浙江省黄龙体育中心游泳跳水馆：悬浮的波浪 / 中南建筑设计院

编辑：李博超（实习生） | 校对：崔婧 | 2020.08.20 18:01

设计单位 中南建筑设计院股份有限公司（CSADI）

项目地点 浙江杭州

建成时间 2017年12月

建筑面积 48791平方米

项目位于杭州市西子湖畔，为2022年杭州亚运会比赛场馆，建筑规模约为49000平方米，设有3000个观众坐席，另有游泳比赛池、跳水比赛池以及热身训练池各一处。

Huanglong Sports Center is located in the north of West Lake, the heart of Hangzhou. It is the alternative venue for 2022 Asian Games. The building scale is about 49000㎡, including 3000 seats. It contained a 50m×25m standard competition pool, a 50m×21m training pool, and a 21m×25m diving pool.

▲ 项目视频 ©CSADI

场地：极限的挑战

项目的建筑用地极为紧张，如果按通常三个泳池同层的布置方式，占地率将超过规划限定值。通过多方案比选，我们依据当地法规中“超过一定高度的建筑悬挑部分可不计入占地率”的规定，在诸多限制条件中产生了创新性的解决方案，即占天不占地的“悬浮建筑”。

For this project, there is limited construction space. If we followed this general way here, the building occupancy would exceed the local code, in which the occupancy should below 45%. Based on the previous experience, the simplest way is to put one space on the top of another。However, the pool underneath will not have excellent ventilation conditions and natural lights.

设计将游泳池和跳水池平层布置，将训练池架空10米，并错层布置于比赛池斜上方。在满足功能、流线的前提下，保证了三个泳池均拥有良好的自然通风和采光条件，完成了一次巨大建筑体量与狭小用地间的极限挑战。

Through compare, we have set the competition pool and the diving pool on the same level while the training pool is 10m obliquely upward the competition pool. By this way, with ensuring the functions and transportation, the three pools all can achieve great nature ventilation and nature lighting.

漂浮：形式服从功能

建筑轮廓依据内部空间关系，自然形成出高低起伏的整体形态，并通过立面檐口的自由曲线呈现一种未来般的“漂浮感”。

The outline of the roof is shaped based on the different heights required by each pool, which ends up with a “fluctuant from”. It also presents the sense of floating by using a curvy cornice.

游泳跳水馆圆润流畅的自然形态，在视觉上让人联想到游泳赛场上此起彼伏的波浪。建筑外部形态成为内部功能的直观反映，进一步增强了市民对建筑的可读性。

The natural elegant and wavy “flowing” shape of this aquatics center can visually reminds the waves in the swimming competition. The façade directly reflects its inner functional layouts which better understanding of the local citizenry to this construction.

反转：建构和隐喻

我们采用“反转”的设计理念，将一般设置在室内的幕墙挡风桁架反向安装在整个玻璃幕墙之外，并与穿孔铝板外遮阳系统合二为一。同时，将通风窗巧妙隐藏于遮阳龙骨之中，既减小了幕墙结构体系对空间的占用，又避免了通风窗开启时对整体立面效果的影响。

We have adopted the idea of “inversion” when designing the curtain wall of the building. We have installed the windshield truss the opposite way on the whole glass wall, and combined it with the sunshade devices which made of perforated aluminum.

主立面上用穿孔铝板制作的波浪形遮阳装置，既能体现杭州“西湖景观”的理念，又能减少西晒。立面像一幅巨大的中国水墨画，强调了这个南方城市独特气质和文化特征，同时也诠释了水上运动中心的内部功能特征。

The wavy shading devices which made of perforated aluminum sheets on the main façade can not only represent the idea of “the landscape of West Lake” in Hangzhou, but also reduce west sunburn. The façade seems like a giant piece of Chinese ink-wash painting, emphasizing the unique temperament and cultural features of this southern city as well as explaining the inner functional characteristics of the aquatics center.

融合：建筑结构一体化

游泳跳水馆上部主体结构为大跨度钢结构空间网架体系，最大跨度达74米。而整个训练池结构总荷载达到36400千牛，由下部8榀鱼腹形预应力混凝土跨层桁架支撑，桁架根部由6榀“V”形清水混凝土柱进一步支撑，并向南部悬挑12米以上。

The main structure of this aquatics center is a space truss system of a steel structure with 74m long-spanned. The training pool is sized 69x26m with the weight of 36400KN. It is supported by 8 fish-belly shaped pre-stressed concrete cross-storey trusses, and their roots are furthermore supported by 6 V-shaped fair-faced concrete columns and cantilevered to the south side with more than 12m.

同时，设计充分利用混凝土跨层桁架的内部空间，合理组织结构构件，将运动员休息厅及更衣室功能空间设置在其中。

Moreover, the design has made full use of the space created by pre-stressed concrete cross-storey trusses and scientifically organized the structure elements, leaving the main restrooms for athletes and dressing rooms inside perfectly.