凉山燕麦地安置住区 / 研筑舍建筑设计工作室

编辑：彭雅冰 | 校对：宋诗雨 | 2026.03.19 14:49

设计单位 研筑舍建筑设计工作室

项目地点 四川省凉山彝族自治州

建设时间 2022年11月

建筑面积 5189平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

项目位于四川省凉山彝族自治州昭觉县解放沟镇燕麦地社，是脱贫攻坚战中政府为较低收入村民修建的乡村安置社区。本设计以“西南欠发达地区乡土聚落的空间范式构建”为目标，旨在构建可推广的当代乡土聚落空间营建体系，探索民族地区人居环境提升与文化传承的协同发展。

The project is located in Jiefanggou Town, Zhaojue County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is a rural resettlement community built by the government for lower-income villagers during the poverty reduction battle. The design aims to "construct the spatial paradigm of rural settlements in underdeveloped areas of southwest China", with the goal of developing a replicable contemporary rural settlement space construction system and exploring the coordinated development of improving the living environment and cultural inheritance in ethnic areas.

△ 项目视频 ©言隅建筑空间摄影、研筑舍

01. 组团结构

01 Group structure

凉山中高海拔地区传统聚落以“内宅外田”的组团为生活生产基础单元，聚落呈现出离散均质、弱中心化但组间关联紧密的组团簇群特征。该形态是社会文化组织的物质空间映射，以“家支”为纽带的宗族制度与相对独立的领地意识是关键因素。

The traditional settlements in the middle and high altitudes of Liangshan Mountain take the group of "inner house and outer field" as the basic unit of life and production, and the settlements show the characteristics of discrete and homogeneous, weakly centralized but closely related groups. This form is the material space mapping of social and cultural organizations, and the clan system linked by "family branch" and relatively independent territorial consciousness are the key factors.

近几十年传统封闭的家支结构正逐步向开放、包容的文化共同体转型，与之相应，传统组团空间形态转向以邻里空间为核心的多户邻里单元。在当下聚落空间宜构建为“行政村/自然村—村民小组—组团”三级体系，形成组团式空间形态，相邻组团间留设6—12米绿廊，由住户种植形成乡土农业景观。

In recent decades, the traditional closed family branch structure is gradually transforming into an open and inclusive cultural community. Correspondingly, the traditional group spatial form has shifted to a multi-family neighborhood unit with neighborhood space as the core. At present, the settlement space should be constructed as a three-level system of "administrative village/natural village-villager group-group", forming a group-type spatial form, with 6-12 meters of green corridors between adjacent groups, and local agricultural landscape formed by household planting.

02. 邻里空间

02 Neighborhood Space

在凉山地区，时常可见在宅旁、院里和树下等空间三五成群席地而坐，这被看作具有地域特质的邻里空间。住宅和邻里空间共同构成居住组团，组团宜由8—10幢住宅构成，空间形态分为中心围合式、半围合式和带型街道式，并构建“邻里庭院或街道—巷道”的双级邻里空间结构。

In the Liangshan area, it is often seen that three or five groups sit on the ground in spaces such as houses, courtyards, and trees, which are regarded as neighborhood spaces with regional characteristics. Residences and neighborhood spaces together form residential groups, which should be composed of 8-10 residences. The spatial form is divided into central enclosure, semi-enclosure, and strip street, and a two-level neighborhood space structure of neighborhood courtyards/streets and lanes is constructed.

03. 交通组织

03 Traffic Organization

交通系统采用“环形车行+人车分流”模式，营建步行友好的居住社区。一条环状车行主道将5个住宅组团和社区中心相连接，每个组团外围临环状车道设置机动车停车区，组团内部为步行空间，既保证每户的停车需求，又提高了步行安全性及舒适度。

The transportation system adopts the "circular car traffic + people-vehicle diversion" model to create a pedestrian-friendly residential community. A circular car main road connects five residential groups with the community center, and a motor vehicle parking area is set up on the periphery of each group with a circular lane. The interior of the group is a pedestrian space, which not only ensures the parking needs of each household, but also improves the safety and comfort of walking.

04. 地景营造

04 Landscape construction

以“地形微差调控+山丘存续润色”的方式雕刻地形，使聚落成为大地景观。“一户一标高”的台地型住宅使建筑锚固于场地中，并构建积极的宅间公共空间；保留场地中部的小山丘，顺应地势营造社区文化中心和点睛观景楼。

The terrain is carved in the way of "micro-difference regulation of the terrain + continuous polishing of the hills", making the settlement a landscape of the earth. The "one family, one height" terraced house anchors the building in the site and builds an active public space between the houses; the small hills in the middle of the site are reserved, and the community cultural center and the observation building are created according to the terrain.

05. 住宅单元

05 Residential Unit

根据政府提供的安置户数与建筑面积标准，设计了4个独栋单元户型： 1—3人户，25平方米/人、4—7人户，100平方米/户。

According to the number of relocated households and building area standards provided by the government, four basic unit types are designed: 1-3 households with 25 square meters per person, and 4-7 households with 100 square meters per person.

前后院布局：前院作为客厅的外延区域较开敞，为生活性庭院；后院可放置生产工具，界面较为封闭，为生产性庭院。

Front and back yard layout: The front yard is more open as the extension area of the living room, making it a living courtyard; the backyard can be used to place production tools, and the interface is more closed, making it a productive courtyard.

空间拓展：应对未来空间拓展及民宿经营需求，预留多项拓展可能：平屋顶露台设“屋顶装饰构架”，日后可安装外窗扩展为房间；客厅及部分主卧设计近二层高空间，于2900米标高处设圈梁预留结构荷载，便于后期加层。此类措施既满足动态使用需求，也降低自发搭建对建筑外观的干扰。

Space expansion: In response to the future space expansion and residential operation needs, a number of expansion possibilities are reserved: the flat roof terrace is equipped with a "roof decoration frame", which can be expanded into rooms by installing external windows in the future; the living room and some master bedrooms are designed to be nearly two-storey high, and ring beams are set at the elevation of 2.900 meters to reserve structural loads for later storey addition. Such measures not only meet the needs of dynamic use, but also reduce the interference of spontaneous construction on the appearance of the building.

06. 重要建筑

06 Important Buildings

凉山地区有着极具特色的传统搧架木结构建筑，是汉彝技艺融合发展形成的特殊穿斗式木结构建筑。社区文化中心设计以此为原型，并在建筑与山地环境的结合，以及建筑与环境对话层面，进行当代演进，延续地域建造智慧。

Liangshan area has a very distinctive traditional fan frame wooden structure building, which is a special bucket-type wooden structure formed by the integration of Han and Yi skills. The design of community cultural center is based on this prototype, and carries out contemporary evolution in the combination of architecture and mountain environment, as well as the dialogue between architecture and environment, so as to continue the wisdom of regional construction.

07. 结语

07 Conclusion

本设计从乡土聚落的传承与重构、步行友好的社区营造、地形微差的大地景观塑造，以及社会公平性的宜居品质赋能四个维度切入，为西南欠发达地区当代乡土聚落构建提炼在地设计体系与方法。

This design cuts into four dimensions: the inheritance and reconstruction of rural settlements, the creation of pedestrian-friendly communities, the shaping of terrestrial landscapes with poor topography, and the livable quality empowered by social fairness, and refines the local design system and method for contemporary rural settlements in underdeveloped areas of Southwest China.