波兰国立音乐学院扩建，“建筑即乐器” / SLAS Architekci

编译：王子萱 | 校对：王子萱 | 2025.05.08 16:50

设计单位 SLAS Architekci

项目地点 波兰亚斯琴别-兹德鲁伊

建成时间 2021年

使用面积 1695平方米

本文英文原文由SLAS Architekci提供，由有方编译。

亚斯琴别-兹德鲁伊（Jastrzębie-Zdrój）是一座具有双重身份的城市，它最初是一座度假小镇，后来因硬煤开采而转型为工业城市。本项目是现有音乐学院的扩建部分，是一座音乐厅。它恰好位于旧有度假建筑与城市因工业发展而兴建的新区的交界处。新建的自然声学音乐厅本身就像是一件乐器，为学生提供演奏与才艺发展的空间。

Jastrzębie-Zdrój is a city with a dual identity. Originally a resort town, it was transformed into an industrial town based on hard coal mining. The new building is an extension of the existing Music School with a Concert Hall. It is located exactly on the border of the old resort buildings and the new one - which is the result of the industrial development of the city. The designed new Concert Hall with natural acoustics is an instrument designed to give students the opportunity to learn to play and develop their talent.

除了教育用途之外，音乐厅还承办了上百场音乐会。为举办各类本地活动，城市还为音乐厅添置了诸多新设施。本项目已然成为城市乃至整个地区文化地图上的重要一笔，带动了大众对艺术的关注。

In addition to educational use, hundreds of concerts are organized and the new facility is used by the City for local events. The hall has become an important point on the cultural map of the city and the entire region, increasing interest in art.

建筑中设置了一间与环境相融合的咖啡馆，其门厅空间则作为本地艺术家的展览画廊。日常生活中，建筑前方的小广场也可以成为居民自由使用的公共空间。建筑采用最小化的玻璃面积，以提升能源效率。
A café operates in the local context and the foyer space is used as a gallery for regional artists. On a daily basis, a small square in front of the building is also a public space used by local residents. The structure has a minimized amount of glazing to increase energy efficiency.

该项目由公共资金建造。建筑的城市设计理念是要明确各主要功能单元——音乐厅、门厅、教学楼与所营造的公共空间——之间的关系与恰当比例。新建的音乐厅重新组织并整合了原有空间，使之拥有多元、开放的公共特性。

The building was erected with public funds. The urban design assumption of the project was to determine mutual relations and appropriate proportions between the main elements of the given building program - the concert hall, foyer and the school and the created public space. The new concert hall building reorganizes and tidies up the existing space, giving it a multi-threaded, public character.

项目的一个重要背景是预算有限，但这反而成了建筑的优势。节制是主要的设计手段，甚至是一种方法论。财政限制促使设计更为理性，把公共资金集中用于建筑最重要的部分。经济层面的考量也让相较于最初设想的项目调整更易被接受。
An important context for the project was the limited budget, which paradoxically worked to the building's advantage. Reduction has become the main tool or even a method of design work in which financial constraints encourage thoughtful spending of public funds and redirecting them to the most important elements of the building. The economic aspect also made it easier to accept changes in the project compared to the original assumptions.

在音乐厅的建造中，混凝土因其卓越的结构、声学与美学性能而成为理想材料。设计中放弃了额外的声学包覆处理，而保留了涂以釉面漆的钢筋混凝土本体，作为音乐厅及其余墙体的主要声学系统和饰面材料。

In the case of the Concert Hall building, concrete was a very desirable material due to its excellent structural, acoustic and aesthetic properties. The design decision was to resign from additional acoustic cladding and leave the reinforced concrete painted with glaze paint as the finishing of the main acoustic system of the Hall and the remaining walls in the building.

波浪形模具所打造的声学曲面这种最能有效扩散声音的元素，成为音乐厅与门厅内部空间的设计主题，也延伸到了建筑的金属立面之上。

The acoustically refined wave (arc) shape imprinted in the formwork, as the element that best disperses sound, has become the basic motif of both the interior of the Hall and the foyer space, but is also continued on the steel façade of the building.

场地面积有限，没有绿化缓冲带，建筑紧贴人行道而设。因此建筑立面的材料不仅要通过反射实现其自身体量与环境的融合，还必须经得起时间考验，具备防破坏的耐久性，这也是最重要的一点。

The small plot area resulted in the location of the facility without any greenery buffer - directly next to the sidewalk, therefore the facade material was intended not only to "shine" and neutralize the volume of the facility with reflections of the surroundings, but above all to withstand the test of time and be resistant to vandalism.