康县新人字桥及周边商业街更新 / 三文建筑何崴工作室

编辑：袁蓓祺 | 校对：袁蓓祺 | 2024.04.15 18:44

设计单位 三文建筑何崴工作室

项目地点 甘肃陇南

建成时间 2023年12月

用地面积 16,000平方米

缘起和任务

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康县地处甘肃省陇南市，甘肃、四川、陕西三省交界地带，人口约为20万人，自古就是连接西南和西北地区的交通要冲，曾是茶马古道的一部分。

Kang County is located in Longnan City, Gansu Province, at the junction of Gansu, Sichuan, and Shaanxi provinces, with a population of about 200,000 people. It has been a transportation hub connecting the southwest and northwest regions since ancient times and was once part of the Tea Horse Ancient Road.

项目场地位于康县县城核心区域，距离县政府和市政广场约200米，燕子河和三官河两条水道在此处交汇，合流后向南面流淌。河道汇合处有一座三岔桥，当地人称之为“人字桥”。本项目范围北起人民东路，南至人字桥，围绕滨河路商业街展开，主要更新对象包括：人字桥、水上市场、滨河路、信号塔等。

The project site is located in the core area of Kang County, about 200 meters away from the county government and municipal square. The two waterways of Yanzi River and Sanguan River intersect here and flow southward after merging. There is a three forked bridge at the confluence of the rivers, which locals call the "Herringbone Bridge". The scope of this project starts from Renmin East Road in the north and ends at the Herringbone Bridge in the south, surrounding the Binhe Road commercial street. The main renewal objects include the Herringbone Bridge, the Water Market, Binhe Road, the Signal Tower, etc.

▲ 项目视频来源：三文建筑

更新前，该区域已经具备一定的商业气氛：位于区域北端的水上市场是跨在三官河道上的一个临时建筑，当地人喜欢来此处吃早点；滨河路西侧有一排店铺，是县城内最主要商业街——人民东路店铺的延续，但规模有限；此外，三官河东侧和燕子河南侧还有一些零星商业。它们共同组成了本区域的商业基础，但问题也比较明显，如：人车混行、商业分散、缺乏联系、建筑老旧等。

Before the renewal, the area already had a certain commercial atmosphere: the water market located at the northern end of the area was a temporary building spanning the Sanguan River where locals liked to have breakfast. There is a row of shops on the west side of Binhe Road, which is a continuation of the main commercial street in the county - Renmin East Road shops, but with a limited scale. In addition, there are some scattered commercial activities on the east side of Sanguan River and the south side of Yanzi River, which together form the commercial foundation of this region, but the problems are also quite obvious, such as mixed use of people and vehicles, scattered commerce, lack of connectivity, and outdated buildings.

针对该区域的现状问题，业主希望能通过城市更新改善区域的环境质量，为周边居民提供更好的休闲消费场所；同时结合新人字桥（希望新桥承担更多的城市休闲和商业用途）的建设，扩大区域的商业规模，串联周边几个公共和商业空间，形成具有地标性的商业休闲区。

In response to the current situation in the area, the owner hopes to improve the environmental quality of the area through urban renewal and provide better leisure and consumption places for surrounding residents, at the same time, combined with the construction of the new Herringbone Bridge, which is supposed to undertake more urban leisure and commercial purposes, to expand the commercial scale of the region, to connect several public and commercial spaces in the surrounding area, and to form a landmark commercial and leisure area.

新人字桥

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一座服务时代的新廊桥

新人字桥是本项目的重点之一。更新前，人字桥是县城中一座交通桥，2003年完工，主桥总长117米，桥宽12米，车行道9米，两侧人行道各1.5米，又名燕河桥。

The new Herringbone Bridge is one of the focuses of this project. Before the update, The Herringbone Bridge was a traffic bridge in the county town, with a total length of 117 meters, a width of 12 meters, a roadway of 9 meters, and 1.5 meters of sidewalks on both sides. It was completed in 2003 and is also known as Yanhe Bridge.

