重庆万州吉祥街城市更新：旧城中的公共新生活 / WTD纬图设计

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2021.10.21 23:36

设计单位 纬图设计机构

项目地点 重庆万州

建成时间 2021年

景观面积 2400平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

这是一个在万州老城区由政府主导的项目，万州作为一个典型的山地城市，在城市的老城区里存在很多拉的很窄、很高的地形，以及生活界面破败杂乱的老街巷。这些老街巷空间正在失去它原本的生活氛围，变得死寂沉闷，居民也随之逐渐流失。政府迫切寻求一个街巷更新的切入口，为打开万州城市旧改更新的局面提供一个有效的示范。

Wanzhou is a typical mountainous district with many narrow, old and shabby streets, which are losing their original living atmosphere. With more and more inhabitants moving out, these streets have become empty and dead. In face of this kind of situation, the local government is anxious to find a solution and open up new prospects for Wanzhou’s urban renovation.

而本次改造的场地正是一个很好的契机，它处在城市新与旧空间的一个交界面上，前靠新商业，背靠一片老旧的街巷居民区。对于整个老城区来说，它是一个很小的点，但这个“点式” 街巷微空间联系着上下半城，联系着现代街区与老旧生活区，也联系着母城的过往，我们设计希望尊重现有巷道肌理与风貌，实现传统与新兴业态的融合共生，通过“点式”街巷的改造，促进城市的有机微更新，产生网络化触发效应，同时促使社会资源共同参与主动改造。

The renovated site happens to sit between the old and new urban spaces. Small though it is, it connects a modern street and an old neighborhood as well as the old memories of the city. Through the design, we hope to show respect for the existing street texture and integrate the new and traditional retails. The successful renovation of this street will encourage more social resources to promote the urban renovation on a larger scale.

改造设计用时尚的元素在老旧的街区上搭建起与年轻人互动的桥梁，同时保留场地的时间属性，让新与旧、时尚与复古在这里碰撞、交织，让每一位外来者与原始居民都能找到更好的归属，形成一种更好的生活状态。

Modern elements are employed to build a bridge between the old neighborhood and the young people. In this way, the integration of the old and new as well as the collision between modern and tradition will allow every visitor and inhabitant to have a sense of belonging and experience a better life.

场地背景

吉祥街是从万州港至万达广场，再进入万州母城的一个通道空间，向前连接着繁华热闹的万达金街，背后则是一片老旧的半山居住区，狭窄的巷道向上连接着承载母城历史记忆的行署大院。而项目的中心场地是一个附属于老旧社区的边缘背景生活空间，被围合成一个三角形区域，两端通过窄长的甬道与外面的万达广场相连。

Jixiang Street serves as an access from Wanda Plaza to Wanzhou old town. It is connected with the busy Wanda Golden Street in front and sits against the old neighborhood halfway up the mountain. Long and narrow street extends upwards to connect the administrative office which is full of memories about the old town. The triangle site itself is part of an old neighborhood, which is connected with the Wanda Plaza by long and narrow paths.

中心场地空间愈渐老旧破败，景观风貌形象差；引入段甬道空间车辆堆积、环境脏乱；街道的视觉主立面为万达商业建筑的背立面，挂满了空调机，管线杂乱；场地还存在着高差复杂、居住界面混乱等一系列问题。设计旨在将破旧消极的老城街巷，将其改造成为一个连接新生活与旧文化且充满记忆纽带的空间，复苏万州市井的烟火生活。

The central space fell into a terrible mess with dilapidated buildings, crowded vehicles, dirty environment as well as the frontage covered with air conditioners, pipelines and wires. What’s worse, there were complicated altitude differences and disorderly living interface. Taking all of these problems into account, our design aims to transform this shabby and inactive street into a new space, which will serve as a link between new life and traditional culture, and revive the ordinary community life of Wanzhou District.

设计策略

对于场地的使用，我们既要服务于周边居民，又不只是服务于周边的居民。周边居民对场地的生活需求，如何在更新中既能得到满足，还能让空间得到提升？同时，如何让年轻的群体愿意走进这个原本消极的空间里来？这些都是我们所面临的具体挑战。

In the future, the site will not only serve the people living around but also welcome new visitors. Therefore, how to satisfy the needs of the surrounding residents and upgrade the space to attract young visitors has become a big challenge for us.

我们进行了多维度的文化叠加，解决和提升本地市民的生活需求，并适当引入了网红业态，吸引时尚年轻消费群体。它的成功让我们认识到，城市更新首先要立足于场地本身，尽可能保留住场地基地，服务于本地市民生活活动，并依托合理适当的商业运营，引进更多年轻载体和鲜活的力量，才能从根本上活络老街。

We combined multi-dimensional cultures, met the life demands of local residents and introduced some internet-famous retails to attract young consumers. Its success makes us realize that urban renovation should be based on the site itself and the needs of the local residents. Only by keeping the characteristics of the site and introducing young and fresh elements can we truly revitalize an old street.

