扎哈事务所联合体获胜方案：意大利马尔彭萨医院

编译：王子萱 | 校对：王子萱 | 2025.12.16 17:52

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所（ZHA）联合RINA（牵头方）、Studio Plicchi、WSP、STI Engineering及BC Building Consulting，赢得马尔彭萨医院（Grande Ospedale della Malpensa）项目国际竞赛。

The international competition to design Malpensa Hospital (Grande Ospedale della Malpensa) has been awarded to Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) in partnership with RINA (team leader), Studio Plicchi, WSP, STI Engineering and BC Building Consulting.

这座全新的医疗园区将整合原有的Gallarate医院与Busto Arsizio医院，建设为一体化医疗设施，为米兰与瓦雷泽之间地区近一百万居民提供面向21世纪的医疗服务。

The new medical campus will unite the old Gallarate and Busto Arsizio hospitals into a single facility providing 21st century healthcare to serve almost one million residents living in the region between Milan and Varese.

受伦巴第大区卫生管理局委托，马尔彭萨医院的设计将回应奥洛纳山谷不断变化的医疗需求，在不影响运营效率与功能性的前提下，确保对新技术的高度适应性。

Commissioned by the Lombardy Regional Health Authority, the design of Malpensa Hospital will meet the evolving requirements of the Olona Valley, ensuring flexibility to accommodate new technologies without comprising operational effectiveness and efficiency.

新医院的设计聚焦三项核心目标：满足区域不断增长的医疗需求，将先进医疗技术与以人为本的空间设计相结合，并为社区提供最高质量的医疗服务。

The new hospital’s design addresses three fundamental priorities: meeting the region’s growing demand for healthcare, integrating advanced medical technology with human-centric design and ensuring the community has access to medical services of the highest quality.

该项目通过整体化的设计策略，将医疗创新、本土历史保护与生态修复相融合，打造一座兼具包容性与可持续性的医疗园区，在服务当下社区的同时，也具备应对未来需求的能力。

The project represents the holistic integration of healthcare innovation, local heritage preservation and ecological regeneration, creating an inclusive and sustainable campus to serve its community today while adapting to the needs of tomorrow.

医院采用模块化建造体系，以应对不断演变的健康挑战与气候条件，使建筑能够在未来实现扩展，并在紧急情况下进行快速重组。这一策略在满足区域医疗增长需求的同时，将先进医疗技术与关注个体舒适度的设计理念相结合。

Designed to respond to evolving health challenges and climate conditions, the hospital’s modular construction enables future expansion and rapid reconfiguration in emergencies. This approach meets the growing healthcare needs of the region while combining advanced medical technologies with a design focused on individual comfort.

医院整体为紧凑型布局，由地上五层与一层地下空间组成，总建筑面积约9万平方米，并依据医疗护理强度进行功能组织。其中包括急诊、手术与重症监护区域，集中设置于一个集成放射、介入及诊断功能的多功能手术中心。

A compact structure comprising five above-ground levels and one basement, the hospital will encompass approximately 90,000 sq. m organised by intensity of care that includes emergency services, surgery and critical-care within a multifunctional operating block with radiology, interventional and diagnostic rooms.

医院将配置完善的门诊与住院设施，以及妇幼保健病区，并设有诊断与治疗区域。设计同时纳入一级与二级门诊、妇幼专科门诊，以及康复、实验室与物流等专业功能空间。院内所有设施均具备灵活调整的可能性，以适应不断变化的使用需求。

The hospital will incorporate extensive outpatient and inpatient facilities, maternal and infant care wards in addition to diagnostic and therapy zones with treatment rooms. The design also accommodates first and second level clinics, further clinics for maternal-infant healthcare, together with specialist areas for rehabilitation, laboratories and logistics. Every facility within the hospital is designed to be easily reconfigured to meet evolving needs.

项目通过为访客、患者、医护人员及物流设置独立的交通流线，最大限度减少相互干扰并降低交叉感染风险。公共流线与技术及医疗服务流线清晰分离，医疗物资、货物与废弃物使用独立电梯系统，避免与患者及访客产生交叉。同时，医院将引入自动化配送系统，以提升整体物流效率。

The hospital’s dedicated circulation pathways for visitors, patients, staff and goods will minimise interference and reduce risk of contamination, with a clear separation between the routes used by the public and routes used by technicians and healthcare providers. Separate elevators for medical materials, goods and waste are strategically located to avoid interference with patients and visitors. The installation of an automated delivery system throughout the hospital will ensure patients and staff benefit from the most efficient logistical services.

设计强调私密性与舒适度，通过设置休憩空间以缓解患者与医护人员的紧张与压力。地面层的“主街”作为公共轴线，连接入口广场与景观空间，强化可达性与社区融合。室内空间通过对自然采光与声学环境的优化，营造有利于身心健康的医疗环境。

The design prioritises privacy and comfort to reduce anxiety by creating respite zones for patients and staff alike. At ground level, a central “Main Street” acts as a public axis, linking the entrance plaza and landscaped areas, reinforcing accessibility and community integration. Indoor spaces are defined to optimise natural light and acoustic comfort, creating an environment that supports health and well-being.