人字桥联系了三水六岸，将滨河路商街、燕子坞商业楼、市政广场、康县幼儿园等公共空间连接起来，但随着康县沿河其他桥梁的修建，人字桥的车行交通功能已明显下降，反而是人行和慢速交通比较繁忙。鉴于此，业主希望将它改造升级为一个对步行和慢速交通者友好的桥：除了通行功能外，还可以与滨河路商业街串联起来，在早晚时段，作为便民市场使用。此外，新人字桥还需要具备标志性和传播力，能成为康县的新地标、新名片。

The Herringbone Bridge connects the three rivers and six banks, connecting public spaces such as the Binhe Road Commercial Street, the Yanziwu Commercial Building, the Municipal Square, and the Kang County Kindergarten. However, with the construction of other bridges along the river in the county, the vehicle traffic function of the Herringbone Bridge has significantly decreased, and instead, pedestrian and slow speed traffic are relatively busy. In view of this, the owner hopes to transform and upgrade it into a bridge that is friendly to pedestrians and slow traffic: in addition to its pedestrian function, it can also be connected to the Binhe Road commercial street, and used as a convenient market in the morning and evening. In addition, the new Herringbone Bridge also needs to have iconic and communicative power, and can become a new landmark and business card of Kang County.

经过思考，建筑师决定将人字桥改为一座廊桥。设计的灵感来自于康县境内的一座古廊桥——龙凤桥。龙凤桥是省级文保单位，曾是茶马古道上的一座廊桥，见证了康县作为西部地区交通要冲的历史。同时，廊桥的形制也很好的对应了交通和非交通功能共存的理论，符合新人字桥的身份定位。

After careful consideration, the architect decided to convert the Herringbone Bridge into a corridor bridge. The design inspiration comes from an ancient corridor bridge in Kang County - the Dragon and Phoenix Bridge, which is a provincial-level cultural relic and was once a covered bridge on the Tea Horse Ancient Road, witnessing the history of Kang County as a transportation hub in the western region. At the same time, the shape of the corridor bridge also corresponds well to the theory of coexistence of traffic and non-traffic functions, which is in line with the identity positioning of the new Herringbone Bridge.

新廊桥保留了原桥的主体结构，新增建筑加建于桥面之上。廊桥的平面沿原桥走势布局，宽9米，屋顶最高处7.2米，檐口高度3.2米（可以保证消防车的通行），双坡顶。从剖面看，廊桥中部供人通行，也可作为临时市场、休闲演出的场地；座椅位于廊桥两侧，榀架之间，供人休息。值得注意的是，座椅并不只出现在廊桥内部，廊桥的外侧也设置了座椅，很好地满足了不同的观景需要。

The new corridor bridge retains the main structure of the original bridge and adds new buildings to the bridge deck. The layout of the corridor bridge follows the original bridge trend, with a width of 9m, the highest point of the roof of 7.2m, and a eaves height of 3.2m, which ensures the passage of fire trucks, with double sloping roofs. From the cross-section, the central part of the corridor bridge is for people to pass through and can also be used as a temporary market and a venue for leisure performances. The seats are located on both sides of the corridor bridge and between the frames, for people to rest. It is worth noting that the seats do not only appear inside the bridge, but also on the outer sides of the bridge, which well meets different viewing needs.

原桥梁两侧的人行道和汉白玉栏板被保留，这既是一份历史记忆，也让行人可以选择不进入廊桥内部，快捷地通过新人字桥。在廊桥内被市场或其他活动占用时，这样的设计非常实用。桥面进行了重新铺装，将原有的交通标识进行了艺术化处理，变形为新的地面涂装。

The sidewalks and white marble balustrades on both sides of the original bridge have been retained, which are not only a historical memory, but also allow pedestrians to choose not to enter the interior of the corridor bridge and quickly cross the new Herringbone Bridge, which is very practical when the interior space is occupied by markets or other activities. The bridge deck has been repaved and the original traffic signs have been artistically transformed into new ground coatings.

