彻上露明造：中国履行《湿地公约》30周年成就展馆 / 华科大李保峰建筑工作室

编辑：楼樱 | 校对：李博超 | 2022.12.01 10:08

设计单位 华中科技大学李保峰建筑工作室

项目地点 武汉东湖

建筑面积 1431平方米

建成时间 2022年10月

本文文字由设计单位提供。

湿地是地球的宝贵资源，它对于减缓气候变化、保护水资源、维护生物多样性、减轻灾害风险，以及增加碳吸收具有积极的意义。《湿地公约》生效51年来，已有172个缔约方，由该组织认定的湿地城市有43个，其中中国最多，数量达13个，位居世界第一。

Wetlands are a valuable resource of the Earth, which has a positive impact on climate change mitigation, water conservation, biodiversity conservation, disaster risk reduction, and the increase of carbon sequestration. Since the Ramsar Convention came into force 51 years ago, there have been 172 parties to the Convention, and 43 wetland cities have been designated by the Convention. China has the most wetland cities with 13, ranking first in the world.

2022年11月5日以武汉作为主会场（日内瓦作为分会场），中国承办了《湿地公约》第十四届缔约方大会，中国国家主席习近平为大会致辞，彰显了中国加强生态文明建设的决心和责任，大会通过了《武汉宣言》。于此同时，在东湖落雁岛建成了中国履行《湿地公约》30周年成就展馆。

On May 5, China hosted the 14th meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, with Wuhan as the main venue (Geneva as the sub-venue). The Chinese president Xi Jinping addressed the conference, highlighting China's determination and responsibility to strengthen ecology civilization construction. The conference adopted the Wuhan Declaration. At the same time, an exhibition hall for the 30th anniversary of China's implementation of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands has been built on Luoyan Island in the East Lake.

2021年2月，中国开始筹办《湿地公约》第十四届缔约方大会，会址定在湖泊众多的武汉，大会的重要配套建筑“中国履行《湿地公约》30周年成就展馆”选址于武汉的东湖。

In February 2021, China began to prepare for the 14th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. The venue of the conference was located in Wuhan, a city with many lakes. Therefore, the important supporting building of the conference, the Exhibition Hall for the Achievements of the 30th Anniversary of China's Implementation of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, was located in East Lake of Wuhan.

根据东湖风景区总规中核心景区的保护要求以及一级保护区的建设方针，该区域内严禁建设与风景无关的设施，且严格控制新建建筑的高度、色彩、体量和风格。东湖是中国湿地的典型代表，且本项目所在的落雁景区景色独特、鸟类众多，是湿地资源的集中展示区域。

According to the protection requirements of the core scenic spot in the overall planning of East Lake Scenic Area and the construction guidelines of the first-class protected area, the construction of facilities unrelated to scenery is strictly prohibited in this area, and the height, color, volume and style of new buildings are strictly controlled. East Lake is a typical representative of China's wetlands. Luoyan Scenic area where this project is located has unique scenery and numerous birds, which is a concentrated display area of wetland resources.

在此地建展馆，最能体现展示内容与所在场所的一致性。经过多轮研讨，最终各方达成一致意见：以低强度介入的方式，改造东湖落雁岛上的一组废弃建筑。这里原是一个工业水厂，厂区内有水泵房、员工食堂、厨房及员工宿舍。20多年前水厂废弃，但建筑及内部的机械设备尚存。这里原是一个工业水厂，厂区内有水泵房、员工食堂、厨房及员工宿舍。20多年前水厂废弃，但建筑及内部的机械设备尚存。

The exhibition hall built here can best reflect the consistency of the display content and the site. After several rounds of discussion, the final decision was made to transform a group of abandoned buildings on Luoyan Island in East Lake by means of low intensity intervention. These used to be waterworks, with water pump room, staff canteen, kitchen and staff dormitory. The waterworks were abandoned more than 20 years ago, but the building and the mechanical equipment inside are still there.

我们希望通过设计使得老厂房得到活化和再生，在保留场所记忆的同时，植入新的文化场景和展示功能。我们在这组废弃建筑的基础上重新设计了外墙及屋面，并重新组织了观展动线。

We hope to revitalize and regenerate the old factory through the design, and implant new cultural scenes and display functions while retaining the memory of the place. On the basis of this group of abandoned buildings, we redesigned the exterior wall and roof, and reorganized the viewing line.