以人为本的设计理念贯穿整体建筑，通过花园、庭院与屋顶景观平台，为康复与放松提供多样化空间。室内材料选择以营造疗愈氛围为目标。同时，项目还设置社交、教育与文化活动空间，强化医院与本地社区之间的联系。通用设计原则融入整体系统，包括触觉地图、多语言标识及无障碍流线。

Human-centric design principles underpin the architecture—providing gardens, courtyards and landscaped rooftop terraces offering a variety of different spaces for rehabilitation and relaxation. The interiors are composed with a material palette promoting a therapeutic environment. Areas for socialising, education and cultural activities will enable the hospital to cultivate the strongest relationships with its local communities to enhance every aspect of patient care, while universal design integrates tactile maps, multilingual signage and barrier-free circulation.

项目基地自然资源丰富，周边环绕森林与农业用地，处于区域生态网络之中，并邻近提契诺河谷区域公园（Parco Regionale della Valle del Ticino）。景观设计遵循亲自然原则，在保护现有生态系统、减少水文影响的同时，将可追溯至12至13世纪的历史农庄Cascina dei Poveri纳入园区，延续历史记忆，也为社区创造新的公共聚点。

The site is rich in natural heritage, surrounded by forests and agricultural land within the Regional Ecological Network and close to the Parco Regionale della Valle del Ticino. Embracing biophilic principles, the hospital’s landscape design preserves these ecosystems, minimizing hydrological impact, and also embedding the historic Cascina dei Poveri—an ancient rural complex dating to the 12th–13th century—within the campus, honouring its heritage and creating a new gathering place for the local community.

医院通过高效的被动式设计策略，目标超越CAM环境性能标准，并有可能利用可再生能源和智能建筑系统获得最高的可持续发展认证。

Incorporating effective passive design strategies, the hospital is designed to exceed CAM compliance environmental performance standards, with the potential to achieve the highest sustainability certification using renewable energy sources and the implementation of smart building systems.

新医院通过从Quintino Sella大道及SS33延伸的公共通行系统，与周边社区实现无缝连接，人们还可通过公共交通、自行车道及步行系统便捷抵达。

Seamlessly connected to its surrounding communities by a network of dedicated public access routes from Via Quintino Sella and SS33, the new hospital can also be accessed via its extensive public transport links, cycling paths and pedestrian walkways.

医疗园区立面采用模块化铝制雨幕板，并结合种植槽与遮阳构件，兼顾耐久性、可回收性与低隐含碳。室内空间选用木材与纺织品等自然材料，增强患者、访客及医护人员的舒适感、安全感与宁静氛围。

The facades of the new medical campus comprise modular aluminium rainscreen panels with integrated planters and solar shading chosen for durability, recyclability and low embodied carbon. Interiors feature natural finishes such as wood and textiles to enhance the sense of comfort, calmness and security for all patients, visitors and staff.

项目采用先进的模块化预制技术，以减少建筑废弃物、投资成本与施工周期。所有材料均基于低二氧化碳排放、再生成分比例，以及严格的EPD与LCA标准进行选择。通过高性能围护结构与遮阳系统，制冷需求可降低约30%。装机容量超过1MWp的光伏系统将满足医院约四分之一的用电需求，混合供热系统亦预留氢能接入条件，确保长期适应性。

Employing advanced modular prefabrication technologies to reduce waste, investment and construction time, all materials are selected for their low CO₂ footprint, recycled content and compliance with rigorous EPD and LCA standards. Operational efficiency throughout the campus is enhanced by a high-performance building envelope and solar shading to reduce cooling demand by 30%, while a photovoltaic system exceeding 1 MWp will supply roughly a quarter of the hospital’s electricity needs. A hybrid heating system is prepared for hydrogen integration, ensuring long-term adaptability.

项目在设计中预留了引入智能建造技术的可能性，包括先进的建筑管理系统与数字孪生模型，以实现预测性维护与能源性能优化。

Designed with the possibility to incorporate new smart technologies including advanced building management systems and digital twin models, the project has the capacity to implement the most effective predictive maintenance programmes and optimise energy performance.

在保留现有林地的基础上，项目引入新的湿地与生态滞水系统，用于雨水收集与再利用，并提升生物多样性。园区景观将包含公共公园与花园，采用耐旱植物配置，以降低蒸发与灌溉需求。

Preserving existing woodland while introducing new wetlands and bioswales to capture and reuse stormwater and enhance biodiversity, the landscaping of the campus will include new public parks and gardens with drought-resistant planting to reduce evaporation and irrigation demand.

深度融入自然环境之中，马尔彭萨医院将在创新、气候响应与以人为本设计的前提下，提供最高质量的医疗服务，成为奥洛纳山谷先进医疗体系与生态责任并行的典范。

Embedded within its surrounding natural environment, Malpensa Hospital will provide the highest quality of patient care in an innovative, climate-responsive and human-centred medical campus, unifying advanced healthcare and responsible ecological stewardship of the Olona Valley.