廊桥主体采用木机构，木材用量约为160立方米，固碳总量约144吨。桥梁以坡顶门式框架为主体，并将双侧立柱加以斜撑。整个榀架均由花旗松胶合木为结构主体，通过6根胶合木构件连接而成。同时为了表现立柱的片状体积感，每根立柱两侧使用50毫米厚的红雪松胶合板夹住，既丰富了结构表面的建构层次，又为排水照明等设备预留了隐藏空间，还可对主体结构进行适当保护。

The main body of the corridor bridge adopts a wooden structure, with a wood consumption of about 160 cubic meters and a total carbon sequestration of about 144 tons. The portal frame at the top of the slope is taken as the main body, and slant support is applied to the columns on both sides. The entire frame is made of Douglas fir glued wood as the main structure, connected by 6 glued wood components. At the same time, in order to demonstrate the flaky volume of the columns, 50mm thick red cedar plywood is used to clamp on both sides of each column, which not only enriches the construction level of the structural surface, but also reserves hidden space for drainage and lighting equipments, and can also provide appropriate protection for the main structure.

廊桥分为三个翼，在中间汇聚位置形成大空间。此处门式框架变成单侧的“单立人”结构形式，它们与位于中间的树状钢结构柱一起承托起内向弯曲的三角形钢梁。树状结构柱同时也是廊桥内部的视觉中心点，人们从三个不同方向进入廊桥，都可以看到它并被其吸引，进而向中间汇聚。

The corridor bridge is divided into three wings, forming a large space at the convergence point in the middle. The portal frame here becomes a single side standing structure, which, together with the tree shaped steel column located in the middle, supports the inward curved triangular steel beam. The tree shaped structural column is also the visual center point inside the bridge. When entering the bridge from three different directions, people can see it and be attracted, converging towards the middle.

屋顶正脊部分开设天窗，配以彩色玻璃，从红至蓝渐变的彩色玻璃，象征了时间。光线透过天窗照射到廊桥内部，为廊桥平添了浪漫的气氛。为了使彩色玻璃更为连贯和通透，正脊处的主梁被位于两侧的次梁取代，这样的处理也让屋顶显得更为轻盈。屋顶外表皮使用了镀锌钢板，在回应传统青瓦肌理的同时，又使建筑更具有当代性。

A skylight is set up on the ridge of the roof, inlaid with colored glass, which ranges from red to blue, representing time. Light shines through the skylight into the interior of the bridge, adding a romantic atmosphere to it. In order to make the stained glass more coherent and transparent, the main beam at the ridge is replaced by secondary beams located on both sides, making the roof appear lighter. The outer surface of the roof is made of galvanized steel plate, which not only responds to the traditional texture of the chinese-style tiles, but also makes the building more contemporary.

在廊桥立面上还设有几个独立的小房间，它们形态不一，窗口方向也不同，有的指向水上市场，有的朝向河道中的石滩。这些小房间既是取景框，又可提供独立的休憩和活动空间，为后续运营提供了多种可能性。它们的出现也打破了廊桥一成不变的节奏感，增加了空间的变化和趣味性。

There are several independent small rooms on the facade of the corridor bridge, which have different shapes and window directions. Some point towards the water market, while others point towards the rocky beach in the river. These small rooms serve as both viewfinder frames and provide independent resting and activity spaces, providing various possibilities for subsequent operations. Their appearance has also broken the unchanging rhythm of the corridor bridge, increasing the variation and fun of the space.

在一些细节的处理上，新人字桥也从龙凤桥吸取了营养。如廊桥入口的造型就借鉴了龙凤桥的处理方式，采用“八字门”形式，内窄外宽，展示出一种欢迎的姿态。在天花部分梁与板的关系上，设计师有意将梁和望板的材质、颜色区别开，这样的处理回应了龙凤桥天花的处理方式，也使廊桥更具韵律感。

In terms of handling some details, the new Herringbone Bridge also drew nourishment from the Dragon and Phonenix Bridge. For example, the design of the entrance of the corridor bridge draws inspiration from the treatment method of the Dragon and Phonenix Bridge, adopting the "horn mouth door" form, with a narrow inside and a wide outside, giving people a welcoming posture. In terms of the relationship between the beams and slabs in the ceiling section, the designer intentionally differentiated the materials and colors of the beams and the observation slabs. This treatment responds to the treatment method of the Dragon and Phonenix Bridge ceiling and also makes the corridor bridge more rhythmic.

