The Deep水族馆：赫尔城市复兴地标 / Farrells

编辑：彭紫琦 | 2022.05.30 15:30

设计单位 Farrells法雷尔

项目地点 赫尔市，英国

建成年份 2003年

建筑面积 24,155平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

The Deep是世界上唯一的“潜艇水族馆”（Submarium），也是以地标建筑成功激活整个城市复兴的代表案例之一。2002年开业后仅14个月，该项目就为赫尔这座人口规模25万的城市吸引了100万游客。在2017年赫尔市荣获英国文化之都时，项目作为当年庆典活动的中心场所，外墙作为投影面播放着赫尔城市历史的影片。它是英格兰东北部著名的地标性建筑，是在商业意义上最成功的千禧年项目之一，并被刊印在皇家邮政的邮票上。

Billed as the world's only "Submarium", The Deep is one of the representative cases in the history of architecture where the success of an iconic building has sparked the revival of an entire city. Within just 14 months after opening in 2002, The Deep has been an incredible success. It pulled in one million visitors to Hull, a city with a population of 250,000, which was chosen to be the UK City of Culture in 2017. The Deep was a focal point of celebrations during the same year, displaying a projection of Hull's history on its external walls. The Deep is a landmark project in the North East of England, which is acknowledged as the most commercially successful Millennial Project and features itself on a Royal Mail stamp!

地标建筑复兴城市活力

位于东约克郡的赫尔，曾是具有悠久工业历史和文化的贸易港口城市，至20世纪末已渐渐衰落。The Deep项目起源于赫尔市的城市文艺复兴计划，场地原是赫尔河（River Hull）与亨伯河口（Humber Estuary）汇流处三角地端头的2.45公顷废置工地。

Hull in East Yorkshire was once a trading port city with a long industrial history and culture that declined by the end of the 20th century. Located in an abandoned industrial area of 2.45 hectares at the confluence of the River Hull and the Humber Estuary, The Deep project started life as an urban renewal scheme.

作为城市复兴的重点项目，我们的愿景是通过在滨水地区塑造一个大胆与开创性的、引人瞩目的地标性建筑形象，从而带动并促进整个城市及地区的再生。

As the key project of Hull's urban regeneration, our vision is to create a building with a bold, pioneering image on the waterfront to catalyse major regeneration throughout the city and its region.

场地所处的河口特殊的滨水景观，激发我们从波浪和冰川的形态中获取灵感。主建筑体量是位于场地西南尖角的四层高游客中心，容纳着世界级的水族馆展厅。它被设计成彷佛正从深水中浮出水面的戏剧化造型。

The particular waterfront landscape of the estuary inspires us to design with waves or glacier-like forms. The four-storey visitor attraction, located at the south-west point of the site as The Deep's main architectural mass and housing a world-class aquarium exhibition, is therefore designed to be a dramatic icon emerging from the deep water.

这里还为城市中的不同人群设置了学习中心、全环境模拟器和赫尔大学的研究室。建筑指向天空的顶部设有景观眺望台，游客走出电梯厅，可以通过探出建筑主体的桥面走到近乎凌空的观景台，毫无遮挡地俯瞰从亨伯河到亨伯大桥动人的景色。

The site also houses the Learning Centre for different groups in the city, the Total Environment Simulator and the University of Hull’s research facility. In addition, the building features an observation platform at its pinnacle. Once inside the building, visitors are taken by elevator to the top floor, where you walk through the bridge to the observation platform outside flying over the estuary, enjoying the unrivalled views across the River Humber to the great Humber bridge.

水族馆成为河岸景观的焦点

在上个世纪末，The Deep以其独具特色的造型，开创了滨水文化建筑设计的新思路。在更大的城市景观中，动感的造型为平直的河岸在河口交汇处带来聚焦点。建筑形体的隐喻也引发人们对自然形态的联想，硬朗的形体和有机的线条，就像一块被侵蚀的岩石，表皮上不规则的凹陷处，则是建筑出入口和镶嵌其中的窗户。整座建筑的屋顶面与外墙面都有一定倾斜角度，因此建筑是作为一个三维物体来呈现，而不是一系列的二维平面。

At the end of the last century, The Deep pioneered a new way of thinking about architectural design on the waterfront with its distinctive shape. The dynamic form has become a focal point at the confluence of the estuary in the broader urban landscape. The Deep is a building that revels in its metaphorical associations with the nature. The exterior is treated as an eroded rock face using organic forms and lines, while irregular recessed strata on the façades provide points of access and openings for windows. The roof plane is treated similarly to the wall surfaces so that the building is read as a three-dimensional object rather than as a series of two-dimensional planes.

整座建筑的外表皮呈现出不同的颜色和纹理，材料选择同样呼应场地的滨水特质，包括彩色混凝土、丙烯酸涂料、异型金属板、釉面玻璃和造船专用的海洋级菱形铝板，它们会根据光线和反射方式的不同，形成波光粼粼的效果。顶部景观眺望台的波浪状轮廓突出了滨水场地与水族馆功能的双重含义。

The building’s exterior is in different colours and textures, with materials resonating with the waterfront, including coloured concrete, acrylic render, profiled metal, enamelled glass and rhomboid sheets of marine-grade aluminium as used in shipbuilding, which take on different glistening colours according to how to receive the light and reflections. The wave-like contours of the observation platform at the top highlight the geography of the site and the aquatic function of the building.

作为规划建筑师，The Deep水族馆是Farrells里程碑式的作品，充分体现其敏锐的城市视角与“建造实用地标”（Creating landmarks that work）的设计原则。在特里·法雷尔爵士看来，一个成功的城市更新项目，是可以对整个地区产生一系列正面的连锁反应。该项目引领了地区的复兴，影响了赫尔的经济、社会、文化生活，使这座城市和人民被世界所认识。它已超越了建筑本身，成为一个城市的名片和标志。

The Deep Aquarium in Hull marks a milestone among Farrells' architectural design projects, giving full play to a keen urban perspective and the design principle of "Creating landmarks that work". As Sir Terry Farrell sees it, one of the great products of urban regeneration is the positive knock-on effect that one development can have on a whole city. The Deep has been cited as a world-class project, which has spearheaded regeneration in the area and has put Hull and its people on the map. In addition, it has greatly supported Hull's economic, social and cultural development, making the city and its people well-known throughout the world. The Deep has gone beyond the building itself to become the name card and symbol of the city.