机电设备和杂乱的管线得到移除或隐埋,多年累积的各式标识也通过重新设计而得到整合。将沿河码头建构设施的设计语言、结构形式和材料选择进行统一,使得整个系统既有传统文化底蕴,又有当代的新鲜活力。

In the West Bridge District, our focus initially lies in preserving the historical essence accumulated by the canal itself, while also aiming to inject vitality through materials, facades, and unearthed narratives. Given the distinct characteristics of traditional residential architecture in each neighborhood, historical continuity at the street interface is primarily achieved through systematic organization to mitigate any adverse effects on the neighborhood's appearance due to commercial operations. Various external mechanical and electrical equipment, as well as cluttered pipelines, are removed or concealed, while accumulated signs of various kinds are integrated through redesign. Standardizing the design language, structural forms, and material choices for the construction facilities along the riverfront docks imbues the entire system with both traditional cultural heritage and contemporary vitality.

 

土特产码头改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

在设计过程中,我们和业主一同整理了杭州运河相关的历史小故事,并将这些体现杭城发展历史的故事配以手绘插图,做成一个个故事牌,散落布置在运河绿道边,供游客发现。

Throughout the design process, we collaborated with the client to compile historical anecdotes related to the Hangzhou Canal, illustrating the city's development history through hand-drawn illustrations paired with these stories, creating individual storyboards scattered along the canal greenway for visitors to discover.

 

改造后的街道  摄影:梁俊豪

 

小河街区:

除了整理片区各自的空间,我们也关注运河景观带整体的流畅体验,力求在游线的规划和营造上,能让观者感受到空间的多元性和丰富性。

In addition to organizing the spatial layout of each neighborhood, we also pay attention to the overall seamless experience of the canal landscape belt, striving in the planning and creation of pathways to offer viewers a sense of diversity and richness in space.

 

小河街道滨水景观改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

 

浙窑文创园:

浙窑园区位于本次设计范围的最北端,其前身为船舶维修厂。

The Zhe Kiln Park is located at the northernmost end of the design scope, formerly a ship repair yard.

 

浙窑文创园总平面  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

为了将来与城北新城的滨河绿道相连接,设计拆除围墙将封闭园区改为公共空间,保留了所有大乔木,清除了灌木和小乔木,绕开乔木树根开挖出了一条蜿蜒通道,沿途的腹地绿化被改造为草坡并布置上数条水洗石长凳,打造理想的主航道观景点。

To connect it with the riverside greenway of the North City in the future, the design entails removing the enclosing walls to transform the closed park into a public space. All mature trees are preserved while shrubs and small trees are cleared. A winding pathway is excavated, avoiding the tree roots, and along this path, the interior greenery is transformed into grass slopes, complemented by several water-washed stone benches, creating an ideal focal point for the main viewing area along the canal.

 

浙窑文创园园区主入口更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

园区主入口落成后  摄影:梁俊豪
浙窑文创园沿河景观带  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所
沿河景观带落成后  摄影:梁俊豪
浙窑文创园街区广场  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

街区广场落成后  摄影:梁俊豪

 

大兜路历史街区:

在改善运河两岸空间品质的同时,我们也关注空间架构对商业的影响。在大兜路街区,我们的改造首先在商铺布局上做出调整,面向里弄开墙设店,增加一个个小型店铺。同时参考民居的自然搭建,为每个新增的门窗洞增加石门框、木披檐等细节。凝灰岩整石砌筑的平台搭配树池,则修饰了街巷的线形,丰富了里弄的景观层次。

While improving the quality of the space along both sides of the canal, we also pay attention to the impact of spatial structure on commerce. In the Dadou Road neighborhood, our renovation efforts first involve adjustments in the layout of shops, with walls opened up to create storefronts facing the alleys, thus adding a series of small-scale shops. Drawing inspiration from the natural construction of traditional residences, we incorporate details such as stone door frames and wooden eaves for each newly added door and window opening. Tuff stone paved platforms, complemented by tree planters, embellish the linear forms of the streets and lanes, enriching the visual layers of the alleys.

 

大兜路历史街区总平面  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所
大兜路历史街区改造后鸟瞰  摄影:梁俊豪
大兜路历史街区改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

为了打通社区场所和滨水空间,我们在处理沿河的公园绿地时,保留大乔木、修剪梳理了小乔木和灌木、增加了花草地被;也通过标高调整,观河视线的梳理,优化了沿河平台的可达性和灵活性。

To connect community spaces with waterfront areas, when dealing with park green spaces along the river, we retain mature trees, prune and groom small trees and shrubs, and add flower beds. By adjusting elevations and refining the view lines towards the river, we optimize accessibility and flexibility on the riverfront platforms.

 

沿河平台更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

沿河平台改造‍后  摄影:梁俊豪

绿道通过这些微小的调整得以拓展单一的漫步功能,更加适合周边居民的各种休闲活动,更有城市的烟火气息。

Through these subtle adjustments, the greenway expands beyond its original function of simple strolling, becoming more suitable for various leisure activities for local residents, and exuding a livelier urban atmosphere.

 

街道更新策略  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

街道改造后  摄影:梁俊豪

从2021年2月设计启动,到2022年6工程完工,在短短16个月内,京杭大运河杭州段完成了整体焕新。面对大体量、快时效、细颗粒度的设计需求,我们在项目中将历史研究、现场调研、设计落地的工作的类型化、系统化,最终形成一套可以灵活应对各式空间问题和更新需求的微更新工具箱。快速、轻量、以活化和体验为导向的微更新的模式,避免了不必要的大拆大建,兼容保护与创新,从而更有效地实现了运河水岸的有机更新。

From the initiation of the design in February 2021 to the completion of the project in June 2022, the Hangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal underwent a comprehensive revitalization in just 16 months. Faced with the demands of a large-scale, time-sensitive, and finely detailed design, we standardized and systematized the types of work involved in historical research, on-site surveys, and design implementation throughout the project. This ultimately resulted in a flexible toolbox for micro-updates capable of addressing various spatial issues and renovation requirements. The rapid, lightweight, activation- and experience-oriented model of micro-updates avoided unnecessary large-scale demolitions and constructions, while accommodating both preservation and innovation. As a result, the organic renewal of the canal waterfront was more effectively achieved.

 

效果图:地块鸟瞰  ©刘宇扬建筑事务所

 

完整项目信息

项目名称:杭州大运河南段水岸提升

项目地点:杭州市拱墅区、上城区

项目类型:景观及基础设施

基地面积:163万平方米

设计时间:2021年2月—2021年12月

建设时间:2022年1月—2022年6月

设计单位:刘宇扬建筑事务所

主持建筑师:刘宇扬

项目主管:章静谦

方案概念:章静谦、王一凡、梅予馨、鞠佳欣、奚碧莹、骆佳琪

方案深化:章静谦、王一凡、奚碧莹、于晴、陈健坤

扩初/施工:章静谦、王一凡、奚碧莹、于晴、陈健坤

驻场建筑师:章静谦

设计范围:景观设计、建筑设计

建设单位:杭州市运河综合保护开发建设集团有限公司

合作设计:杭州美院望境创意发展有限公司(联合方案设计)、杭州市园林设计院(联合方案设计及施工图设计院)、绿风生态旅游规划设计研究院(施工图设计院)、中南建筑设计院(施工图设计院)

摄影:梁俊豪


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