设计内容

整合升级社区生活空间

设计基于现状出发，保留了大量旧有基底，对场地原有结构、树木保留，进行重新解读与包装，并围绕现有的黄葛树打造月光剧场、城市书屋和览书一隅等空间，将原本杂乱的、消极的空间进行新的诠释。

Based on the site condition, the design kept the original structure and tree, and reinterpreted the cluttered and inactive space to create a moonlight theatre, a book house and a book bar.

设计不仅满足原有居民的生活功能，服务于本地市民生活活动，还增加更多功能的可能，如以吧台和坐凳的形式，呈现室外书吧等小空间及外摆空间，提高空间的利用率，为人们提供停留、交谈、活动的休闲平台。

The outdoor book bar equipped with counter and seats provides an ideal place for stay, chatting and activities.

让本地居民在这个空间里唤起记忆，延续他们原有的生活方式，同时满足更多年轻人的审美喜好，成为我们设计的一项目标。通过设计的手法进行升级的同时，整个空间更富有层次，变成一个积极、包容、多元化的空间，延续原有居民生活方式的同时，吸纳更多年轻人进入空间。

Through skillful design, the upgraded space becomes active, inclusive and flexible, which will not only satisfy the local residents but also appeal to more young people.

面对原有不能动的防滑桩和混泥土浇筑的沼气池，以及很多杂乱的管线，我们在立面上采用铝板包覆的手法，使其变成类似于穿孔板形式的剧场文化墙。

Non-slip piles and concrete methane-gas pit as well as disorderly pipes and wires are all covered by aluminum plates, forming a perforated culture wall.

咖啡店与外部的阶梯区域被整体打造成览书一隅的休闲生活空间，水磨石打造的大阶梯可解决原有的场地高差，局部点缀着黄色钢板的图形，形成丰富的阶梯式坐凳空间。

The cafe bar and the outdoor terraces are connected to provide a quiet reading space. The terraces made of terrazzo are decorated by yellow steel patterns, which not only balances the altitude differences but also creates a friendly sitting area.

更新和复苏活力业态

旧城改造的成功与否和招商运营起着很大的联系，改造可以解决一些问题，但合理的商业运营与植入，才能真正使改造过后的空间不再是死寂的空间，让整体的空间体系变得活灵活现，吸引更多人群的参与。

The success of an urban renewal project depends a lot on the follow-up investment and operation. Renovation does solve some basic problems, but it is the commercial investment and operation that helps to revitalize the renovated space and attract more people.

项目有别于常见的老街商业形式，以点状存在的商业业态代替片状的底商模式，对场地进行整体的梳理。部分临街建筑进行改造与重建，打造为网红咖啡店，引入更多年轻载体；同时通过推动地摊儿经济等手段，为街区注入鲜活的力量，带动老街氛围，从而吸引年轻群体进入空间，激发社区活力，活络老街。

For Jixiang Street, we chose scattered retails instead of a clustered one. Some buildings along the street are renovated or rebuilt; internet-famous cafe bar and food stalls are introduced to attract young people, thus activating the old street and the neighborhood.

结合场地打造灵活市集，预留足量空间，满足特定时节的市集、营销展示等活动需求。带动老街的地摊儿经济，置入新的时尚业态，吸引更多的年轻人来使用，为街巷注入充满互动性和时尚性的活力体验。

We set aside enough space for temporary fairs and marketing shows. And we also encourage street-vending economy and new retails to attract more young people and provide interactive and fashion experience for the old street.

多维度文化记忆的叠加

除延续生活于此的居民自身的生活文化，设计把场地本身承载记忆的东西完整保留。在场地置入城市记忆，通过景观的手法，将万州港过去的记忆文化载体，演变成景观墙体、景观装置等元素，让居民和游客走到这个空间的时候都可以跟场地产生共鸣，成为连接生活和文化的记忆纽带。

In addition to continuing the local culture, the design also kept all the elements that carry the memories of the city, creating a series of landscape walls and features which record the history of Wanzhou Port. Serving as the bond between life and culture, it allows residents and visitors to resonate with the site upon entering the space.

入口空间中，我们用虚影的格网设计了拱门作为进入老街的起点。这个梭影之门由30万根钢丝组成，选用纯洁、超脱凡尘的白色，以包容的姿态、轻盈的形式凝集居民与游客，也在夜晚点亮了万巷的深处。身处上下半城的联系入口，越过这时空门洞，回望“那些年”万州区的文化轨迹，母城过往的生活百态尽显眼前。

An arch designed with a shadow grid stands at the entrance to the old street. Made of three hundred thousand steel wires, the arch in pure white welcomes both residents and visitors and illuminates the depths of the street at night. Walking through the arch, you can have a glimpse of the culture and traditional life of Wanzhou District in the past.

