莫干山一纸桥：折纸为山 / 泛式建筑＋和作

撰文：王莽源、张准 | 编辑：蔡如若（实习）| 校对：李博超 | 2024.11.29 19:57

建筑设计 泛式建筑

结构设计 和作结构建筑研究所

设计统筹管理 ConCom集良建筑

项目地点 浙江湖州

设计时间 2023年—2024年

建筑跨度 15.8米

撰文王莽源（建筑部分）、张准（结构部分）

泛式建筑于2022年七桥国际竞赛中，获得了其中两座步行桥梁的设计权。一纸桥，便是其中一座。

Far workshop won two pedestrian bridges in the 2022 Seven Bridges International Competition. Folio Bridge is one of them.

如纸

Like a sheet of paper

一纸桥，源于对一张A4纸的想象：如何让一张纸，仅仅通过几条折痕便可达到一定的力学强度，同时又能维持纸张本身轻薄且略显脆弱的反差感。

Folio Bridge originates from the imagination of an A4 sheet of paper. How can a piece of paper achieve a certain mechanical strength just by a few creases, while also maintaining the paper's own light and slightly fragile contrast.

我们在测试了多种折痕的可能性后，选择了仅通过一条折痕来实现桥梁跨度的想法。在与和作结构研究所的合作中，我们确认了通过三条构造曲线以及一个构造点的方式来拟合折痕的桥体形式。通过反复调整三条构造线的曲率以及上方构造点的位置，我们试图寻找受力的最佳分布。

After testing various possibilities of creases, we chose the idea of achieving the bridge span with just one crease. In the modeling process, we confirmed the bridge body form by fitting three construction curves and one construction point to the crease. In collaboration with Zhang Zhun's Structural Research Institute, we repeatedly adjusted the curvature of the three construction lines and the position of the construction point above to find the best distribution of forces.

如山

Like a mountain

最终确定的桥体由于坡度过大，我们放弃了直接让行人上桥面的可能性。隆起的桥面，让我们仿佛看到了西面的山。或者我们可以让人们如同走上山间的小路一样走上这座桥。一条细长的踏步小径架在桥面上，下面是如纸薄般“厚重的山”。

Due to the steep slope of the final determined bridge body, we abandoned the possibility of allowing pedestrians to directly ascend the bridge surface. The bulging bridge surface, we saw the mountain to the west. Or we could let people walk on this bridge as if walking on a mountain path, a slender stepping path is placed on the bridge surface, with a mountain as massive as it is as thin as paper.

为了最大程度消解踏步小径的实体感对桥体本身的视觉干扰，我们采用了纤细的高强度螺纹钢筋作为单一材料，实现了从支撑到踏板以及扶手的材料一体化设计。

To minimize the visual interference of the stepping path's solid sense on the bridge body itself, we used slender high-strength threaded steel bars as the single material to complete the material integration from support to step and handrail.

施工

construction

整座桥跨度15.825米，桥体钢板厚度25毫米。由于桥体的曲线复杂，施工方事先根据设计剖面制作了一个定位框架。桥体被分解成多块不同曲率的钢板，用压轴机进行人工弯折调试，随后通过已制作好的框架进行空间定位及整体焊接，最后再安装螺纹钢筋步道。

The entire bridge spans 15.825 meters. Due to the complex curves of the bridge body, the construction side made a positioning frame according to the design section in advance. The bridge body was divided into multiple steel plates with different curvatures, which were manually bent and adjusted by a press machine. Finally, they were spatially positioned and welded as a whole through the pre-made frame. The threaded steel bar path was installed afterwards.

由于本桥结构的特殊性，投入使用前我们进行了原位堆载实验。

Due to the unique structural characteristics of this bridge, a load test was conducted on-site before it was put into use.

由一张轻薄的“纸”折成了一座“厚重的山”，纤细的钢筋弯成了“山间的小路”。一纸桥实际上讨论的是，由极致结构带来的视觉与身体体验上的反差。这种反差唤起了人们对这座桥独特的空间知觉。

A thin sheet of 'paper' is folded into a 'massive mountain', and slender steel bars are bent into 'mountain paths'. A paper bridge in fact is discussing the unique spatial experience evoked by the extreme structure, which creates a visual and physical experience contrast. Through this contrast, it awakens people's perception of the bridge's distinctive space.