皮鲁埃特桥：河上的芭蕾舞者 / 介景建筑

编辑：李博超（实习生） | 校对：崔婧 | 2020.07.21 16:41

设计单位 ATAH介景建筑
项目地址 中国南京
项目状态 方案阶段
跨度 40米

皮鲁埃特桥位于中国南京迈皋桥地区的沿河路主题公园内。据史料记载，迈皋桥的“皋”，为水边高地之意，迈皋桥的字面意思即为水边高地之桥。项目所在地区均呈现为一种丘陵地貌，自然的起伏沿河展开，划分不同的城市功能区域的同时，也一定程度上阻碍了两侧的人流连接。业主希望以新建廊桥建设为契机，为公园创造新的活力。
Pirouette, a ballet term in French, is a type of dance turn in place on one leg. A pirouette can be done either en dedans, turning in towards the supporting leg that the dancer is turning on, or en de-hors, which is turning away from the supporting leg. Pirouettes are often considered one of the most fun ballet steps to practice and do.

设计顺势利用两岸不同的标高，将高差信息转化为一种与古为新的跨河体验。并通过对两岸三向路径的拟合，整合区域景观系统，包含河堤、步道、自行车道、户外表演区等。设计思考从城市区域开始，但不拘泥于理性的分析推导。设计主张以一种同身体相关的共情方式，直接唤起人们内心对游玩假山的共鸣，以及对探秘小径的好奇心。
The Pirouette Bridge is located on the Yanhe Park of Nanjing, China. As the linear river that meander through the landscape for more than 500 meters, the bridge performs an elegant whirl over the water and links public activities from multiple heights of both sides of the river bank.

桥的造型是对其流线逻辑的直观反映。沿着其40米的跨度，三条主要通路如触手般将行人带至对岸。此外，桥体具有节奏感的形态扭转、互连，形成了多层次的流动空间。与此同时，形体渗透产生的洞口则成为取景框，浮现出一系列令人惊叹的风景。

The form of the bridge directly reflects the logic of its circulation. Along its 40 meters span, three ma-jor paths as tentacles tri-direct pedestrians to new destinations across the river.

几何学上，桥体以“寺崎坡道”的螺旋结构加以整合，在强化这种别有洞天的体验的同时，进一步细腻刻画了皮鲁埃特旋转的美学特征。在长达五百米的蜿蜒河流的中心位置，这座桥在水面上优雅地旋转，并以此生发出一种高密度的重叠体验。

As one singular form, the bridge is also featured by layers of rhythmic self-connected inner loops. Voids that are created from the shape twisting penetrate the form, and frame a series of stunning views during the pedestri-an’s journey on top of the river. Integrated with the interweaving space, a spiral system in the form of “Terasaki ramps” carves the surface of the bridge, and further express the artistic sensibility of the bridge.

注：Pirouette，即皮鲁埃特旋转，法语中芭蕾舞术语，是一种用单腿进行的舞蹈旋转动作。旋转方向既可以朝向舞者支撑身体的腿部，也可以与之相逆。皮鲁埃特旋转通常被认为是最有趣的芭蕾舞动作之一。

为了获得结构体系的最佳效果，设计中采用遗传算法进行结构优化，计算材料受力最合理的钢结构布局。作为此算法的结果，位于桥体中心的圆柱被设计为涡旋形状，扎根于河北岸。这只独特的结构柱不仅如同皮鲁埃特旋转中舞者的腿，使整体桥梁的受力平衡，还创造出具有表现力的负形空间。
To achieve the optimal performance of the structure system, genetic algorithm structure optimization is used to calculate the steel structural layout. As a result of this process, the column in the center of the massing is designed in vortex shape. Resting at the north bank of the river, it not only help on balancing the bridge, as the dancer’s leg of the pirouette, but also creates the highlight space of the bridge.

桥的底部采用蓝灰色灰泥，与环境交界处更具亲和力。上层步道系统采用渐变色的塑胶跑道作为铺装，侧面则使用铝板收边。在水光倒影中，该设计旨在强化微地形的变化，并唤起人们孩童时在假山、顽石、山丘、林间穿行探索的乐趣。
Light blue-gray stucco is applied at the bottom of the bridge, to be more friendly when it smoothly merge with the landscape. On the up side, pedestrian paths are paved with synthetic track surface in gradient color, and aluminum plate are used to cover the sides of the bridge. Together with its dynam-ic reflection on the river, the design is to explore the potential of micro-typography, and to evoke the childlike experience of the waterfront adventure.