夜景照明方面，因廊桥除通行功能外，还有临时市场或活动的用途。故，照明设计在呈现更多层次的同时，兼顾了行进、休息、交易、欣赏这四种行为的光环境要求：中间的下射灯照亮路面，桥梁顶部轻微给光，将视觉向上指引，坡屋顶利用对比较强的光强化结构的韵律。廊桥外部利用通道外侧的外溢光洗亮立柱，屋面不设置照明，彩色顶窗使用内透光和廊桥下半部分形成亮度上的呼应。此外，设计尽量利用廊桥的木结构构件将灯具及管线隐藏，以达到“见光不见灯”的效果，但由于成本和时间所限，灯具隐藏尚不完美。

As for the night lighting, the corridor bridge not only serves as a passage, but also serves as a temporary market or event. Therefore, while presenting a more layered lighting design, it also takes into account the lighting environment requirements for four behaviors: walking, resting, trading, and appreciating. The downward spotlight in the middle illuminates the road surface, the top of the bridge provides light slightly, guiding the visual upwards, and the sloping roof utilizes stronger light to enhance the rhythm of the structure. The exterior of the corridor bridge uses the overflow light on the outside of the channel to clean and brighten the columns, while the roof is not equipped with lighting. The colored roof windows use internal transparency and the lower part of the corridor bridge to form a brightness echo. In addition, it tries to use the wooden structural components of the corridor bridge to hide the lighting fixtures and pipelines, achieving the effect of "seeing light but not light sources". However, due to cost and time constraints, the concealment of lighting fixtures is not yet perfect.

商业街和水上市场

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空间升级带动商业增值

滨河路商业街和水上市场现状最主要的矛盾包括以下几点：

1）人车混行，车行交通和消费休闲人群行为冲突；

2）临街商业主要集中在街道西侧，街道北段东侧的水上市场与街道有较大高差，商业街双侧围合感难以形成；

3）商业街较短，规模不足；

4）街道空间少变化，缺少公共开放空间，公共活动很难组织。

The main contradiction currently between the Binhe Road commercial street and the water market includes:

1) There are mixed use of people and vehicles as well as conflicts between vehicle traffic and consumer leisure behavior;

2) The commercial areas are mainly concentrated on the west side of the street, while the water market on the east side of the north section has a significant height difference from the street, making it difficult to form a sense of enclosure on both sides of the commercial street;

3) The commercial street is relatively short and lacks sufficient scale;

4) The street space has few changes and lacks public open spaces, making it difficult to organize public activities.

针对以上的几个问题，设计一一给予了解答。首先，设计将滨河路从人民东路到人字桥路段的交通改为步行街，将公交车站移到区域外围。这样的处理，为后续商业街的升级提供了基本条件。然后，设计在道路东侧增加建筑，使之与原街道西侧的店面形成对应关系，增加出租面积的同时，也完善了商业街的空间感。新增建筑主要位于水上市场和新人字桥之间的道路东侧，二层，在保障防火间距的基础上，它们与西侧店铺、水上市场一起形成了商业街的新垂直界面。

The design has provided answers to the above questions one by one. Firstly, the traffic section on the section of Binhe Road from Renmin East Road to the Herringbone Bridge is changed to a pedestrian street, and the bus station is moved to the outskirts of the area. This treatment provides the basic conditions for the subsequent upgrading of the commercial street. Then, buildings are added on the east side of the road to form a corresponding relationship with the storefront on the west side of the original street, increasing the rental area while also improving the spatial sense of the commercial street. The newly added buildings are mainly located on the east side of the road between the water market and the new Herringbone Bridge, with two floors. On the basis of ensuring fire separation distance, they form a new vertical interface of the commercial street together with the shops on the west side and the water market.

