扎哈事务所最新方案：乌兹别克斯坦的“河岸之花”

位于新塔什干的阿利舍尔·纳沃伊国际科学研究中心，将包括纳沃伊国家文学博物馆，以及一个可容纳400人的演出、活动和会议的礼堂。设计中还包括国际研究中心和一所容纳200名学生的寄宿学校，专注于对乌兹别克语言、文学和音乐的研学。

The Alisher Navoi International Scientific Research Centre in New Tashkent will incorporate the Navoi State Museum of Literature together with a 400-seat auditorium for performances, events and conferences. The design also comprises the International Research Centre and a residential school for 200 students specialising in Uzbek language, literature and music.

研究中心位于新塔什干的新文化区内。新文化区总体规划占地2.5万公顷，由Cross Works设计，旨在满足城市日益增长的人口需求。研究中心致力于弘扬乌兹别克文学和沙什马库姆音乐传统。沙什马库姆音乐融合了声乐和器乐、旋律和节奏、诗歌，是乌兹别克文化的重要组成部分，而塔什干是这种音乐文化最为著名的中心。

Anchoring the new cultural quarter within New Tashkent (a 25,000-hectare masterplan designed by Cross Works to accommodate the city’s growing population), the Alisher Navoi International Scientific Research Centre celebrates the traditions of Uzbek literature and Shashmaqom music. A fusion of vocal and instrumental music, melodic and rhythmic idioms and poetry, the classical music tradition of Shashmaqom is an integral part of Uzbek culture with Tashkent renowned as a centre of excellence.

研究中心以15世纪的诗人、作家、语言学家和政治家阿利舍尔·纳沃伊的名字命名，他的作品对乌兹别克斯坦的文化产生了深远影响。该中心占地2.3万平方米，以一系列相互连接的空间，促进文学教育、研究与表演艺术之间的对话。

Named after Alisher Navoi, the 15th Century poet, author, linguist and stateman whose works had a profound influence in the cultural heritage of Uzbekistan, the 23,000 sq.m International Research Centre has been designed with a variety of interconnected spaces to encourage dialogue between literary education, research and the performing arts.

▲ 方案视频  ©ZHA

该研究中心的拱形外墙和内部装饰将采用塔什干当地窑厂生产的砖块，这种形式与乌兹别克斯坦备受推崇的传统建筑的曲线几何形状相呼应。庭院是该地区本土传统的另一个典型特征，该项目将庭院纳入其中，以提供自然光和自然通风，同时创造各种户外聚会的空间和个人沉思的区域。

The centre’s arched facades and interiors will be crafted from bricks produced in Tashkent’s local kilns, echoing the curvilinear geometries of Uzbekistan’s acclaimed traditional architecture. Courtyards, another defining feature of the region’s vernacular tradition, are incorporated within to new centre to provide natural light and ventilation while creating a variety of outdoor gathering spaces and areas for private contemplation.

项目位于塔什干的地中海气候区，受到中亚大陆的影响，其设计遵循被动式建筑原则，为游客、工作人员、学生提供最佳环境条件，同时最大限度地减少能源消耗。

Situated in Tashkent’s Mediterranean climate with the continental influence of its Central Asian location, the centre’s design is defined by passive architectural principles to provide optimal conditions for visitors, staff and students while minimising energy consumption.

中亚和中东传统建筑中的风塔可以保持较低的室内温度，受此启发，在该研究中心的设计中，支撑拱门的几何构成被设计成空心结构，其开口可以捕捉气流，并将冷风导入建筑。在最炎热的月份，这一系统还将在上述过程之前使用风扇和喷雾。

Informed by the wind towers of Central Asian and Middle Eastern vernacular architecture that maintain cooler interior temperatures, the geometries and composition of the centre’s supporting arches have been designed as hollow structures with openings that capture the wind and channel cooling ventilation into the building. In the hottest months, this system will be supported by fans and misting to cool the air before it circulates within the structure.

在无风的天气条件下，这些空心拱形结构会产生气压梯度，形成一个热力学烟囱，将热空气向上抽走，从每个拱顶的开口处排出。

In weather conditions without wind, these hollow arched structures create a pressure gradient which extracts hot air upwards, producing a thermal chimney allowing warmer air to escape through the openings at the top of each arch.

这种冷却效应由于昼夜交替而被加强，在抽走较热空气的同时，也将较冷空气阻隔在下方。加之建筑结构是一个大体量的热学整体，可以以最小的能耗维持最佳的舒适度。庭院和天窗将自然光引入中心的中心地带，而深远的屋檐在夏季为建筑立面提供了有效的遮阳，同时也得以让冬季的阳光能够进入建筑内部，带来温暖。

These cooling principles are enhanced by the day-night cycle, extracting warmer air while trapping cooler air below. Coupled with high thermal mass of the centre’s structure, optimum conditions of comfort can be maintained with minimal energy consumption. Courtyards and skylights bring natural light into the heart of the centre while deep roof overhangs provide its façades with effective solar shading in summer yet permit winter sun into the building to warm the interiors.

纳沃伊国家文学博物馆位于这个机构的中央，将提供研究、档案和展览等综合功能，包括一个修复工作室和一个收藏有3500本历史书籍和手稿的库房。博物馆围绕中央庭院设有13个常设展厅，将展示乌兹别克几个世纪以来的的文学史和该国最著名的一些当代作家的作品。

The Navoi State Museum of Literature at the heart of the institute will provide comprehensive programs of research, archives and exhibitions that include a restoration workshop and a repository housing a collection of 3,500 historical books and manuscripts. Incorporating 13 permanent exhibition halls around a central courtyard, the museum will present centuries of Uzbek literary history and contemporary works by the nation’s most renowned authors.

该中心的室外空间从沙什马库姆音乐的动感中汲取灵感，创造了一个让城市里的艺术家和广大社区居民汇聚一堂的环境，形成了一系列带有露天剧场和花园的景观平台，花园中还设有供即兴表演使用的遮阳亭。

Taking inspiration from the dynamic performances of Shashmaqom music to create a setting where the city’s artists and wider community come together, the centre’s outdoor spaces define an sequence of landscaped terraces with open-air amphitheatres and gardens with shaded pavilions for impromptu performances.

阿利舍尔·纳沃伊国际科学研究中心展示了乌兹别克斯坦文化遗产的多样性和深度。项目旨在打造一个创意中心，创造一系列融合传统与现代的场所，用于承办艺术、教育和研究项目。

Celebrating Uzbekistan’s rich cultural heritage, while also showcasing its diversity and depth, the Alisher Navoi International Scientific Research Centre aims to become a hub of creativity with an ensemble of traditional and contemporary venues for the arts as well as hosting educational and research programs.

完整项目信息

Project Team
Design: Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA)
ZHA Principal: Patrik Schumacher
ZHA Project Director: Paolo Matteuzzi
ZHA Design Directors: Paolo Matteuzzi, Paulo Flores
ZHA Project Architects: Effie Nakajima, Karoly Markos, Luca Ruggeri, Davide Del Giudice
ZHA Project Team: Andrei-Ciprian Cojocaru, Canon Lee, Ceren Tekin, Diego Ariza, Ekaterina Smirnova, Jose Navarrete Deza, Keyur Mistry, Ripple Patel, Sattor Jabbor, Ying Zhu

Consultants
Structural Engineers: Buro Happold
Environmental Consultant: Buro Happold
MEP: Burro Happold
Masterplan Consultancy: Buro Happold

本文由Zaha Hadid Architects授权有方发布，版权归来源机构所有。未经允许，禁止转载。