由于原有建筑面积太小，不足以承担展览的全部内容，我们在背水一侧挖了一个7米深的地下室，将其作为多媒体展厅。厂房空间高大，一般尺度的展览并不需要如此高的空间，因此我们在面对大湖一侧做了夹层，形成了文字、实物及多媒体多种展示方式组合，地面、空中及地下多元空间相结合的当代展示馆。旧水厂因工业而生，因环保而废，如今又因湿地而重生，可循环的人居环境生生不息、一脉相承。

As the original building area was too small to support all the contents of the exhibition, we dug a 7-meter-deep basement on the back side of the water and used it as a multimedia exhibition hall. As a general scale exhibition, it is not necessary to have such a high space. Therefore, we made a mezzanine on the side facing the lake, forming a contemporary exhibition hall that combines the ground, air and underground multiple Spaces with the combination of text, material objects and multimedia display.

原有厂房的旧屋顶显得沉闷，原有员工食堂和厨房的单坡屋顶潦草简陋，原有宿舍的平屋顶与优美的东湖环境格格不入。我们参照水鸟翅膀的形态，结合中国传统木构建筑的举折曲线，设计了出檐深远的单坡屋顶，在面对大湖面的高侧空间中设置夹层，形成观景、观鸟平台。

The double pitched roof of the original workshop is dull. The single pitched roof of the original staff canteen and kitchen is shabby. The flat roof of the original dormitory is incompatible with the beautiful East Lake environment. By referring to the shape of waterfowl wings and combining with the lift and fold curves of traditional Chinese wooden buildings, we designed a shed roof with deep eaves, and set a mezzanine in the higher side of slope facing the large lake to form a viewing platform.

我们按照中国传统建筑的“彻上露明造”逻辑，特意暴露全部结构，以展现屋檐之下具有表现力的木构体系。建筑竣工之后，有人看出了飞鸟展翅的动势：“野木迢迢遮去雁，渔舟点点映飞鸟”；有人看出了湖北出土之编钟的影子；有人看出了钢琴键盘的隐喻；也有人看到了楚文化的特征；还有人看出了九头鸟的气势。建筑形态的多义性解读赋予了这组建筑更多的内涵。

Following the “explore structure directly tradition”of ancient Chinese architecture，we deliberately exposed the entire structure to reveal the expressive wooden structure system under the eaves. After the construction was completed, some people saw the dynamic force of flying birds: wild trees covered the wild geese, fishing boats reflected the birds. Some people saw the shadow of chime bells unearthed in Hubei, and some people saw the metaphor of piano keyboard. Some people saw the characteristics of Chu culture. Some people saw the momentum of the nine-headed bird: nine-headed birds in the sky, Hubei guys on the ground. The polysemous interpretation of architectural form endows architecture with more connotation.

双曲面屋顶意味着必须使用弧形主次梁，这对传统的制造工艺是一个巨大的挑战，但在数字化时代，这并非难事，全过程的数字技术和机械臂轻松地完成了从CAD（计算机辅助设计）到CAM（计算机辅助制造）再到CAE（计算机辅助施工）的“无缝”连接，完整地实现了原初的设计预想。

Hyperboloid roofs mean that curved primary and secondary beams have to be used, which is a huge challenge for traditional manufacturing processes, but in the digital age, it's not difficult. Linlangmu Construction Technology Co., Ltd. easily achieved the design effect with a mechanical arm.

旧厂房中设置有水泵、水管、阀门等机械装置，这些都是当年水厂的核心设备，我们期望能在新展厅中完整地保留这些遗存物，并予以展示。这一想法得到了主管领导的高度认同，最终得以实现。

The industrial building is equipped with pumps, water pipes, valves and other mechanical devices, which are the core equipment of the waterworks at that time. We hope to retain these relics completely in the new exhibition hall and display them. This idea was highly appreciated by local leaders and finally realized.

如何在风景名胜区进行建造？这是一个涉及价值观和方法论的老问题，有人认为设计仿古建筑是与环境协调的可靠方法，也有人认为“协调”是个伪命题，“是否协调”完全是因人而异的主观判断，建筑的当代性才是值得当代建筑师追求的目标。本项目意在探索一条以谦和的方式，创造属于此时此地之建筑的道路。

How to construct buildings in scenic spots? It's an old question of values and methodology. Some people think that the design of antique architecture is a reliable way to coordinate with the environment, while others think that coordination is a false proposition, and the contemporary nature of architecture is a worthy goal for architects to pursue. The project aims to explore a modest way to create architecture that belongs here and now.