项目在商业街北口新建了一座过街桥。过街桥的西侧与原店铺二层通道相连，东侧为楼梯。过街桥和楼梯的围板、屋顶一起构成了商业街的入口标志物，强化了街道的入口。同时，楼梯和过街桥也把地面的人流引向二层店铺，大大改善了原二层店铺的经营情况（更新前基本处于空置状态）。

A new pedestrian bridge at the north entrance of the commercial street is built. The west side of the street crossing bridge is connected to the second floor passage of the original store, and the east side is a staircase. The fence and roof of the pedestrian bridge and stairs together form the entrance landmark of the commercial street, strengthening the entrance of the street. At the same time, the stairs and pedestrian bridge also redirect the flow of people from the ground to the second floor stores, greatly improving the operating situation of the original second floor stores, which were basically vacant before the update.

水上市场和原临街商铺的外立面也得到更新：水上市场，利用白色的亚克力格栅将原本杂乱的二层外立面规整，使建筑更整洁。街道西侧店铺两层通道的栏板也更新为白色穿孔板，这里是店铺招牌新的安装位置。通道下加设一排立柱，加强了通道的结构强度，以应对二层人流增加后的荷载。立柱也为街道增添了水平层次，并与新建筑的外立面材料相呼应。

The exterior facades of the water market and the original street facing shops have also been updated: As for the water market, white acrylic grilles are applied to tidy up the originally messy second floor exterior, making the building cleaner. The fence boards of the two-story channel of the shop on the west side of the street have also been updated to white perforated boards, which are the new installation places for the shop signs. A row of columns are added under the passage to enhance the structural strength of the passage to cope with the increased load from the pedestrian flow on the second floor. The columns also add a horizontal level to the street and echo the materials of the new building's exterior facade.

在商业街的北段和南端，两个小广场被建构起来。北段的小广场毗邻水上市场的西立面，通过一组大台阶既解决了水上市场一层店铺与道路之间的高差，及店铺前缺少站立空间的问题，又为商业街提供了一处开敞的公共空间。居民可以在此处小坐，观看商业街的人群或特定的表演。

At the northern section and the southern end of the commercial street, two small squares have been constructed. The small square in the northern section is adjacent to the west facade of the water market. Through a set of large steps, it not only solves the height difference between the first floor of the water market's shops and the road, as well as the lack of standing space in front of the shops, but also provides an open public space for the commercial street. Residents can sit here, watch the crowds on the commercial street, or attend specific performances.

商业街南端的小广场连接了新人字桥、电信塔，以及西面的燕子坞商业楼和市政广场。这个小广场也为观看河道和新人字桥提供了拍照打卡点。在最早的设计中，此处还应有一个通向河道亲水平台的楼梯，这样可以更好将河道景观、商业街和新人字桥链接在一起，形成立体的空间体验。

The small square at the southern end of the commercial street connects the new Herringbone Bridge, the signal tower, as well as the Yanziwu Commercial Building and the municipal square to the west. This small square also provides a photo check-in point for viewing the river and the new Herringbone Bridge. In the earliest design, there should also be a staircase leading to a waterfront platform of the river, which could better connect the river landscape, the commercial street, and the new Herringbone Bridge together, forming a three-dimensional spatial experience.

商业街的地面铺装也做了升级处理。原道路人行道和车行道之间的路牙被拆除，道路找平后，使用石材铺装替换原柏油路面。此外，设计将康县的历史文化信息制作成铜牌镶嵌在地面上，顾客在休息购物的同时可以进一步了解康县，增加了趣味性和知识性。

The ground paving of the commercial street has also been upgraded. The curbs between the original sidewalk and the roadway are removed, the road leveled, and the original asphalt pavement replaced with stone paving. In addition, the design makes the historical and cultural information of Kang County into bronze plaques embedded on the ground, allowing customers to further understand Kang County while resting and shopping, adding fun and knowledge.

