在斯洛文尼亚的古老城镇中：SKORBA村中心 / ENOTA

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Skorba是斯洛文尼亚最古老的城镇普图伊（Ptuj）附近的一个小村庄。村庄原来是一个自成体系的聚落，但随着岁月的流逝和城市扩张，村庄变成一个没有清晰结构的郊区，这导致了村庄各部分沿着道路多样化生长。这里没有公共平面布局，也没有具有辨识性的村庄中心。

Skorba is a small village in the vicinity of Ptuj, Slovenia''s oldest town. Once a typical village with a clustered settlement patte, the passage of years and the proximity of the city caused it to grow out of tu, transforming it into a commuter suburb without a clear structure. The organic growth resulted in a markedly heterogeneous development organised along the access roads, with no public surface layout and without a clearly legible village centre.

因此，村里决定建立村庄教堂之后，首先考虑的是如何利用这个机会为村民创造一个活动中心和社交空间。新村中心的选址是经过深思熟虑过的：村庄的溪流源于此地，这里也是一个河岸阶地上升到另一个阶地的交汇点。村中心坐落在社区中心大楼附近，位于村庄主干道的十字路口。

Consequently, the first consideration following the decision to erect a village chapel was how to use this opportunity to also lay out a central event and socialising space for the villagers. The site for the new village centre was carefully chosen: the plot once contained the village stream source, and this is also the point where the one river terrace bank rises upwards to the other one. The village centre is sited close to the community centre building, at the crossroads of the main paths through the village.

在新的村庄中心Skorba项目中，最值得提及的是，从提出最初的想法到完成整个项目都是由居民自己倡导的。他们积极筹集资金购买地块并自主建造，这需要村民自愿工作数小时。在起草项目时，所有这些因素都必须考虑在内。因此，设计并不在于每个细节都尽善尽美，也没有采用任何高科技解决方案。相反，村中心的设计目标是与周围环境建立适当的关系，并且主要通过设计辨识度强的体量和简洁的实体来形成足够大胆的外观。

In discussing the new village centre Skorba, it is remarkable that the entire project, from the initial idea to completion, was driven by the initiative of the inhabitants themselves. They took an active part in raising the funds to purchase the plot as well as in the construction, which required many hours of voluntary work by the villagers. All of this had to be taken into account when drafting the project. Therefore, the design does not hinge upon the perfection of every detail and does not feature any high-tech solutions. Instead, it aims to establish an appropriate relationship with its surroundings and a sufficiently bold appearance chiefly by means of a clearly legible volumetric design and simple materiality.

定义空间的第一步是在空置地块中央设置了一个三角形广场，铺设了与草地明显分开的地面材质，由此定义了未来的社交空间。接着将一条狭窄的通道与地块周边的村道相连接。在地面的中央，几何形状铺面的部分稍稍倾斜，从而让活动空间避开周围环境的影响，并引导人们的注视焦点。接下来，教堂和坐席被抬高，以创建一个内向的村庄广场。最终，新村庄广场被截去高于同一水平高度的部分，从而使建筑物产生了类似屋顶的效果，并由此确定了结构形态。

The first step in defining the space is the siting of the triangular surface of the new square in the centre of the vacant plot. The paved surface, clearly separate from the grassy surroundings, defines the future socialising space. The surface then employs a narrow access path to connect to the road passing by. The central part, created by the section of the geometries of both paved surfaces, is given a slight dip, which shelters the event space from the impacts of the surroundings and directs all users'' gazes towards the centre. Next, the volumes of the chapel and the grandstands are raised to create an introverted village square. The final device in designing the new village square is the truncation of the raised volumes by means of a uniform plane which creates an impression of a virtual roof and completes the structure''s form.

整个结构由统一的材料——白色混凝土制成。简单实体和强烈体积感的结合，创造了一个有吸引力的空间元素，其外观足够大胆，掩盖了周围环境的混乱结构，并彰显该区域的重要性。

The entire structure is made of a uniform material -- white concrete. The combination of simple materiality and emphasised volumes creates an attractive spatial element, its appearance sufficiently bold to drown the heterogeneous structure of the surroundings and mark the significance of the area.

Project: Skorba Village Center

Type: commission

Year: 2011

Status Completed: 2017

Size: 300m²

Gross Floor Area: 300m²

Site: 1.430m²

Footprint: 300m²

Cost: 120.000 EUR

Client: Hajdina Municipality

Location: Skorba, Slovenia

Coordinates: 46o25''13,34''''N 15o50''08,51''''E

Architecture: ENOTA

Project team: Dean Lah, Milan Tomac, Nebojša Vertovšek, Alja Čee Mazalin, Nuša Završnik Šilec, Tjaž Bauer, Polona Ruparčič

Collaborators: Elea iC (structural engineering)

Photo: Miran Kambič

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