在空间狭长局促的引入段，设计对原有杂乱的停车空间做了位移和调整。在甬道空间，我们通过全新的半包裹和侧立面植入文化的手法，形成一个全新的U形半包裹空间。围墙四周，青灰与橘黄、米白的色彩碰撞，让整个巷子极具现代感。

In the long and narrow entrance space, the disorderly parking space is removed, while the paved path is newly decorated to form a U-shaped space. Along the perimeter walls, grey, orange and off-white colors are interwoven to make the street full of modern atmosphere.

作为多重文化记忆的载体，设计通过参数化的形式打造镂空钢板景墙，当人们远看时，利用反射可见老城的往日风貌，曾经的万州港、西山钟楼的繁荣景象映入眼帘。这一设计增加了文化底蕴，也唤起人们对万州历史的记忆。

Designed as the carrier of local culture and memory, the landscape walls in parameterized form are made of perforated steel plate, which reflect the prosperity of Wanzhou Port and Xishan Bell Tower and remind people of the past of Wanzhou old town.

这里原本是个很消极的甬道，没有灯光，在夜里十分昏暗。设计师结合文化景墙做出整体透光的设计，使整个空间变成一个温暖的甬道空间，让人们能够安心的回到自己的小区。

This was originally a very negative corridor. In this space at night, there are no lights and it is very dark. Light design in the landscape walls transforms the dark and inactive path into a warm and elegant space that leads people back to their home.

月影墙的设计灵感来源于万州本地人们小时候对江面月影的记忆。把月亮倒影作为一个连接纽带，让本地居民在这里唤起过去的记忆，同时够得到更多的东西。我们在景墙上做了上玄月下玄月等阴晴圆缺的变化，让其起到科普的功能，吸引更多的人了解并打卡。月亮也唤起人们的乡愁，引发对街巷的过去产生回忆与遐想。

Inspired by local people’s memory about the moon reflected on the river, the moon shadow wall will not only remind residents of the past memories and also provide a destination for people to take photos and understand the changes of the moon. The moon will also provoke strong surges of nostalgia and encourage people to explore the past of the old street.

在街巷的生活记忆中，青石、台阶等空间属性是我们无法设计的历史痕迹。因此，我们保留街巷肌理与人行尺度，通过发光玻璃砖作为入口的引导，凸显既有的历史元素。

The bluestones and terrace space are typical elements of the old street that cannot be copied. Therefore we preserved the texture and the scale of the street and use luminous glass bricks at the entrance to offer guidance.

以景观为主导的巷道界面更新

设计首先从空间和界面上去规避和提升环境脏乱差的视觉形象。临街老旧的危房，基于成本的考虑做了拆除，以同面积同位置进行恢复，改建成一个小体量的商业建筑；通过对建筑切角，延续古树的生长路径；对临街的居民住宅进行代建，我们尊重原住民的生活方式，对建筑外立面进行了最大程度的保留，仅在局部做饰面改造。

In consideration of the visual effect and the cost, the dilapidated building along the street is torn down and replaced by a commercial building of small volume. Corner of the building is specially designed to ensure the growth of the ancient tree. With respect for local people’s lifestyle, the frontage dwellings are properly renovated and decorated to keep the original facades to the greatest extent.

我们与上海大椽设计共同完成建筑的构思设计。这个有趣的小体量建筑，因其与一侧的大树枝桠交错，为避免对原有大树的破坏，我们将原本四方体的建筑刻意切除一角，让大树和建筑的关系保留下来，形成了现在的咖啡吧空间。

We finished the architectural design of the small building collaborating with Shanghai Dachuan Architects. To avoid destroying the ancient tree, one corner of the boxy building is cut, thus creating a cafe bar under the tree.

我们还对部分临街居民建筑底商进行饰面代建更新，改造原有建筑一层立面，植入文创休闲业态，延伸外摆空间，塑造场地调性。

The street frontages of some dwellings are renovated and redecorated; the first floors and the extended spaces are used for cultural and creative retails.

对万达商业建筑的背街立面，我们保留大部分原有墙体，并延用本土化的砖石。这些材料体现了时间的流逝、与地方的联系及生活的真实性。我们同时引入现代玻璃与钢材料，形成传统语言与现代工艺的对比，更具时代冲击感，体现文脉的延续性。空调外挂机位设计外包穿孔板，形成有韵律的立面。

The facades behind Wanda Plaza are largely maintained and renovated with local bricks, which reflect the past time, the connection with the city and the true life. Also modern materials such as glass and steel are used to shape a contrast with traditional materials and continue the cultural context.The black brick facades of the buildings facing the center are well preserved and repaired, on which the air conditioners are enveloped by perforated plates to create a rhythmical effect.