对于夜景，照明设计师在经过仔细分析后，设置了不同模式，除常用的节庆模式、假日模式和平日模式外，还设置了活跃和素雅模式，以满足不同使用者以及不同商业氛围的需求。设计师还将区域内的建筑照明整体考虑，彼此呼应，如水上市场外立面的动态照明就和信号塔的闪烁效果相呼应，一起营造街道的商业氛围。

As for the night view, after careful analysis, the lighting designer has set up different modes. In addition to the common festival mode, holiday mode, and weekday mode, they have also set up active and elegant modes to meet the needs of different users and commercial atmospheres. The designer also considers the overall lighting of the buildings in the area, complementing each other. For example, the dynamic lighting on the exterior of the water market echoes the flickering effect of the signal tower, creating a commercial atmosphere on the street together.

信号塔

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新的制高点

信号塔位于商业街的南端，人字桥西北侧，既是区域内的制高点，也是康县最高的构筑物之一。但信号塔超大的体量和工业化的造型和商业街的氛围并不相符。如何在不影响信号塔工作的情况下对其进行改善，是设计师需要解决的问题。

The signal tower is located at the southern end of the commercial street, on the northwest side of the Herringbone Bridge. It is not only the highest point in the area, but also one of the tallest structures in Kang County. However, the large size and industrial design of the signal tower do not match the atmosphere of the commercial street. How to improve the signal tower without affecting its operation is a problem that the designers need to solve.

设计师用相对简单的方式对信号塔进行了艺术化处理：借用原有的钢架结构，在结构间安装一组红色的三角形亚克力片。亚克力片主要集中在信号塔下半部分四分之一的范围内，这样的处理既保障了信号塔的正常运行，不产生过大的风阻和荷载，又改善了铁塔原本工业化的形象，使之与更新后的商业街、人字桥相呼应。

The designers artistically treated the signal tower in a relatively simple way: utilizing the original steel frame structure and installing a set of red triangular acrylic sheets between the structures. The acrylic sheets are mainly concentrated within 1/4 of the lower part of the signal tower. This treatment not only ensures the normal operation of the signal tower without generating excessive wind resistance and load, but also improves the original industrial image of the tower, making it consistent with the updated commercial street and pedestrian bridge.

在夜晚，信号塔一改白天的低调，成为区域乃至县城内重要的视觉元素。首先，设计使用少量投光灯，为塔身提供基础景观照明；然后，在塔身结构上加装RGB的LED灯，通过程序设置，每晚整点会闪烁报时。此外，在塔下设置感应装置，让使用者可以和塔身上的灯光互动。随着LED灯光的闪烁效果，一个华丽的制高点被创造出来，得以在加强街区商业气氛的同时，很好地撩拨起观众的情绪。

At night, instead of being low-key during the day, the signal tower becomes an important visual element in the area and even the county town. Firstly, a small amount of floodlights are used to provide basic landscape lighting for the tower body. Then, RGB LED lights are installed on the tower structure, and through program settings, the time will flash hourly every night. In addition, sensing devices are installed under the tower to allow users to interact with the lights on the tower. With the flickering effect of LED lights, a magnificent high point is created, and the commercial atmosphere of the block is strengthened, while the emotions of the audience are also well stirred up.

结语

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康县是中国西部众多县城的典型代表，经历了过去30年的发展，城市面貌不旧但缺乏特点，商业街中规中矩，但没有识别度和体验感，城市缺少吸引外来人，特别是年轻人造访的理由。

Kang County is a typical representative of many county towns in western China. After 30 years of development, the urban landscape is not old but lacks characteristics. The commercial streets are average but lack recognition and experience. The city lacks reasons to attract outsiders, especially young people, to visit.

本项目试图从空间入手，通过改善街区环境，营造白天和夜晚的商业和休闲气氛，打造具有体验感的地标性建筑等手段，提升县城魅力，在改善当地人生活质量的同时，吸引外部资源和关注，为西部县城注入新能量。

This project attempts to start from space, by improving the neighborhood environment, creating a commercial and leisure atmosphere during the day and night, and landmark buildings with a sense of experience, to enhance the charm of the county town. While improving the life quality of local people, it also attracts external resources and attention, injecting new energy into the western county town.